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 // Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
 // All rights reserved.
 //
 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 // met:
 //
 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 // distribution.
 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 // this software without specific prior written permission.
 //
 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 // The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
 //
 // This header file declares functions and macros used internally by
 // Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.
 
 // IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
 // IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
 // IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*
 
 #ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
 #define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
 #ifdef GTEST_OS_LINUX
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 #include <stdexcept>
 #endif
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <float.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <limits>
 #include <map>
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h"
 
 // Due to C++ preprocessor weirdness, we need double indirection to
 // concatenate two tokens when one of them is __LINE__.  Writing
 //
 //   foo ## __LINE__
 //
 // will result in the token foo__LINE__, instead of foo followed by
 // the current line number.  For more details, see
 // https://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/misc-technical-issues.html#faq-39.6
 #define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(foo, bar) GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar)
 #define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar) foo##bar
 
 // Stringifies its argument.
 // Work around a bug in visual studio which doesn't accept code like this:
 //
 //   #define GTEST_STRINGIFY_(name) #name
 //   #define MACRO(a, b, c) ... GTEST_STRINGIFY_(a) ...
 //   MACRO(, x, y)
 //
 // Complaining about the argument to GTEST_STRINGIFY_ being empty.
 // This is allowed by the spec.
 #define GTEST_STRINGIFY_HELPER_(name, ...) #name
 #define GTEST_STRINGIFY_(...) GTEST_STRINGIFY_HELPER_(__VA_ARGS__, )
 
 namespace proto2 {
 class [[nodiscard]] MessageLite;
 
 // Dummy forward declaration of `DynamicCastMessage`. Does not match any actual
 // overloads of `DynamicCastMessage`, but can be used to assist name resolution
 // in templates.
 template <typename T>
 T DynamicCastMessage() = delete;
 }
 
 namespace testing {
 
 // Forward declarations.
 
 class AssertionResult;  // Result of an assertion.
 class Message;          // Represents a failure message.
 class Test;             // Represents a test.
 class TestInfo;         // Information about a test.
 class TestPartResult;   // Result of a test part.
 class UnitTest;         // A collection of test suites.
 
 template <typename T>
 ::std::string PrintToString(const T& value);
 
 namespace internal {
 
 struct TraceInfo;    // Information about a trace point.
 class [[nodiscard]] TestInfoImpl;  // Opaque implementation of TestInfo
 class [[nodiscard]] UnitTestImpl;  // Opaque implementation of UnitTest
 
 // The text used in failure messages to indicate the start of the
 // stack trace.
 GTEST_API_ extern const char kStackTraceMarker[];
 
 // An IgnoredValue object can be implicitly constructed from ANY value.
 class [[nodiscard]] IgnoredValue {
   struct Sink {};
 
  public:
   // This constructor template allows any value to be implicitly
   // converted to IgnoredValue.  The object has no data member and
   // doesn't try to remember anything about the argument.  We
   // deliberately omit the 'explicit' keyword in order to allow the
   // conversion to be implicit.
   // Disable the conversion if T already has a magical conversion operator.
   // Otherwise we get ambiguity.
   template <typename T,
             typename std::enable_if<!std::is_convertible<T, Sink>::value,
                                     int>::type = 0>
   IgnoredValue(const T& /* ignored */) {}  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
 };
 
 // Appends the user-supplied message to the Google-Test-generated message.
 GTEST_API_ std::string AppendUserMessage(const std::string& gtest_msg,
                                          const Message& user_msg);
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(
     4275 /* an exported class was derived from a class that was not exported */)
 
 // This exception is thrown by (and only by) a failed Google Test
 // assertion when GTEST_FLAG(throw_on_failure) is true (if exceptions
 // are enabled).  We derive it from std::runtime_error, which is for
 // errors presumably detectable only at run time.  Since
 // std::runtime_error inherits from std::exception, many testing
 // frameworks know how to extract and print the message inside it.
 class GTEST_API_ [[nodiscard]] GoogleTestFailureException
     : public ::std::runtime_error {
  public:
   explicit GoogleTestFailureException(const TestPartResult& failure);
 };
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4275
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 namespace edit_distance {
 // Returns the optimal edits to go from 'left' to 'right'.
 // All edits cost the same, with replace having lower priority than
 // add/remove.
 // Simple implementation of the Wagner-Fischer algorithm.
 // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagner-Fischer_algorithm
 enum EditType { kMatch, kAdd, kRemove, kReplace };
 GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
     const std::vector<size_t>& left, const std::vector<size_t>& right);
 
 // Same as above, but the input is represented as strings.
 GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
     const std::vector<std::string>& left,
     const std::vector<std::string>& right);
 
 // Create a diff of the input strings in Unified diff format.
 GTEST_API_ std::string CreateUnifiedDiff(const std::vector<std::string>& left,
                                          const std::vector<std::string>& right,
                                          size_t context = 2);
 
 }  // namespace edit_distance
 
 // Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
 // (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
 //
 // The first four parameters are the expressions used in the assertion
 // and their values, as strings.  For example, for ASSERT_EQ(foo, bar)
 // where foo is 5 and bar is 6, we have:
 //
 //   expected_expression: "foo"
 //   actual_expression:   "bar"
 //   expected_value:      "5"
 //   actual_value:        "6"
 //
 // The ignoring_case parameter is true if and only if the assertion is a
 // *_STRCASEEQ*.  When it's true, the string " (ignoring case)" will
 // be inserted into the message.
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* expected_expression,
                                      const char* actual_expression,
                                      const std::string& expected_value,
                                      const std::string& actual_value,
                                      bool ignoring_case);
 
 // Constructs a failure message for Boolean assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE.
 GTEST_API_ std::string GetBoolAssertionFailureMessage(
     const AssertionResult& assertion_result, const char* expression_text,
     const char* actual_predicate_value, const char* expected_predicate_value);
 
