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 // This file is part of the Acts project.
 //
 // Copyright (C) 2016-2018 CERN for the benefit of the Acts project
 //
 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 // License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 // file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
 #pragma once
 // STL include(s)
 #include <cassert>
 #include <ctime>
 #include <exception>
 #include <functional>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <thread>
 #include <utility>
 
 /// @defgroup Logging Logging
 
 // clang-format off
 /// @brief macro to use a local Acts::Logger object
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param log_object logger instance of type
 //         <tt>std::unique_ptr<const Acts::Logger></tt>
 ///
 /// @pre In the current scope, the symbol @c logger is not yet defined.
 /// @post The ownership of the given @c log_object is transferred and
 ///       @c log_object should not be used directly any more.
 ///
 /// This macro allows to use a locally defined logging object with the ACTS_*
 /// logging macros. The envisaged usage is the following:
 ///
 /// @code{.cpp}
 /// void myFunction() {
 ///    std::unique_ptr<const Acts::Logger> myLogger
 ///        = /* .. your initialization .. */;
 ///    ACTS_LOCAL_LOGGER(std::move(myLogger));
 ///
 ///    ACTS_VERBOSE("hello world!");
 /// }
 /// @endcode
 #define ACTS_LOCAL_LOGGER(log_object)                                          \
   struct __local_acts_logger                                                   \
   {                                                                            \
     __local_acts_logger(std::unique_ptr<const ::Acts::Logger> logger):         \
       m_logger(std::move(logger))                                              \
     {}                                                                         \
                                                                                \
     const ::Acts::Logger& operator()() const                                   \
     {                                                                          \
       return *m_logger;                                                        \
     }                                                                          \
                                                                                \
     std::unique_ptr<const ::Acts::Logger> m_logger;                            \
   };                                                                           \
   __local_acts_logger logger(log_object);
 
 // Debug level agnostic implementation of the ACTS_XYZ logging macros
 #define ACTS_LOG(level, x)                                                     \
   if (logger().doPrint(level)) {                                               \
     std::ostringstream os;                                                     \
     os << x;                                                                   \
     logger().log(level, os.str());                                             \
   }
 
 /// @brief macro for verbose debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::VERBOSE.
 #define ACTS_VERBOSE(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::VERBOSE, x)
 
 /// @brief macro for debug debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::DEBUG.
 #define ACTS_DEBUG(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::DEBUG, x)
 
 /// @brief macro for info debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::INFO.
 #define ACTS_INFO(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::INFO, x)
 
 /// @brief macro for warning debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::WARNING.
 #define ACTS_WARNING(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::WARNING, x)
 
 /// @brief macro for error debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::ERROR.
 #define ACTS_ERROR(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::ERROR, x)
 
 /// @brief macro for fatal debug output
 /// @ingroup Logging
 ///
 /// @param x debug message
 ///
 /// @pre @c logger() must be a valid expression in the scope where this
 ///      macro is used and it must return a Acts::Logger object.
 ///
 /// The debug message is printed if the current Acts::Logging::Level <=
 /// Acts::Logging::FATAL.
 #define ACTS_FATAL(x)  ACTS_LOG(Acts::Logging::FATAL, x)
 // clang-format on
 
 namespace Acts {
 
 /// @brief debug output related helper classes and functions
 /// @ingroup Logging
 namespace Logging {
 /// @brief constants steering the debug output
 ///
 /// All messages with a debug level equal or higher than the currently set
 /// debug output level will be printed.
 enum Level {
   VERBOSE = 0,  ///< VERBOSE level
   DEBUG,        ///< DEBUG level
   INFO,         ///< INFO level
   WARNING,      ///< WARNING level
   ERROR,        ///< ERROR level
   FATAL,        ///< FATAL level
   MAX           ///< Must be kept above the maximum supported debug level
 };
 
 inline std::string_view levelName(Level level) {
   switch (level) {
     case Level::VERBOSE:
       return "VERBOSE";
     case Level::DEBUG:
       return "DEBUG";
     case Level::INFO:
       return "INFO";
     case Level::WARNING:
       return "WARNING";
     case Level::ERROR:
       return "ERROR";
     case Level::FATAL:
       return "FATAL";
     case Level::MAX:
       return "MAX";
     default:
       throw std::invalid_argument{"Unknown level"};
   }
 }
 
