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0001 //===-- Address.h -----------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
0002 //
0003 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
0004 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
0005 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
0006 //
0007 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
0008 
0009 #ifndef LLDB_CORE_ADDRESS_H
0010 #define LLDB_CORE_ADDRESS_H
0011 
0012 #include "lldb/Utility/Stream.h"
0013 #include "lldb/lldb-defines.h"
0014 #include "lldb/lldb-forward.h"
0015 #include "lldb/lldb-private-enumerations.h"
0016 #include "lldb/lldb-types.h"
0017 
0018 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
0019 
0020 #include <cstddef>
0021 #include <cstdint>
0022 
0023 namespace lldb_private {
0024 class Block;
0025 class CompileUnit;
0026 class ExecutionContextScope;
0027 class Function;
0028 class SectionList;
0029 class Stream;
0030 class Symbol;
0031 class SymbolContext;
0032 class Target;
0033 struct LineEntry;
0034 
0035 /// \class Address Address.h "lldb/Core/Address.h"
0036 /// A section + offset based address class.
0037 ///
0038 /// The Address class allows addresses to be relative to a section that can
0039 /// move during runtime due to images (executables, shared libraries, bundles,
0040 /// frameworks) being loaded at different addresses than the addresses found
0041 /// in the object file that represents them on disk. There are currently two
0042 /// types of addresses for a section:
0043 ///     \li file addresses
0044 ///     \li load addresses
0045 ///
0046 /// File addresses represent the virtual addresses that are in the "on disk"
0047 /// object files. These virtual addresses are converted to be relative to
0048 /// unique sections scoped to the object file so that when/if the addresses
0049 /// slide when the images are loaded/unloaded in memory, we can easily track
0050 /// these changes without having to update every object (compile unit ranges,
0051 /// line tables, function address ranges, lexical block and inlined subroutine
0052 /// address ranges, global and static variables) each time an image is loaded
0053 /// or unloaded.
0054 ///
0055 /// Load addresses represent the virtual addresses where each section ends up
0056 /// getting loaded at runtime. Before executing a program, it is common for
0057 /// all of the load addresses to be unresolved. When a DynamicLoader plug-in
0058 /// receives notification that shared libraries have been loaded/unloaded, the
0059 /// load addresses of the main executable and any images (shared libraries)
0060 /// will be  resolved/unresolved. When this happens, breakpoints that are in
0061 /// one of these sections can be set/cleared.
0062 class Address {
0063 public:
0064   /// Dump styles allow the Address::Dump(Stream *,DumpStyle) const function
0065   /// to display Address contents in a variety of ways.
0066   enum DumpStyle {
0067     /// Invalid dump style.
0068     DumpStyleInvalid,
0069     /// Display as the section name + offset.
0070     /// \code
0071     /// // address for printf in libSystem.B.dylib as a section name + offset
0072     /// libSystem.B.dylib.__TEXT.__text + 0x0005cfdf
0073     /// \endcode
0074     DumpStyleSectionNameOffset,
0075     /// Display as the section pointer + offset (debug output).
0076     /// \code
0077     /// // address for printf in libSystem.B.dylib as a section pointer +
0078     /// offset (lldb::Section *)0x35cc50 + 0x000000000005cfdf
0079     /// \endcode
0080     DumpStyleSectionPointerOffset,
0081     /// Display as the file address (if any).
0082     /// \code
0083     /// // address for printf in libSystem.B.dylib as a file address
0084     /// 0x000000000005dcff
0085     /// \endcode
0086     ///
0087     DumpStyleFileAddress,
0088     /// Display as the file address with the module name prepended (if any).
0089     /// \code
0090     /// // address for printf in libSystem.B.dylib as a file address
0091     /// libSystem.B.dylib[0x000000000005dcff]
0092     /// \endcode
0093     DumpStyleModuleWithFileAddress,
0094     /// Display as the load address (if resolved).
0095     /// \code
0096     /// // address for printf in libSystem.B.dylib as a load address
0097     /// 0x00007fff8306bcff
0098     /// \endcode
0099     DumpStyleLoadAddress,
0100     /// Display the details about what an address resolves to. This can be
0101     /// anything from a symbol context summary (module, function/symbol, and
0102     /// file and line), to information about what the pointer points to if the
0103     /// address is in a section (section of pointers, c strings, etc).