 // This template class represents an IEEE floating-point number
 // (either single-precision or double-precision, depending on the
 // template parameters).
 //
 // The purpose of this class is to do more sophisticated number
 // comparison.  (Due to round-off error, etc, it's very unlikely that
 // two floating-points will be equal exactly.  Hence a naive
 // comparison by the == operation often doesn't work.)
 //
 // Format of IEEE floating-point:
 //
 //   The most-significant bit being the leftmost, an IEEE
 //   floating-point looks like
 //
 //     sign_bit exponent_bits fraction_bits
 //
 //   Here, sign_bit is a single bit that designates the sign of the
 //   number.
 //
 //   For float, there are 8 exponent bits and 23 fraction bits.
 //
 //   For double, there are 11 exponent bits and 52 fraction bits.
 //
 //   More details can be found at
 //   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_floating-point_standard.
 //
 // Template parameter:
 //
 //   RawType: the raw floating-point type (either float or double)
 template <typename RawType>
 class [[nodiscard]] FloatingPoint {
  public:
   // Defines the unsigned integer type that has the same size as the
   // floating point number.
   typedef typename TypeWithSize<sizeof(RawType)>::UInt Bits;
 
   // Constants.
 
   // # of bits in a number.
   static const size_t kBitCount = 8 * sizeof(RawType);
 
   // # of fraction bits in a number.
   static const size_t kFractionBitCount =
       std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits - 1;
 
   // # of exponent bits in a number.
   static const size_t kExponentBitCount = kBitCount - 1 - kFractionBitCount;
 
   // The mask for the sign bit.
   static const Bits kSignBitMask = static_cast<Bits>(1) << (kBitCount - 1);
 
   // The mask for the fraction bits.
   static const Bits kFractionBitMask = ~static_cast<Bits>(0) >>
                                        (kExponentBitCount + 1);
 
   // The mask for the exponent bits.
   static const Bits kExponentBitMask = ~(kSignBitMask | kFractionBitMask);
 
   // How many ULP's (Units in the Last Place) we want to tolerate when
   // comparing two numbers.  The larger the value, the more error we
   // allow.  A 0 value means that two numbers must be exactly the same
   // to be considered equal.
   //
   // The maximum error of a single floating-point operation is 0.5
   // units in the last place.  On Intel CPU's, all floating-point
   // calculations are done with 80-bit precision, while double has 64
   // bits.  Therefore, 4 should be enough for ordinary use.
   //
   // See the following article for more details on ULP:
   // https://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/
   static const uint32_t kMaxUlps = 4;
 
   // Constructs a FloatingPoint from a raw floating-point number.
   //
   // On an Intel CPU, passing a non-normalized NAN (Not a Number)
   // around may change its bits, although the new value is guaranteed
   // to be also a NAN.  Therefore, don't expect this constructor to
   // preserve the bits in x when x is a NAN.
   explicit FloatingPoint(RawType x) { memcpy(&bits_, &x, sizeof(x)); }
 
   // Static methods
 
   // Reinterprets a bit pattern as a floating-point number.
   //
   // This function is needed to test the AlmostEquals() method.
   static RawType ReinterpretBits(Bits bits) {
     RawType fp;
     memcpy(&fp, &bits, sizeof(fp));
     return fp;
   }
 
   // Returns the floating-point number that represent positive infinity.
   static RawType Infinity() { return ReinterpretBits(kExponentBitMask); }
 
   // Non-static methods
 
   // Returns the bits that represents this number.
   const Bits& bits() const { return bits_; }
 
   // Returns the exponent bits of this number.
   Bits exponent_bits() const { return kExponentBitMask & bits_; }
 
   // Returns the fraction bits of this number.
   Bits fraction_bits() const { return kFractionBitMask & bits_; }
 
   // Returns the sign bit of this number.
   Bits sign_bit() const { return kSignBitMask & bits_; }
 
   // Returns true if and only if this is NAN (not a number).
   bool is_nan() const {
     // It's a NAN if the exponent bits are all ones and the fraction
     // bits are not entirely zeros.
     return (exponent_bits() == kExponentBitMask) && (fraction_bits() != 0);
   }
 
   // Returns true if and only if this number is at most kMaxUlps ULP's away
   // from rhs.  In particular, this function:
   //
   //   - returns false if either number is (or both are) NAN.
   //   - treats really large numbers as almost equal to infinity.
   //   - thinks +0.0 and -0.0 are 0 ULP's apart.
   bool AlmostEquals(const FloatingPoint& rhs) const {
     // The IEEE standard says that any comparison operation involving
     // a NAN must return false.
     if (is_nan() || rhs.is_nan()) return false;
 
     return DistanceBetweenSignAndMagnitudeNumbers(bits_, rhs.bits_) <= kMaxUlps;
   }
 
  private:
   // Converts an integer from the sign-and-magnitude representation to
   // the biased representation.  More precisely, let N be 2 to the
   // power of (kBitCount - 1), an integer x is represented by the
   // unsigned number x + N.
   //
   // For instance,
   //
   //   -N + 1 (the most negative number representable using
   //          sign-and-magnitude) is represented by 1;
   //   0      is represented by N; and
   //   N - 1  (the biggest number representable using
   //          sign-and-magnitude) is represented by 2N - 1.
   //
   // Read https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed_number_representations
   // for more details on signed number representations.
   static Bits SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(Bits sam) {
     if (kSignBitMask & sam) {
       // sam represents a negative number.
       return ~sam + 1;
     } else {
       // sam represents a positive number.
       return kSignBitMask | sam;
     }
   }
 
   // Given two numbers in the sign-and-magnitude representation,
   // returns the distance between them as an unsigned number.
   static Bits DistanceBetweenSignAndMagnitudeNumbers(Bits sam1, Bits sam2) {
     const Bits biased1 = SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(sam1);
     const Bits biased2 = SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(sam2);
     return (biased1 >= biased2) ? (biased1 - biased2) : (biased2 - biased1);
   }
 
   Bits bits_;  // The bits that represent the number.
 };
 
 // Typedefs the instances of the FloatingPoint template class that we
 // care to use.
 typedef FloatingPoint<float> Float;
 typedef FloatingPoint<double> Double;
 