 #ifdef DOXYGEN
 /// @brief Get debug level above which an exception will be thrown after logging
 ///
 /// All messages with a debug level equal or higher than the return value of
 /// this function will cause an exception to be thrown after log emission.
 ///
 /// @note Depending on preprocessor settings @c ACTS_ENABLE_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD
 ///       and @c ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD, this operations is either constexpr
 ///       or a runtime operation.
 Level getFailureThreshold();
 
 #else
 
 #ifdef ACTS_ENABLE_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD
 #ifdef ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD
 // We have a fixed compile time log failure threshold
 constexpr Level getFailureThreshold() {
   return Level::ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD;
 }
 #else
 Level getFailureThreshold();
 #endif
 #else
 constexpr Level getFailureThreshold() {
   // Default "NO" failure threshold
   return Level::MAX;
 }
 #endif
 
 #endif
 
 /// @brief Set debug level above which an exception will be thrown after logging
 ///
 /// All messages with a debug level equal or higher than @p level will
 /// cause an exception to be thrown after log emission.
 ///
 /// @warning The runtime log failure threshold is **global state**, therefore
 ///          this function is  **not threadsafe**. The intention is that this
 ///          level is set once, before multi-threaded execution begins, and then
 ///          not modified before the end of the job.
 /// @note This function is only available if @c ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD is
 ///       unset, i.e. no compile-time threshold is used. Otherwise an
 ///       exception is thrown.
 void setFailureThreshold(Level level);
 
 /// Custom exception class so threshold failures can be caught
 class ThresholdFailure : public std::runtime_error {
   using std::runtime_error::runtime_error;
 };
 
 /// Helper class that changes the failure threshold for the duration of its
 /// lifetime.
 class ScopedFailureThreshold {
  public:
   ScopedFailureThreshold(Level level) : m_previousLevel(getFailureThreshold()) {
     setFailureThreshold(level);
   }
   ~ScopedFailureThreshold() { setFailureThreshold(m_previousLevel); }
 
  private:
   Level m_previousLevel;
 };
 
 /// @brief abstract base class for printing debug output
 ///
 /// Implementations of this interface need to define how and where to @a print
 /// debug messages (e.g. to a file, to a stream into a database etc).
 class OutputPrintPolicy {
  public:
   /// virtual default destructor
   virtual ~OutputPrintPolicy() = default;
 
   /// @brief handle output of debug message
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug output level of message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   virtual void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) = 0;
 
   /// Return the name of the print policy
   /// @return the name
   virtual const std::string& name() const = 0;
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @param name the new name
   /// @return the copy
   virtual std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& name) const = 0;
 };
 
 /// @brief abstract base class for filtering debug output
 ///
 /// Implementations of this interface need to define whether a debug message
 /// with a certain debug level is processed or filtered out.
 class OutputFilterPolicy {
  public:
   /// virtual default destructor
   virtual ~OutputFilterPolicy() = default;
 
   /// @brief decide whether a debug message should be processed
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl debug level of debug message
   ///
   /// @return @c true of debug message should be processed, @c false if debug
   ///         message should be skipped
   virtual bool doPrint(const Level& lvl) const = 0;
 
   /// Get the level of this filter policy
   /// @return the levele
   virtual Level level() const = 0;
 
   /// Make a copy of this filter policy with a new level
   /// @param level the new level
   /// @return the new copy
   virtual std::unique_ptr<OutputFilterPolicy> clone(Level level) const = 0;
 };
 
 /// @brief default filter policy for debug messages
 ///
 /// All debug messages with a debug level equal or larger to the specified
 /// threshold level are processed.
 class DefaultFilterPolicy final : public OutputFilterPolicy {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl threshold debug level
   explicit DefaultFilterPolicy(Level lvl) : m_level(lvl) {
     if (lvl > getFailureThreshold()) {
       throw ThresholdFailure(
           "Requested debug level is incompatible with "
           "the ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD=" +
           std::string{levelName(getFailureThreshold())} +
           " configuration. See "
           "https://acts.readthedocs.io/en/latest/core/misc/"
           "logging.html#logging-thresholds");
     }
   }
 
