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 \page ExampleHadr01 Example Hadr01
 
 \author A.Bagulya, I.Gudowska, V.Ivanchenko, N.Starkov \n
 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland \n
 Karolinska Institute & Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden \n
 Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
 
 This example application is based on the application IION developed for
 simulation of proton or ion beam interaction with a water target. Different 
 aspects of beam target interaction are demonstrating in the example including 
 longitudinal profile of energy deposition, spectra of secondary  particles,
 spectra of particles leaving the target. The results are presenting in a form
 of average numbers and histograms. 
 
 
 ## GEOMETRY
 
 The Target volume is a cylinder placed inside Check cylindrical volume. The 
 Check volume is placed inside the World volume. The radius and the length of
 the Check volume are 1 mm larger than the radius and the length of the Target.
 The material of the Check volume is the same as the World material.  The World
 volume has the sizes 10 mm larger than that of the Target volume.  Any material
 from the Geant4 database can be defined. The default World  material is
 G4Galactic and the default  Target material is aluminum. The Target is
 subdivided on number of equal slices. Following UI commands are available to
 modify the geometry:
 
 ```
 /testhadr/TargetMat     G4_Pb
 /testhadr/WorldMat      G4_AIR
 /testhadr/TargetRadius  10 mm
 /testhadr/TargetLength  20 cm
 /testhadr/NumberDivZ    200
 ```
 
 Beam direction coincides with the target axis and is Z axis in the global
 coordinate system. The beam starts 5 mm in front of the target. G4ParticleGun
 is used as a primary generator. The energy and the type of the beam can be
 defined via standard UI commands
 
 ```
 /gun/energy   15 GeV
 /gun/particle proton
 ```
 
 Default beam position is -(targetHalfLength + 5*mm) and direction along Z axis.
 Beam position and direction can be changed by gun UI commands:
 
 ```
 /gun/position  1 10 3 mm
 /gun/direction 1 0 0
 ```
 
 however, position command is active only if before it the flag is set
 
 ```
 /testhadr/DefaultBeamPosition false   
 ```
  
 ## SCORING
 
 The scoring is performed with the help of UserStackingAction class and two
 sensitive detector  classes: one associated with a target slice, another with
 the Check volume. Each secondary particle is scored by the StackingAction.  In
 the StackingAction it is also possible to kill all or one type of secondary 
 particles 
 
 ```
 /testhadr/Kill             neutron
 /testhadr/KillAllSecondaries  
 ```
 
 To control running the following options are available:
 
 ```
 /testhadr/PrintModulo      100
 /testhadr/DebugEvent       977
 ```
 
 The last command selects an events, for which "/tracking/verbose 2" level
 of printout is established.
 
 
 ## PHYSICS
 
 PhysicsList of the application uses reference Phsyics Lists or its components, 
 which are distributed with Geant4 in /geant4/physics_lists subdirectory.
 
 The reference Physics List name may be defined in the 3d argument of the 
 run command: 
 
 ```
 ./Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 
 ```
 
 If 3d argument is not set then the PHYSLIST environment variable is checked.
 If 3d argument is set, it is possible to add the 4th and 5th arguments,
 which defines overlap energies between cascade and string models in GeV:
 
 ```
 ./Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0
 ```
 
 If 6 arguments are used the last enabling addition of charge exchange
 physics on top of any reference Physics List.
 
 ```
 ./Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 CI
 ```
 
 If both 3d argument and the environment variable are not defined then
 reference Phsyics Lists is not instantiated, instead the local Physics List
 is used built from components, which may be configured using UI interface.
 The choice of the physics is provided by the UI command:
 
 ```
 /testhadr/Physics     QGSP_BIC
 ```
 
 To see the list of available configurations with UI one can use
 
 ```
 /testhadr/ListPhysics
 ```
 
 Note that testhadr UI commands are not available in the case when PHYSLIST 
 environment variable is defined. 
 
 
 ## VISUALIZATION
 
 The vis.mac file can be used as an example of visualization. 
 
 ## HISTOGRAMS
 
 There are built in histograms. The 1st one (idx=0, id="1") scores energy
 deposition along the target. Histograms "22", "23", "24", "25" scores
 energy deposition per particle type.
  
 All other histograms are provided in decimal logarithmic scale (log10(E/MeV),
 where E is secondary particle energy at production
 
 It is possible to change scale using UI commands:
 
 ```
 /testhadr/histo/setHisto idx nbins vmin vmax unit
 ```
 
 Only ROOT histograms are available.
 
 All histograms are normalized to the number of events.
   

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