 // In order to catch the mistake of putting tests that use different
 // test fixture classes in the same test suite, we need to assign
 // unique IDs to fixture classes and compare them.  The TypeId type is
 // used to hold such IDs.  The user should treat TypeId as an opaque
 // type: the only operation allowed on TypeId values is to compare
 // them for equality using the == operator.
 typedef const void* TypeId;
 
 template <typename T>
 class [[nodiscard]] TypeIdHelper {
  public:
   // dummy_ must not have a const type.  Otherwise an overly eager
   // compiler (e.g. MSVC 7.1 & 8.0) may try to merge
   // TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ for different Ts as an "optimization".
   static bool dummy_;
 };
 
 template <typename T>
 bool TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ = false;
 
 // GetTypeId<T>() returns the ID of type T.  Different values will be
 // returned for different types.  Calling the function twice with the
 // same type argument is guaranteed to return the same ID.
 template <typename T>
 TypeId GetTypeId() {
   // The compiler is required to allocate a different
   // TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ variable for each T used to instantiate
   // the template.  Therefore, the address of dummy_ is guaranteed to
   // be unique.
   return &(TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_);
 }
 
 // Returns the type ID of ::testing::Test.  Always call this instead
 // of GetTypeId< ::testing::Test>() to get the type ID of
 // ::testing::Test, as the latter may give the wrong result due to a
 // suspected linker bug when compiling Google Test as a Mac OS X
 // framework.
 GTEST_API_ TypeId GetTestTypeId();
 
 // Defines the abstract factory interface that creates instances
 // of a Test object.
 class [[nodiscard]] TestFactoryBase {
  public:
   virtual ~TestFactoryBase() = default;
 
   // Creates a test instance to run. The instance is both created and destroyed
   // within TestInfoImpl::Run()
   virtual Test* CreateTest() = 0;
 
  protected:
   TestFactoryBase() {}
 
  private:
   TestFactoryBase(const TestFactoryBase&) = delete;
   TestFactoryBase& operator=(const TestFactoryBase&) = delete;
 };
 
 // This class provides implementation of TestFactoryBase interface.
 // It is used in TEST and TEST_F macros.
 template <class TestClass>
 class [[nodiscard]] TestFactoryImpl : public TestFactoryBase {
  public:
   Test* CreateTest() override { return new TestClass; }
 };
 
 #ifdef GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 // Predicate-formatters for implementing the HRESULT checking macros
 // {ASSERT|EXPECT}_HRESULT_{SUCCEEDED|FAILED}
 // We pass a long instead of HRESULT to avoid causing an
 // include dependency for the HRESULT type.
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsHRESULTSuccess(const char* expr,
                                             long hr);  // NOLINT
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsHRESULTFailure(const char* expr,
                                             long hr);  // NOLINT
 
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 // Types of SetUpTestSuite() and TearDownTestSuite() functions.
 using SetUpTestSuiteFunc = void (*)();
 using TearDownTestSuiteFunc = void (*)();
 
 struct CodeLocation {
   CodeLocation(std::string a_file, int a_line)
       : file(std::move(a_file)), line(a_line) {}
 
   std::string file;
   int line;
 };
 
 //  Helper to identify which setup function for TestCase / TestSuite to call.
 //  Only one function is allowed, either TestCase or TestSute but not both.
 
 // Utility functions to help SuiteApiResolver
 using SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType = void (*)();
 
 inline SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetNotDefaultOrNull(
     SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType a, SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType def) {
   return a == def ? nullptr : a;
 }
 
 template <typename T>
 //  Note that SuiteApiResolver inherits from T because
 //  SetUpTestSuite()/TearDownTestSuite() could be protected. This way
 //  SuiteApiResolver can access them.
 struct SuiteApiResolver : T {
   // testing::Test is only forward declared at this point. So we make it a
   // dependent class for the compiler to be OK with it.
   using Test =
       typename std::conditional<sizeof(T) != 0, ::testing::Test, void>::type;
 
   static SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(const char* filename,
                                                         int line_num) {
 #ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
     SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_case_fp =
         GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::SetUpTestCase, &Test::SetUpTestCase);
     SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_suite_fp =
         GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::SetUpTestSuite, &Test::SetUpTestSuite);
 
     GTEST_CHECK_(!test_case_fp || !test_suite_fp)
         << "Test can not provide both SetUpTestSuite and SetUpTestCase, please "
            "make sure there is only one present at "
         << filename << ":" << line_num;
 
     return test_case_fp != nullptr ? test_case_fp : test_suite_fp;
 #else
     (void)(filename);
     (void)(line_num);
     return &T::SetUpTestSuite;
 #endif
   }
 
   static SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(const char* filename,
                                                            int line_num) {
 #ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
     SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_case_fp =
         GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::TearDownTestCase, &Test::TearDownTestCase);
     SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_suite_fp =
         GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::TearDownTestSuite, &Test::TearDownTestSuite);
 
     GTEST_CHECK_(!test_case_fp || !test_suite_fp)
         << "Test can not provide both TearDownTestSuite and TearDownTestCase,"
            " please make sure there is only one present at"
         << filename << ":" << line_num;
 
     return test_case_fp != nullptr ? test_case_fp : test_suite_fp;
 #else
     (void)(filename);
     (void)(line_num);
     return &T::TearDownTestSuite;
 #endif
   }
 };
 
 // Creates a new TestInfo object and registers it with Google Test;
 // returns the created object.
 //
 // Arguments:
 //
 //   test_suite_name:  name of the test suite
 //   name:             name of the test
 //   type_param:       the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
 //                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
 //   value_param:      text representation of the test's value parameter,
 //                     or NULL if this is not a value-parameterized test.
 //   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
 //   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
 //   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
 //   tear_down_tc:     pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
 //   factory:          pointer to the factory that creates a test object.
 //                     The newly created TestInfo instance will assume
 //                     ownership of the factory object.
 GTEST_API_ TestInfo* MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
     std::string test_suite_name, const char* name, const char* type_param,
     const char* value_param, CodeLocation code_location,
     TypeId fixture_class_id, SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
     TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc, TestFactoryBase* factory);
 
 // If *pstr starts with the given prefix, modifies *pstr to be right
 // past the prefix and returns true; otherwise leaves *pstr unchanged
 // and returns false.  None of pstr, *pstr, and prefix can be NULL.
 GTEST_API_ bool SkipPrefix(const char* prefix, const char** pstr);
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
 /* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)
 