0104     DumpStyleResolvedDescription,
0105     DumpStyleResolvedDescriptionNoModule,
0106     DumpStyleResolvedDescriptionNoFunctionArguments,
0107     /// Elide the function name; display an offset into the current function.
0108     /// Used primarily in disassembly symbolication
0109     DumpStyleNoFunctionName,
0110     /// Detailed symbol context information for an address for all symbol
0111     /// context members.
0112     DumpStyleDetailedSymbolContext,
0113     /// Dereference a pointer at the current address and then lookup the
0114     /// dereferenced address using DumpStyleResolvedDescription
0115     DumpStyleResolvedPointerDescription
0116   };
0117 
0118   /// Default constructor.
0119   ///
0120   /// Initialize with a invalid section (NULL) and an invalid offset
0121   /// (LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS).
0122   Address() = default;
0123 
0124   /// Copy constructor
0125   ///
0126   /// Makes a copy of the another Address object \a rhs.
0127   ///
0128   /// \param[in] rhs
0129   ///     A const Address object reference to copy.
0130   Address(const Address &rhs)
0131       : m_section_wp(rhs.m_section_wp), m_offset(rhs.m_offset) {}
0132 
0133   /// Construct with a section pointer and offset.
0134   ///
0135   /// Initialize the address with the supplied \a section and \a offset.
0136   ///
0137   /// \param[in] section_sp
0138   ///     A section pointer to a valid lldb::Section, or NULL if the
0139   ///     address doesn't have a section or will get resolved later.
0140   ///
0141   /// \param[in] offset
0142   ///     The offset in bytes into \a section.
0143   Address(const lldb::SectionSP &section_sp, lldb::addr_t offset)
0144       : m_section_wp(), // Don't init with section_sp in case section_sp is
0145                         // invalid (the weak_ptr will throw)
0146         m_offset(offset) {
0147     if (section_sp)
0148       m_section_wp = section_sp;
0149   }
0150 
0151   /// Construct with a virtual address and section list.
0152   ///
0153   /// Initialize and resolve the address with the supplied virtual address \a
0154   /// file_addr.
0155   ///
0156   /// \param[in] file_addr
0157   ///     A virtual file address.
0158   ///
0159   /// \param[in] section_list
0160   ///     A list of sections, one of which may contain the \a file_addr.
0161   Address(lldb::addr_t file_addr, const SectionList *section_list);
0162 
0163   Address(lldb::addr_t abs_addr);
0164 
0165 /// Assignment operator.
0166 ///
0167 /// Copies the address value from another Address object \a rhs into \a this
0168 /// object.
0169 ///
0170 /// \param[in] rhs
0171 ///     A const Address object reference to copy.
0172 ///
0173 /// \return
0174 ///     A const Address object reference to \a this.
0175   const Address &operator=(const Address &rhs);
0176 
0177   /// Clear the object's state.
0178   ///
0179   /// Sets the section to an invalid value (NULL) and an invalid offset
0180   /// (LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS).
0181   void Clear() {
0182     m_section_wp.reset();
0183     m_offset = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
0184   }
0185 
0186   /// Compare two Address objects.
0187   ///
0188   /// \param[in] lhs
0189   ///     The Left Hand Side const Address object reference.
0190   ///
0191   /// \param[in] rhs
0192   ///     The Right Hand Side const Address object reference.
0193   ///
0194   /// \return
0195   ///     -1 if lhs < rhs
0196   ///     0 if lhs == rhs
0197   ///     1 if lhs > rhs
0198   static int CompareFileAddress(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs);
0199 
0200   static int CompareLoadAddress(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs,
0201                                 Target *target);
0202 
0203   static int CompareModulePointerAndOffset(const Address &lhs,
0204                                            const Address &rhs);
0205 
0206   // For use with std::map, std::multi_map
0207   class ModulePointerAndOffsetLessThanFunctionObject {
0208   public:
0209     ModulePointerAndOffsetLessThanFunctionObject() = default;
0210 
0211     bool operator()(const Address &a, const Address &b) const {
0212       return Address::CompareModulePointerAndOffset(a, b) < 0;
0213     }
0214   };
0215 
0216   /// Write a description of this object to a Stream.
0217   bool GetDescription(Stream &s, Target &target,
0218                       lldb::DescriptionLevel level) const;
0219 
0220   /// Dump a description of this object to a Stream.