   /// virtual default destructor
   ~DefaultFilterPolicy() override = default;
 
   /// @brief decide whether a debug message should be processed
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl debug level of debug message
   ///
   /// @return @c true if @p lvl >= #m_level, otherwise @c false
   bool doPrint(const Level& lvl) const override { return m_level <= lvl; }
 
   /// Get the level of this filter policy
   /// @return the levele
   Level level() const override { return m_level; }
 
   /// Make a copy of this filter policy with a new level
   /// @param level the new level
   /// @return the new copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputFilterPolicy> clone(Level level) const override {
     return std::make_unique<DefaultFilterPolicy>(level);
   }
 
  private:
   /// threshold debug level for messages to be processed
   Level m_level;
 };
 
 /// @brief base class for decorating the debug output
 ///
 /// Derived classes may augment the debug message with additional information.
 /// Chaining different decorators is possible to customize the output to your
 /// needs.
 class OutputDecorator : public OutputPrintPolicy {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor wrapping actual output print policy
   ///
   /// @param [in] wrappee output print policy object which is wrapped by this
   ///        decorator object
   explicit OutputDecorator(std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> wrappee)
       : m_wrappee(std::move(wrappee)) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   ///
   /// This function delegates the flushing of the debug message to its wrapped
   /// object.
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) override {
     m_wrappee->flush(lvl, input);
   }
 
   /// Return the name of the output decorator (forwards to wrappee)
   /// @return the name
   const std::string& name() const override { return m_wrappee->name(); }
 
  protected:
   /// wrapped object for printing the debug message
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> m_wrappee;
 };
 
 /// @brief decorate debug message with a name
 ///
 /// The debug message is complemented with a name.
 class NamedOutputDecorator final : public OutputDecorator {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] wrappee  output print policy object to be wrapped
   /// @param [in] name     name to be added to debug message
   /// @param [in] maxWidth maximum width of field used for name
   NamedOutputDecorator(std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> wrappee,
                        const std::string& name, unsigned int maxWidth = 15)
       : OutputDecorator(std::move(wrappee)),
         m_name(name),
         m_maxWidth(maxWidth) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   ///
   /// This function prepends the given name to the debug message and then
   /// delegates the flushing of the whole message to its wrapped object.
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) override {
     std::ostringstream os;
     os << std::left << std::setw(m_maxWidth) << m_name.substr(0, m_maxWidth - 3)
        << input;
     OutputDecorator::flush(lvl, os.str());
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @param name the new name
   /// @return the copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& name) const override {
     return std::make_unique<NamedOutputDecorator>(m_wrappee->clone(name), name,
                                                   m_maxWidth);
   }
 
   /// Get this named output decorators name
   /// @return the name
   const std::string& name() const override { return m_name; }
 
  private:
   /// name to be prepended
   std::string m_name;
 
   /// maximum width of field for printing the name
   unsigned int m_maxWidth;
 };
 
 /// @brief decorate debug message with a time stamp
 ///
 /// The debug message is complemented with a time stamp.
 class TimedOutputDecorator final : public OutputDecorator {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] wrappee output print policy object to be wrapped
   /// @param [in] format  format of time stamp (see std::strftime)
   TimedOutputDecorator(std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> wrappee,
                        const std::string& format = "%X")
       : OutputDecorator(std::move(wrappee)), m_format(format) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   ///
   /// This function prepends a time stamp to the debug message and then
   /// delegates the flushing of the whole message to its wrapped object.
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) override {
     std::ostringstream os;
     os << std::left << std::setw(12) << now() << input;
     OutputDecorator::flush(lvl, os.str());
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @param name the new name
   /// @return the copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& name) const override {
     return std::make_unique<TimedOutputDecorator>(m_wrappee->clone(name),
                                                   m_format);
   }
 
  private:
   /// @brief get current time stamp
   ///
   /// @return current time stamp as string
   std::string now() const {
     char buffer[20];
     time_t t{};
     std::time(&t);
     std::strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), m_format.c_str(), localtime(&t));
     return buffer;
   }
 