 // State of the definition of a type-parameterized test suite.
 class GTEST_API_ [[nodiscard]] TypedTestSuitePState {
  public:
   TypedTestSuitePState() : registered_(false) {}
 
   // Adds the given test name to defined_test_names_ and return true
   // if the test suite hasn't been registered; otherwise aborts the
   // program.
   bool AddTestName(const char* file, int line, const char* case_name,
                    const char* test_name) {
     if (registered_) {
       fprintf(stderr,
               "%s Test %s must be defined before "
               "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(%s, ...).\n",
               FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str(), test_name, case_name);
       fflush(stderr);
       posix::Abort();
     }
     registered_tests_.emplace(test_name, CodeLocation(file, line));
     return true;
   }
 
   bool TestExists(const std::string& test_name) const {
     return registered_tests_.count(test_name) > 0;
   }
 
   const CodeLocation& GetCodeLocation(const std::string& test_name) const {
     RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator it = registered_tests_.find(test_name);
     GTEST_CHECK_(it != registered_tests_.end());
     return it->second;
   }
 
   // Verifies that registered_tests match the test names in
   // defined_test_names_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
   // aborts the program otherwise.
   const char* VerifyRegisteredTestNames(const char* test_suite_name,
                                         const char* file, int line,
                                         const char* registered_tests);
 
  private:
   typedef ::std::map<std::string, CodeLocation, std::less<>> RegisteredTestsMap;
 
   bool registered_;
   RegisteredTestsMap registered_tests_;
 };
 
 //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
 #ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
 using TypedTestCasePState = TypedTestSuitePState;
 #endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
 // Skips to the first non-space char after the first comma in 'str';
 // returns NULL if no comma is found in 'str'.
 inline const char* SkipComma(const char* str) {
   const char* comma = strchr(str, ',');
   if (comma == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   while (IsSpace(*(++comma))) {
   }
   return comma;
 }
 
 // Returns the prefix of 'str' before the first comma in it; returns
 // the entire string if it contains no comma.
 inline std::string GetPrefixUntilComma(const char* str) {
   const char* comma = strchr(str, ',');
   return comma == nullptr ? str : std::string(str, comma);
 }
 
 // Splits a given string on a given delimiter, populating a given
 // vector with the fields.
 void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
                  ::std::vector<::std::string>* dest);
 
 // The default argument to the template below for the case when the user does
 // not provide a name generator.
 struct DefaultNameGenerator {
   template <typename T>
   static std::string GetName(int i) {
     return StreamableToString(i);
   }
 };
 
 template <typename Provided = DefaultNameGenerator>
 struct NameGeneratorSelector {
   typedef Provided type;
 };
 
 template <typename NameGenerator>
 void GenerateNamesRecursively(internal::None, std::vector<std::string>*, int) {}
 
 template <typename NameGenerator, typename Types>
 void GenerateNamesRecursively(Types, std::vector<std::string>* result, int i) {
   result->push_back(NameGenerator::template GetName<typename Types::Head>(i));
   GenerateNamesRecursively<NameGenerator>(typename Types::Tail(), result,
                                           i + 1);
 }
 
 template <typename NameGenerator, typename Types>
 std::vector<std::string> GenerateNames() {
   std::vector<std::string> result;
   GenerateNamesRecursively<NameGenerator>(Types(), &result, 0);
   return result;
 }
 
 // TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, Types>::Register()
 // registers a list of type-parameterized tests with Google Test.  The
 // return value is insignificant - we just need to return something
 // such that we can call this function in a namespace scope.
 //
 // Implementation note: The GTEST_TEMPLATE_ macro declares a template
 // template parameter.  It's defined in gtest-type-util.h.
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel, typename Types>
 class [[nodiscard]] TypeParameterizedTest {
  public:
   // 'index' is the index of the test in the type list 'Types'
   // specified in INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Prefix, TestSuite,
   // Types).  Valid values for 'index' are [0, N - 1] where N is the
   // length of Types.
   static bool Register(const char* prefix, CodeLocation code_location,
                        const char* case_name, const char* test_names, int index,
                        const std::vector<std::string>& type_names =
                            GenerateNames<DefaultNameGenerator, Types>()) {
     typedef typename Types::Head Type;
     typedef Fixture<Type> FixtureClass;
     typedef typename GTEST_BIND_(TestSel, Type) TestClass;
 
     // First, registers the first type-parameterized test in the type
     // list.
     MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
         (std::string(prefix) + (prefix[0] == '\0' ? "" : "/") + case_name +
          "/" + type_names[static_cast<size_t>(index)]),
         StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names)).c_str(),
         GetTypeName<Type>().c_str(),
         nullptr,  // No value parameter.
         code_location, GetTypeId<FixtureClass>(),
         SuiteApiResolver<TestClass>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(
             code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line),
         SuiteApiResolver<TestClass>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(
             code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line),
         new TestFactoryImpl<TestClass>);
 
     // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the type list.
     return TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, typename Types::Tail>::
         Register(prefix, std::move(code_location), case_name, test_names,
                  index + 1, type_names);
   }
 };
 
 // The base case for the compile time recursion.
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel>
 class [[nodiscard]] TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, internal::None> {
  public:
   static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, CodeLocation,
                        const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
                        int /*index*/,
                        const std::vector<std::string>& =
                            std::vector<std::string>() /*type_names*/) {
     return true;
   }
 };
 
 GTEST_API_ void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuite(const char* test_suite_name,
                                                    CodeLocation code_location);
 GTEST_API_ void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuiteInstantiation(
     const char* case_name);
 
 // TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, Tests, Types>::Register()
 // registers *all combinations* of 'Tests' and 'Types' with Google
 // Test.  The return value is insignificant - we just need to return
 // something such that we can call this function in a namespace scope.
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Tests, typename Types>
 class [[nodiscard]] TypeParameterizedTestSuite {
  public:
   static bool Register(const char* prefix, CodeLocation code_location,
                        const TypedTestSuitePState* state, const char* case_name,
                        const char* test_names,
                        const std::vector<std::string>& type_names =
                            GenerateNames<DefaultNameGenerator, Types>()) {
     RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuiteInstantiation(case_name);
     std::string test_name =
         StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names));
     if (!state->TestExists(test_name)) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get code location for test %s.%s at %s.",
               case_name, test_name.c_str(),
               FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line)
                   .c_str());
       fflush(stderr);
       posix::Abort();
     }
     const CodeLocation& test_location = state->GetCodeLocation(test_name);
 
     typedef typename Tests::Head Head;
 
     // First, register the first test in 'Test' for each type in 'Types'.
     TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, Head, Types>::Register(
         prefix, test_location, case_name, test_names, 0, type_names);
 
     // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the test list.
     return TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, typename Tests::Tail,
                                       Types>::Register(prefix,
                                                        std::move(code_location),
                                                        state, case_name,
                                                        SkipComma(test_names),
                                                        type_names);
   }
 };
 
 // The base case for the compile time recursion.
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Types>
 class [[nodiscard]] TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, internal::None, Types> {
  public:
   static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const CodeLocation&,
                        const TypedTestSuitePState* /*state*/,
                        const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
                        const std::vector<std::string>& =
                            std::vector<std::string>() /*type_names*/) {
     return true;
   }
 };
 
 // Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
 //
 // The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
 // the gtest_stack_trace_depth flag.  The skip_count parameter
 // specifies the number of top frames to be skipped, which doesn't
 // count against the number of frames to be included.
 //
 // For example, if Foo() calls Bar(), which in turn calls
 // GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(..., 1), Foo() will be included in
 // the trace but Bar() and GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
 GTEST_API_ std::string GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(int skip_count);
 
 // Helpers for suppressing warnings on unreachable code or constant
 // condition.
 
 // Always returns true.
 GTEST_API_ bool AlwaysTrue();
 
 // Always returns false.
 inline bool AlwaysFalse() { return !AlwaysTrue(); }
 
 // Helper for suppressing false warning from Clang on a const char*
 // variable declared in a conditional expression always being NULL in
 // the else branch.
 struct GTEST_API_ ConstCharPtr {
   ConstCharPtr(const char* str) : value(str) {}
   operator bool() const { return true; }
   const char* value;
 };
 
 // Helper for declaring std::string within 'if' statement
 // in pre C++17 build environment.
 struct TrueWithString {
   TrueWithString() = default;
   explicit TrueWithString(const char* str) : value(str) {}
   explicit TrueWithString(const std::string& str) : value(str) {}
   explicit operator bool() const { return true; }
   std::string value;
 };
 
 // A simple Linear Congruential Generator for generating random
 // numbers with a uniform distribution.  Unlike rand() and srand(), it
 // doesn't use global state (and therefore can't interfere with user
 // code).  Unlike rand_r(), it's portable.  An LCG isn't very random,
 // but it's good enough for our purposes.
 class GTEST_API_ [[nodiscard]] Random {
  public:
   static const uint32_t kMaxRange = 1u << 31;
 
   explicit Random(uint32_t seed) : state_(seed) {}
 
   void Reseed(uint32_t seed) { state_ = seed; }
 
   // Generates a random number from [0, range).  Crashes if 'range' is
   // 0 or greater than kMaxRange.
   uint32_t Generate(uint32_t range);
 
  private:
   uint32_t state_;
   Random(const Random&) = delete;
   Random& operator=(const Random&) = delete;
 };
 
 // Turns const U&, U&, const U, and U all into U.
 #define GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(T) \
   typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type
 
 // HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString<T>::value is a compile-time bool constant
 // that's true if and only if T has methods DebugString() and ShortDebugString()
 // that return std::string.
 template <typename T>
 class [[nodiscard]] HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString {
  private:
   template <typename C>
   static auto CheckDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
       std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().DebugString())>::type;
   template <typename>
   static std::false_type CheckDebugString(...);
 
   template <typename C>
   static auto CheckShortDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
       std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().ShortDebugString())>::type;
   template <typename>
   static std::false_type CheckShortDebugString(...);
 
   using HasDebugStringType = decltype(CheckDebugString<T>(nullptr));
   using HasShortDebugStringType = decltype(CheckShortDebugString<T>(nullptr));
 
  public:
   static constexpr bool value =
       HasDebugStringType::value && HasShortDebugStringType::value;
 };
 
 // When the compiler sees expression IsContainerTest<C>(0), if C is an
 // STL-style container class, the first overload of IsContainerTest
 // will be viable (since both C::iterator* and C::const_iterator* are
 // valid types and NULL can be implicitly converted to them).  It will
 // be picked over the second overload as 'int' is a perfect match for
 // the type of argument 0.  If C::iterator or C::const_iterator is not
 // a valid type, the first overload is not viable, and the second
 // overload will be picked.  Therefore, we can determine whether C is
 // a container class by checking the type of IsContainerTest<C>(0).
 // The value of the expression is insignificant.
 //
 // In C++11 mode we check the existence of a const_iterator and that an
 // iterator is properly implemented for the container.
 //
 // For pre-C++11 that we look for both C::iterator and C::const_iterator.
 // The reason is that C++ injects the name of a class as a member of the
 // class itself (e.g. you can refer to class iterator as either
 // 'iterator' or 'iterator::iterator').  If we look for C::iterator
 // only, for example, we would mistakenly think that a class named
 // iterator is an STL container.
 //
 // Also note that the simpler approach of overloading
 // IsContainerTest(typename C::const_iterator*) and
 // IsContainerTest(...) doesn't work with Visual Age C++ and Sun C++.
 typedef int IsContainer;
 template <class C,
           class Iterator = decltype(::std::declval<const C&>().begin()),
           class = decltype(::std::declval<const C&>().end()),
           class = decltype(++::std::declval<Iterator&>()),
           class = decltype(*::std::declval<Iterator>()),
           class = typename C::const_iterator>
 IsContainer IsContainerTest(int /* dummy */) {
   return 0;
 }
 
 typedef char IsNotContainer;
 template <class C>
 IsNotContainer IsContainerTest(long /* dummy */) {
   return '\0';
 }
 