0221   ///
0222   /// Dump a description of the contents of this object to the supplied stream
0223   /// \a s. There are many ways to display a section offset based address, and
0224   /// \a style lets the user choose.
0225   ///
0226   /// \param[in] s
0227   ///     The stream to which to dump the object description.
0228   ///
0229   /// \param[in] style
0230   ///     The display style for the address.
0231   ///
0232   /// \param[in] fallback_style
0233   ///     The display style for the address.
0234   ///
0235   /// \param[in] addr_byte_size
0236   ///     The address byte size for the address.
0237   ///
0238   /// \param[in] all_ranges
0239   ///     If true, dump all valid ranges and value ranges for the variable that
0240   ///     contains the address, otherwise dumping the range that contains the
0241   ///     address.
0242   ///
0243   /// \param[in] pattern
0244   ///     An optional regex pattern to match against the description. If
0245   ///     specified, parts of the description matching this pattern may be
0246   ///     highlighted or processed differently. If this parameter is an empty
0247   ///     string or not provided, no highlighting is applied.
0248   ///
0249   /// \return
0250   ///     Returns \b true if the address was able to be displayed.
0251   ///     File and load addresses may be unresolved and it may not be
0252   ///     possible to display a valid value, \b false will be returned
0253   ///     in such cases.
0254   ///
0255   /// \see Address::DumpStyle
0256   bool
0257   Dump(Stream *s, ExecutionContextScope *exe_scope, DumpStyle style,
0258        DumpStyle fallback_style = DumpStyleInvalid,
0259        uint32_t addr_byte_size = UINT32_MAX, bool all_ranges = false,
0260        std::optional<Stream::HighlightSettings> settings = std::nullopt) const;
0261 
0262   AddressClass GetAddressClass() const;
0263 
0264   /// Get the file address.
0265   ///
0266   /// If an address comes from a file on disk that has section relative
0267   /// addresses, then it has a virtual address that is relative to unique
0268   /// section in the object file.
0269   ///
0270   /// \return
0271   ///     The valid file virtual address, or LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if
0272   ///     the address doesn't have a file virtual address (image is
0273   ///     from memory only with no representation on disk).
0274   lldb::addr_t GetFileAddress() const;
0275 
0276   /// Get the load address.
0277   ///
0278   /// If an address comes from a file on disk that has section relative
0279   /// addresses, then it has a virtual address that is relative to unique
0280   /// section in the object file. Sections get resolved at runtime by
0281   /// DynamicLoader plug-ins as images (executables and shared libraries) get
0282   /// loaded/unloaded. If a section is loaded, then the load address can be
0283   /// resolved.
0284   ///
0285   /// \return
0286   ///     The valid load virtual address, or LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if
0287   ///     the address is currently not loaded.
0288   lldb::addr_t GetLoadAddress(Target *target) const;
0289 
0290   /// Get the load address as a callable code load address.
0291   ///
0292   /// This function will first resolve its address to a load address. Then, if
0293   /// the address turns out to be in code address, return the load address
0294   /// that would be required to call or return to. The address might have
0295   /// extra bits set (bit zero will be set to Thumb functions for an ARM
0296   /// target) that are required when changing the program counter to setting a
0297   /// return address.
0298   ///
0299   /// \return
0300   ///     The valid load virtual address, or LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if
0301   ///     the address is currently not loaded.
0302   lldb::addr_t GetCallableLoadAddress(Target *target,
0303                                       bool is_indirect = false) const;
0304 
0305   /// Get the load address as an opcode load address.
0306   ///
0307   /// This function will first resolve its address to a load address. Then, if
0308   /// the address turns out to be in code address, return the load address for
0309   /// an opcode. This address object might have extra bits set (bit zero will
0310   /// be set to Thumb functions for an
0311   /// ARM target) that are required for changing the program counter
0312   /// and this function will remove any bits that are intended for these
0313   /// special purposes. The result of this function can be used to safely
0314   /// write a software breakpoint trap to memory.
0315   ///
0316   /// \return
0317   ///     The valid load virtual address with extra callable bits
0318   ///     removed, or LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if the address is currently
0319   ///     not loaded.
0320   lldb::addr_t GetOpcodeLoadAddress(
0321       Target *target,
0322       AddressClass addr_class = AddressClass::eInvalid) const;
0323 
0324   /// Get the section relative offset value.