   /// format of the time stamp (see std::strftime for details)
   std::string m_format;
 };
 
 /// @brief decorate debug message with a thread ID
 ///
 /// The debug message is complemented with a thread ID.
 class ThreadOutputDecorator final : public OutputDecorator {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] wrappee output print policy object to be wrapped
   explicit ThreadOutputDecorator(std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> wrappee)
       : OutputDecorator(std::move(wrappee)) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   ///
   /// This function prepends the thread ID to the debug message and then
   /// delegates the flushing of the whole message to its wrapped object.
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) override {
     std::ostringstream os;
     os << std::left << std::setw(20) << std::this_thread::get_id() << input;
     OutputDecorator::flush(lvl, os.str());
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @param name the new name
   /// @return the copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& name) const override {
     return std::make_unique<ThreadOutputDecorator>(m_wrappee->clone(name));
   }
 };
 
 /// @brief decorate debug message with its debug level
 ///
 /// The debug message is complemented with its debug level.
 class LevelOutputDecorator final : public OutputDecorator {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] wrappee output print policy object to be wrapped
   explicit LevelOutputDecorator(std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> wrappee)
       : OutputDecorator(std::move(wrappee)) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   ///
   /// This function prepends the debug level to the debug message and then
   /// delegates the flushing of the whole message to its wrapped object.
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) override {
     std::ostringstream os;
     os << std::left << std::setw(10) << toString(lvl) << input;
     OutputDecorator::flush(lvl, os.str());
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @param name the new name
   /// @return the copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& name) const override {
     return std::make_unique<LevelOutputDecorator>(m_wrappee->clone(name));
   }
 
  private:
   /// @brief convert debug level to string
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl debug level
   ///
   /// @return string representation of debug level
   std::string toString(const Level& lvl) const {
     static const char* const buffer[] = {"VERBOSE", "DEBUG", "INFO",
                                          "WARNING", "ERROR", "FATAL"};
     return buffer[lvl];
   }
 };
 
 /// @brief default print policy for debug messages
 ///
 /// This class allows to print debug messages without further modifications to
 /// a specified output stream.
 class DefaultPrintPolicy final : public OutputPrintPolicy {
  public:
   /// @brief constructor
   ///
   /// @param [in] out pointer to output stream object
   ///
   /// @pre @p out is non-zero
   explicit DefaultPrintPolicy(std::ostream* out = &std::cout) : m_out(out) {}
 
   /// @brief flush the debug message to the destination stream
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl   debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   void flush(const Level& lvl, const std::string& input) final {
     (*m_out) << input << std::endl;
     if (lvl >= getFailureThreshold()) {
       throw ThresholdFailure(
           "Previous debug message exceeds the "
           "ACTS_LOG_FAILURE_THRESHOLD=" +
           std::string{levelName(getFailureThreshold())} +
           " configuration, bailing out. See "
           "https://acts.readthedocs.io/en/latest/core/misc/"
           "logging.html#logging-thresholds");
     }
   }
 
   /// Fulfill @c OutputPrintPolicy interface. This policy doesn't actually have a
   /// name, so the assumption is that somewhere in the decorator hierarchy,
   /// there is something that returns a name without delegating to a wrappee,
   /// before reaching this overload.
   /// @note This method will throw an exception
   /// @return the name, but it never returns
   const std::string& name() const override {
     throw std::runtime_error{
         "Default print policy doesn't have a name. Is there no named output in "
         "the decorator chain?"};
   };
 
   /// Make a copy of this print policy with a new name
   /// @return the copy
   std::unique_ptr<OutputPrintPolicy> clone(
       const std::string& /*name*/) const override {
     return std::make_unique<DefaultPrintPolicy>(m_out);
   };
 
  private:
   /// pointer to destination output stream
   std::ostream* m_out;
 };
 }  // namespace Logging
 