 // Trait to detect whether a type T is a hash table.
 // The heuristic used is that the type contains an inner type `hasher` and does
 // not contain an inner type `reverse_iterator`.
 // If the container is iterable in reverse, then order might actually matter.
 template <typename T>
 struct IsHashTable {
  private:
   template <typename U>
   static char test(typename U::hasher*, typename U::reverse_iterator*);
   template <typename U>
   static int test(typename U::hasher*, ...);
   template <typename U>
   static char test(...);
 
  public:
   static const bool value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr, nullptr)) == sizeof(int);
 };
 
 template <typename T>
 const bool IsHashTable<T>::value;
 
 template <typename C,
           bool = sizeof(IsContainerTest<C>(0)) == sizeof(IsContainer)>
 struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl;
 
 template <typename C>
 struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C, false> : public std::false_type {};
 
 // Since the IsRecursiveContainerImpl depends on the IsContainerTest we need to
 // obey the same inconsistencies as the IsContainerTest, namely check if
 // something is a container is relying on only const_iterator in C++11 and
 // is relying on both const_iterator and iterator otherwise
 template <typename C>
 struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C, true> {
   using value_type = decltype(*std::declval<typename C::const_iterator>());
   using type =
       std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<
                        typename std::remove_reference<value_type>::type>::type,
                    C>;
 };
 
 // IsRecursiveContainer<Type> is a unary compile-time predicate that
 // evaluates whether C is a recursive container type. A recursive container
 // type is a container type whose value_type is equal to the container type
 // itself. An example for a recursive container type is
 // boost::filesystem::path, whose iterator has a value_type that is equal to
 // boost::filesystem::path.
 template <typename C>
 struct IsRecursiveContainer : public IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C>::type {};
 
 // Utilities for native arrays.
 
 // ArrayEq() compares two k-dimensional native arrays using the
 // elements' operator==, where k can be any integer >= 0.  When k is
 // 0, ArrayEq() degenerates into comparing a single pair of values.
 
 template <typename T, typename U>
 bool ArrayEq(const T* lhs, size_t size, const U* rhs);
 
 // This generic version is used when k is 0.
 template <typename T, typename U>
 inline bool ArrayEq(const T& lhs, const U& rhs) {
   return lhs == rhs;
 }
 
 // This overload is used when k >= 1.
 template <typename T, typename U, size_t N>
 inline bool ArrayEq(const T (&lhs)[N], const U (&rhs)[N]) {
   return internal::ArrayEq(lhs, N, rhs);
 }
 
 // This helper reduces code bloat.  If we instead put its logic inside
 // the previous ArrayEq() function, arrays with different sizes would
 // lead to different copies of the template code.
 template <typename T, typename U>
 bool ArrayEq(const T* lhs, size_t size, const U* rhs) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i != size; i++) {
     if (!internal::ArrayEq(lhs[i], rhs[i])) return false;
   }
   return true;
 }
 
 // Finds the first element in the iterator range [begin, end) that
 // equals elem.  Element may be a native array type itself.
 template <typename Iter, typename Element>
 Iter ArrayAwareFind(Iter begin, Iter end, const Element& elem) {
   for (Iter it = begin; it != end; ++it) {
     if (internal::ArrayEq(*it, elem)) return it;
   }
   return end;
 }
 
 // CopyArray() copies a k-dimensional native array using the elements'
 // operator=, where k can be any integer >= 0.  When k is 0,
 // CopyArray() degenerates into copying a single value.
 
 template <typename T, typename U>
 void CopyArray(const T* from, size_t size, U* to);
 
 // This generic version is used when k is 0.
 template <typename T, typename U>
 inline void CopyArray(const T& from, U* to) {
   *to = from;
 }
 
 // This overload is used when k >= 1.
 template <typename T, typename U, size_t N>
 inline void CopyArray(const T (&from)[N], U (*to)[N]) {
   internal::CopyArray(from, N, *to);
 }
 
 // This helper reduces code bloat.  If we instead put its logic inside
 // the previous CopyArray() function, arrays with different sizes
 // would lead to different copies of the template code.
 template <typename T, typename U>
 void CopyArray(const T* from, size_t size, U* to) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i != size; i++) {
     internal::CopyArray(from[i], to + i);
   }
 }
 
 // The relation between an NativeArray object (see below) and the
 // native array it represents.
 // We use 2 different structs to allow non-copyable types to be used, as long
 // as RelationToSourceReference() is passed.
 struct RelationToSourceReference {};
 struct RelationToSourceCopy {};
 
 // Adapts a native array to a read-only STL-style container.  Instead
 // of the complete STL container concept, this adaptor only implements
 // members useful for Google Mock's container matchers.  New members
 // should be added as needed.  To simplify the implementation, we only
 // support Element being a raw type (i.e. having no top-level const or
 // reference modifier).  It's the client's responsibility to satisfy
 // this requirement.  Element can be an array type itself (hence
 // multi-dimensional arrays are supported).
 template <typename Element>
 class [[nodiscard]] NativeArray {
  public:
   // STL-style container typedefs.
   typedef Element value_type;
   typedef Element* iterator;
   typedef const Element* const_iterator;
 
   // Constructs from a native array. References the source.
   NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceReference) {
     InitRef(array, count);
   }
 
   // Constructs from a native array. Copies the source.
   NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceCopy) {
     InitCopy(array, count);
   }
 
   // Copy constructor.
   NativeArray(const NativeArray& rhs) {
     (this->*rhs.clone_)(rhs.array_, rhs.size_);
   }
 
   ~NativeArray() {
     if (clone_ != &NativeArray::InitRef) delete[] array_;
   }
 
   // STL-style container methods.
   size_t size() const { return size_; }
   const_iterator begin() const { return array_; }
   const_iterator end() const { return array_ + size_; }
   bool operator==(const NativeArray& rhs) const {
     return size() == rhs.size() && ArrayEq(begin(), size(), rhs.begin());
   }
 
  private:
   static_assert(!std::is_const<Element>::value, "Type must not be const");
   static_assert(!std::is_reference<Element>::value,
                 "Type must not be a reference");
 