0325   ///
0326   /// \return
0327   ///     The current offset, or LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS if this address
0328   ///     doesn't contain a valid offset.
0329   lldb::addr_t GetOffset() const { return m_offset; }
0330 
0331   /// Check if an address is section offset.
0332   ///
0333   /// When converting a virtual file or load address into a section offset
0334   /// based address, we often need to know if, given a section list, if the
0335   /// address was able to be converted to section offset. This function
0336   /// returns true if the current value contained in this object is section
0337   /// offset based.
0338   ///
0339   /// \return
0340   ///     Returns \b true if the address has a valid section and
0341   ///     offset, \b false otherwise.
0342   bool IsSectionOffset() const {
0343     return IsValid() && (GetSection().get() != nullptr);
0344   }
0345 
0346   /// Check if the object state is valid.
0347   ///
0348   /// A valid Address object contains either a section pointer and
0349   /// offset (for section offset based addresses), or just a valid offset
0350   /// (for absolute addresses that have no section).
0351   ///
0352   /// \return
0353   ///     Returns \b true if the offset is valid, \b false
0354   ///     otherwise.
0355   bool IsValid() const { return m_offset != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS; }
0356 
0357   /// Get the memory cost of this object.
0358   ///
0359   /// \return
0360   ///     The number of bytes that this object occupies in memory.
0361   size_t MemorySize() const;
0362 
0363   /// Resolve a file virtual address using a section list.
0364   ///
0365   /// Given a list of sections, attempt to resolve \a addr as an offset into
0366   /// one of the file sections.
0367   ///
0368   /// \return
0369   ///     Returns \b true if \a addr was able to be resolved, \b false
0370   ///     otherwise.
0371   bool ResolveAddressUsingFileSections(lldb::addr_t addr,
0372                                        const SectionList *sections);
0373 
0374   /// Resolve this address to its containing function and optionally get
0375   /// that function's address range.
0376   ///
0377   /// \param[out] sym_ctx
0378   ///     The symbol context describing the function in which this address lies
0379   ///
0380   /// \parm[out] addr_range_ptr
0381   ///     Pointer to the AddressRange to fill in with the function's address
0382   ///     range.  Caller may pass null if they don't need the address range.
0383   ///
0384   /// \return
0385   ///     Returns \b false if the function/symbol could not be resolved
0386   ///     or if the address range was requested and could not be resolved;
0387   ///     returns \b true otherwise.
0388   bool ResolveFunctionScope(lldb_private::SymbolContext &sym_ctx,
0389                             lldb_private::AddressRange *addr_range_ptr = nullptr);
0390 
0391   /// Set the address to represent \a load_addr.
0392   ///
0393   /// The address will attempt to find a loaded section within \a target that
0394   /// contains \a load_addr. If successful, this address object will have a
0395   /// valid section and offset. Else this address object will have no section
0396   /// (NULL) and the offset will be \a load_addr.
0397   ///
0398   /// \param[in] load_addr
0399   ///     A load address from a current process.
0400   ///
0401   /// \param[in] target
0402   ///     The target to use when trying resolve the address into
0403   ///     a section + offset. The Target's SectionLoadList object
0404   ///     is used to resolve the address.
0405   ///
0406   /// \param[in] allow_section_end
0407   ///     If true, treat an address pointing to the end of the module as
0408   ///     belonging to that module.
0409   ///
0410   /// \return
0411   ///     Returns \b true if the load address was resolved to be
0412   ///     section/offset, \b false otherwise. It is often ok for an
0413   ///     address to not resolve to a section in a module, this often
0414   ///     happens for JIT'ed code, or any load addresses on the stack
0415   ///     or heap.
0416   bool SetLoadAddress(lldb::addr_t load_addr, Target *target,
0417                       bool allow_section_end = false);
0418 
0419   bool SetOpcodeLoadAddress(
0420       lldb::addr_t load_addr, Target *target,
0421       AddressClass addr_class = AddressClass::eInvalid,
0422       bool allow_section_end = false);
0423 
0424   bool SetCallableLoadAddress(lldb::addr_t load_addr, Target *target);
0425 
0426   /// Get accessor for the module for this address.
0427   ///
0428   /// \return
0429   ///     Returns the Module pointer that this address is an offset
0430   ///     in, or NULL if this address doesn't belong in a module, or
0431   ///     isn't resolved yet.