 /// @brief class for printing debug output
 ///
 /// This class provides the user interface for printing debug messages with
 /// different levels of severity.
 ///
 /// @ingroup Logging
 class Logger {
  public:
   /// @brief construct from output print and filter policy
   ///
   /// @param [in] pPrint  policy for printing debug messages
   /// @param [in] pFilter policy for filtering debug messages
   Logger(std::unique_ptr<Logging::OutputPrintPolicy> pPrint,
          std::unique_ptr<Logging::OutputFilterPolicy> pFilter)
       : m_printPolicy(std::move(pPrint)), m_filterPolicy(std::move(pFilter)) {}
 
   /// @brief decide whether a message with a given debug level has to be printed
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl debug level of debug message
   ///
   /// @return @c true if debug message should be printed, otherwise @c false
   bool doPrint(const Logging::Level& lvl) const {
     return m_filterPolicy->doPrint(lvl);
   }
 
   /// @brief log a debug message
   ///
   /// @param [in] lvl debug level of debug message
   /// @param [in] input text of debug message
   void log(const Logging::Level& lvl, const std::string& input) const {
     if (doPrint(lvl)) {
       m_printPolicy->flush(lvl, input);
     }
   }
 
   /// Return the print policy for this logger
   /// @return the print policy
   const Logging::OutputPrintPolicy& printPolicy() const {
     return *m_printPolicy;
   }
 
   /// Return the filter policy for this logger
   /// @return the filter policy
   const Logging::OutputFilterPolicy& filterPolicy() const {
     return *m_filterPolicy;
   }
 
   /// Return the level of the filter policy of this logger
   /// @return the level
   Logging::Level level() const { return m_filterPolicy->level(); }
 
   /// Return the name of the print policy of this logger
   /// @return the name
   const std::string& name() const { return m_printPolicy->name(); }
 
   /// Make a copy of this logger, optionally changing the name or the level
   /// @param _name the optional new name
   /// @param _level the optional new level
   std::unique_ptr<Logger> clone(
       const std::optional<std::string>& _name = std::nullopt,
       const std::optional<Logging::Level>& _level = std::nullopt) const {
     return std::make_unique<Logger>(
         m_printPolicy->clone(_name.value_or(name())),
         m_filterPolicy->clone(_level.value_or(level())));
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of the logger, with a new level. Convenience function for
   /// if you only want to change the level but not the name.
   /// @param _level the new level
   /// @return the new logger
   std::unique_ptr<Logger> clone(Logging::Level _level) const {
     return clone(std::nullopt, _level);
   }
 
   /// Make a copy of the logger, with a suffix added to the end of it's
   /// name. You can also optionally supply a new level
   /// @param suffix the suffix to add to the end of the name
   /// @param _level the optional new level
   std::unique_ptr<Logger> cloneWithSuffix(
       const std::string& suffix,
       std::optional<Logging::Level> _level = std::nullopt) const {
     return clone(name() + suffix, _level.value_or(level()));
   }
 
   /// Helper function so a logger reference can be used as is with the logging
   /// macros
   const Logger& operator()() const { return *this; }
 
  private:
   /// policy object for printing debug messages
   std::unique_ptr<Logging::OutputPrintPolicy> m_printPolicy;
 
   /// policy object for filtering debug messages
   std::unique_ptr<Logging::OutputFilterPolicy> m_filterPolicy;
 };
 
 /// @brief get default debug output logger
 ///
 /// @param [in] name       name of the logger instance
 /// @param [in] lvl        debug threshold level
 /// @param [in] log_stream output stream used for printing debug messages
 ///
 /// This function returns a pointer to a Logger instance with the following
 /// decorations enabled:
 /// - time stamps
 /// - name of logging instance
 /// - debug level
 ///
 /// @return pointer to logging instance
 std::unique_ptr<const Logger> getDefaultLogger(
     const std::string& name, const Logging::Level& lvl,
     std::ostream* log_stream = &std::cout);
 
 const Logger& getDummyLogger();
 
 }  // namespace Acts

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