   // Initializes this object with a copy of the input.
   void InitCopy(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
     Element* const copy = new Element[a_size];
     CopyArray(array, a_size, copy);
     array_ = copy;
     size_ = a_size;
     clone_ = &NativeArray::InitCopy;
   }
 
   // Initializes this object with a reference of the input.
   void InitRef(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
     array_ = array;
     size_ = a_size;
     clone_ = &NativeArray::InitRef;
   }
 
   const Element* array_;
   size_t size_;
   void (NativeArray::*clone_)(const Element*, size_t);
 };
 
 template <size_t>
 struct Ignore {
   Ignore(...);  // NOLINT
 };
 
 template <typename>
 struct ElemFromListImpl;
 template <size_t... I>
 struct ElemFromListImpl<std::index_sequence<I...>> {
   // We make Ignore a template to solve a problem with MSVC.
   // A non-template Ignore would work fine with `decltype(Ignore(I))...`, but
   // MSVC doesn't understand how to deal with that pack expansion.
   // Use `0 * I` to have a single instantiation of Ignore.
   template <typename R>
   static R Apply(Ignore<0 * I>..., R (*)(), ...);
 };
 
 template <size_t N, typename... T>
 struct ElemFromList {
   using type = decltype(ElemFromListImpl<std::make_index_sequence<N>>::Apply(
       static_cast<T (*)()>(nullptr)...));
 };
 
 struct FlatTupleConstructTag {};
 
 template <typename... T>
 class [[nodiscard]] FlatTuple;
 
 template <typename Derived, size_t I>
 struct FlatTupleElemBase;
 
 template <typename... T, size_t I>
 struct FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I> {
   using value_type = typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type;
   FlatTupleElemBase() = default;
   template <typename Arg>
   explicit FlatTupleElemBase(FlatTupleConstructTag, Arg&& t)
       : value(std::forward<Arg>(t)) {}
   value_type value;
 };
 
 template <typename Derived, typename Idx>
 struct FlatTupleBase;
 
 template <size_t... Idx, typename... T>
 struct FlatTupleBase<FlatTuple<T...>, std::index_sequence<Idx...>>
     : FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, Idx>... {
   using Indices = std::index_sequence<Idx...>;
   FlatTupleBase() = default;
   template <typename... Args>
   explicit FlatTupleBase(FlatTupleConstructTag, Args&&... args)
       : FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, Idx>(FlatTupleConstructTag{},
                                                 std::forward<Args>(args))... {}
 
   template <size_t I>
   const typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type& Get() const {
     return FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I>::value;
   }
 
   template <size_t I>
   typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type& Get() {
     return FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I>::value;
   }
 
   template <typename F>
   auto Apply(F&& f) -> decltype(std::forward<F>(f)(this->Get<Idx>()...)) {
     return std::forward<F>(f)(Get<Idx>()...);
   }
 
   template <typename F>
   auto Apply(F&& f) const -> decltype(std::forward<F>(f)(this->Get<Idx>()...)) {
     return std::forward<F>(f)(Get<Idx>()...);
   }
 };
 
 // Analog to std::tuple but with different tradeoffs.
 // This class minimizes the template instantiation depth, thus allowing more
 // elements than std::tuple would. std::tuple has been seen to require an
 // instantiation depth of more than 10x the number of elements in some
 // implementations.
 // FlatTuple and ElemFromList are not recursive and have a fixed depth
 // regardless of T...
 // std::make_index_sequence, on the other hand, it is recursive but with an
 // instantiation depth of O(ln(N)).
 template <typename... T>
 class [[nodiscard]] FlatTuple
     : private FlatTupleBase<FlatTuple<T...>,
                             std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(T)>> {
   using Indices =
       typename FlatTupleBase<FlatTuple<T...>,
                              std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(T)>>::Indices;
 
  public:
   FlatTuple() = default;
   template <typename... Args>
   explicit FlatTuple(FlatTupleConstructTag tag, Args&&... args)
       : FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase(tag, std::forward<Args>(args)...) {}
 
   using FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase::Apply;
   using FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase::Get;
 };
 
 // Utility functions to be called with static_assert to induce deprecation
 // warnings.
 [[deprecated(
     "INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
     "INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P")]]
 constexpr bool InstantiateTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() {
   return true;
 }
 
 [[deprecated(
     "TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
     "TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")]]
 constexpr bool TypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() {
   return true;
 }
 
 [[deprecated(
     "TYPED_TEST_CASE is deprecated, please use "
     "TYPED_TEST_SUITE")]]
 constexpr bool TypedTestCaseIsDeprecated() {
   return true;
 }
 
 [[deprecated(
     "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
     "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")]]
 constexpr bool RegisterTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() {
   return true;
 }
 
 [[deprecated(
     "INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
     "INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")]]
 constexpr bool InstantiateTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() {
   return true;
 }
 
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
 namespace std {
 // Some standard library implementations use `struct tuple_size` and some use
 // `class tuple_size`. Clang warns about the mismatch.
 // https://reviews.llvm.org/D55466
 #ifdef __clang__
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
 #endif
 template <typename... Ts>
 struct tuple_size<testing::internal::FlatTuple<Ts...>>
     : std::integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(Ts)> {};
 #ifdef __clang__
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
 #endif
 }  // namespace std
 
 #define GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, message, result_type)             \
   ::testing::internal::AssertHelper(result_type, file, line, message) = \
       ::testing::Message()
 
 #define GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, result_type) \
   GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(__FILE__, __LINE__, message, result_type)
 
 #define GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_(message) \
   return GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure)
 
 #define GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_(message) \
   GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure)
 
 #define GTEST_SUCCESS_(message) \
   GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kSuccess)
 
 #define GTEST_SKIP_(message) \
   return GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kSkip)
 