0432   lldb::ModuleSP GetModule() const;
0433 
0434   /// Get const accessor for the section.
0435   ///
0436   /// \return
0437   ///     Returns the const lldb::Section pointer that this address is an
0438   ///     offset in, or NULL if this address is absolute.
0439   lldb::SectionSP GetSection() const { return m_section_wp.lock(); }
0440 
0441   /// Set accessor for the offset.
0442   ///
0443   /// \param[in] offset
0444   ///     A new offset value for this object.
0445   ///
0446   /// \return
0447   ///     Returns \b true if the offset changed, \b false otherwise.
0448   bool SetOffset(lldb::addr_t offset) {
0449     bool changed = m_offset != offset;
0450     m_offset = offset;
0451     return changed;
0452   }
0453 
0454   void SetRawAddress(lldb::addr_t addr) {
0455     m_section_wp.reset();
0456     m_offset = addr;
0457   }
0458 
0459   bool Slide(int64_t offset) {
0460     if (m_offset != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
0461       m_offset += offset;
0462       return true;
0463     }
0464     return false;
0465   }
0466 
0467   /// Set accessor for the section.
0468   ///
0469   /// \param[in] section_sp
0470   ///     A new lldb::Section pointer to use as the section base. Can
0471   ///     be NULL for absolute addresses that are not relative to
0472   ///     any section.
0473   void SetSection(const lldb::SectionSP &section_sp) {
0474     m_section_wp = section_sp;
0475   }
0476 
0477   void ClearSection() { m_section_wp.reset(); }
0478 
0479   /// Reconstruct a symbol context from an address.
0480   ///
0481   /// This class doesn't inherit from SymbolContextScope because many address
0482   /// objects have short lifespans. Address objects that are section offset
0483   /// can reconstruct their symbol context by looking up the address in the
0484   /// module found in the section.
0485   ///
0486   /// \see SymbolContextScope::CalculateSymbolContext(SymbolContext*)
0487   uint32_t CalculateSymbolContext(SymbolContext *sc,
0488                                   lldb::SymbolContextItem resolve_scope =
0489                                       lldb::eSymbolContextEverything) const;
0490 
0491   lldb::ModuleSP CalculateSymbolContextModule() const;
0492 
0493   CompileUnit *CalculateSymbolContextCompileUnit() const;
0494 
0495   Function *CalculateSymbolContextFunction() const;
0496 
0497   Block *CalculateSymbolContextBlock() const;
0498 
0499   Symbol *CalculateSymbolContextSymbol() const;
0500 
0501   bool CalculateSymbolContextLineEntry(LineEntry &line_entry) const;
0502 
0503   // Returns true if the section should be valid, but isn't because the shared
0504   // pointer to the section can't be reconstructed from a weak pointer that
0505   // contains a valid weak reference to a section. Returns false if the section
0506   // weak pointer has no reference to a section, or if the section is still
0507   // valid
0508   bool SectionWasDeleted() const;
0509 
0510 protected:
0511   // Member variables.
0512   lldb::SectionWP m_section_wp; ///< The section for the address, can be NULL.
0513   lldb::addr_t m_offset = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS; ///< Offset into section if \a
0514                                                 ///< m_section_wp is valid...
0515 
0516   // Returns true if the m_section_wp once had a reference to a valid section
0517   // shared pointer, but no longer does. This can happen if we have an address
0518   // from a module that gets unloaded and deleted. This function should only be
0519   // called if GetSection() returns an empty shared pointer and you want to
0520   // know if this address used to have a valid section.
0521   bool SectionWasDeletedPrivate() const;
0522 };
0523 
0524 // NOTE: Be careful using this operator. It can correctly compare two
0525 // addresses from the same Module correctly. It can't compare two addresses
0526 // from different modules in any meaningful way, but it will compare the module
0527 // pointers.
0528 //
0529 // To sum things up:
0530 // - works great for addresses within the same module - it works for addresses
0531 // across multiple modules, but don't expect the
0532 //   address results to make much sense
0533 //
0534 // This basically lets Address objects be used in ordered collection classes.
0535 bool operator<(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs);
0536 bool operator>(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs);
0537 bool operator==(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs);
0538 bool operator!=(const Address &lhs, const Address &rhs);
0539 
0540 } // namespace lldb_private
0541 
0542 #endif // LLDB_CORE_ADDRESS_H