 // Suppress MSVC warning 4072 (unreachable code) for the code following
 // statement if it returns or throws (or doesn't return or throw in some
 // situations).
 // NOTE: The "else" is important to keep this expansion to prevent a top-level
 // "else" from attaching to our "if".
 #define GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement) \
   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                        \
     statement;                                                    \
   } else                     /* NOLINT */                         \
     static_assert(true, "")  // User must have a semicolon after expansion.
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
 class [[nodiscard]] NeverThrown {
  public:
   const char* what() const noexcept {
     return "this exception should never be thrown";
   }
 };
 
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
 
 #define GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e) ::testing::internal::GetTypeName(typeid(e))
 
 #else  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
 
 #define GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e) \
   std::string { "an std::exception-derived error" }
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)   \
   catch (typename std::conditional<                                            \
          std::is_same<typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<  \
                           expected_exception>::type>::type,                    \
                       std::exception>::value,                                  \
          const ::testing::internal::NeverThrown&, const std::exception&>::type \
              e) {                                                              \
     gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                                  \
                       " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception      \
                       ".\n  Actual: it throws ";                               \
     gtest_msg.value += GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e);                               \
     gtest_msg.value += " with description \"";                                 \
     gtest_msg.value += e.what();                                               \
     gtest_msg.value += "\".";                                                  \
     goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);                \
   }
 
 #else  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, fail)              \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                             \
   if (::testing::internal::TrueWithString gtest_msg{}) {                    \
     bool gtest_caught_expected = false;                                     \
     try {                                                                   \
       GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);            \
     } catch (expected_exception const&) {                                   \
       gtest_caught_expected = true;                                         \
     }                                                                       \
     GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)    \
     catch (...) {                                                           \
       gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                             \
                         " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception \
                         ".\n  Actual: it throws a different type.";         \
       goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);           \
     }                                                                       \
     if (!gtest_caught_expected) {                                           \
       gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                             \
                         " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception \
                         ".\n  Actual: it throws nothing.";                  \
       goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);           \
     }                                                                       \
   } else /*NOLINT*/                                                         \
     GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__)                   \
         : fail(gtest_msg.value.c_str())
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()                \
   catch (std::exception const& e) {                               \
     gtest_msg.value = "it throws ";                               \
     gtest_msg.value += GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e);                  \
     gtest_msg.value += " with description \"";                    \
     gtest_msg.value += e.what();                                  \
     gtest_msg.value += "\".";                                     \
     goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__); \
   }
 
 #else  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, fail)                            \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                          \
   if (::testing::internal::TrueWithString gtest_msg{}) {                 \
     try {                                                                \
       GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);         \
     }                                                                    \
     GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()                           \
     catch (...) {                                                        \
       gtest_msg.value = "it throws.";                                    \
       goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__);      \
     }                                                                    \
   } else                                                                 \
     GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__)              \
         : fail(("Expected: " #statement " doesn't throw an exception.\n" \
                 "  Actual: " +                                           \
                 gtest_msg.value)                                         \
                    .c_str())
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, fail)                       \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                      \
   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                           \
     bool gtest_caught_any = false;                                   \
     try {                                                            \
       GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);     \
     } catch (...) {                                                  \
       gtest_caught_any = true;                                       \
     }                                                                \
     if (!gtest_caught_any) {                                         \
       goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testanythrow_, __LINE__); \
     }                                                                \
   } else                                                             \
     GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testanythrow_, __LINE__)         \
         : fail("Expected: " #statement                               \
                " throws an exception.\n"                             \
                "  Actual: it doesn't.")
 
 // Implements Boolean test assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE. expression can be
 // either a boolean expression or an AssertionResult. text is a textual
 // representation of expression as it was passed into the EXPECT_TRUE.
 #define GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(expression, text, actual, expected, fail)      \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                            \
   if (const ::testing::internal::AssertionResultExpectation gtest_are_ = { \
           ::testing::AssertionResult(expression), expected})               \
     ;                                                                      \
   else /* NOLINT */                                                        \
     fail(::testing::internal::GetBoolAssertionFailureMessage(              \
         gtest_are_.assertion_result, text, #actual, #expected))
 
 #define GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, fail)               \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                     \
   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                          \
     const ::testing::internal::HasNewFatalFailureHelper             \
         gtest_fatal_failure_checker;                                \
     GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);      \
     if (gtest_fatal_failure_checker.has_new_fatal_failure()) {      \
       goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnofatal_, __LINE__); \
     }                                                               \
   } else /* NOLINT */                                               \
     GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnofatal_, __LINE__)         \
         : fail("Expected: " #statement                              \
                " doesn't generate new fatal "                       \
                "failures in the current thread.\n"                  \
                "  Actual: it does.")
 
 // Expands to the name of the class that implements the given test.
 #define GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) \
   test_suite_name##_##test_name##_Test
 
 // Helper macro for defining tests.
 #define GTEST_TEST_(test_suite_name, test_name, parent_class, parent_id)       \
   static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_suite_name)) > 1,                 \
                 "test_suite_name must not be empty");                          \
   static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_name)) > 1,                       \
                 "test_name must not be empty");                                \
   class GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                     \
       : public parent_class {                                                  \
    public:                                                                     \
     GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)() = default;            \
     ~GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)() override = default;  \
     GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                         \
     (const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) &) = delete;     \
     GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) & operator=(            \
         const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                          \
                                      test_name) &) = delete; /* NOLINT */      \
     GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                         \
     (GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) &&) noexcept = delete; \
     GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) & operator=(            \
         GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                                \
                                test_name) &&) noexcept = delete; /* NOLINT */  \
                                                                                \
    private:                                                                    \
     void TestBody() override;                                                  \
     [[maybe_unused]] static ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info_;             \
   };                                                                           \
                                                                                \
   ::testing::TestInfo* const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,           \
                                                     test_name)::test_info_ =   \
       ::testing::internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(                            \
           #test_suite_name, #test_name, nullptr, nullptr,                      \
           ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), (parent_id),  \
           ::testing::internal::SuiteApiResolver<                               \
               parent_class>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(__FILE__, __LINE__),          \
           ::testing::internal::SuiteApiResolver<                               \
               parent_class>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(__FILE__, __LINE__),       \
           new ::testing::internal::TestFactoryImpl<GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(     \
               test_suite_name, test_name)>);                                   \
   void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)::TestBody()
 
 #endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_

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