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 /*
     tests/test_custom-exceptions.cpp -- exception translation
 
     Copyright (c) 2016 Pim Schellart <P.Schellart@princeton.edu>
 
     All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
     BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 */
 #include "test_exceptions.h"
 
 #include "local_bindings.h"
 #include "pybind11_tests.h"
 
 #include <exception>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <utility>
 
 // A type that should be raised as an exception in Python
 class MyException : public std::exception {
 public:
     explicit MyException(const char *m) : message{m} {}
     const char *what() const noexcept override { return message.c_str(); }
 
 private:
     std::string message = "";
 };
 
 // A type that should be translated to a standard Python exception
 class MyException2 : public std::exception {
 public:
     explicit MyException2(const char *m) : message{m} {}
     const char *what() const noexcept override { return message.c_str(); }
 
 private:
     std::string message = "";
 };
 
 // A type that is not derived from std::exception (and is thus unknown)
 class MyException3 {
 public:
     explicit MyException3(const char *m) : message{m} {}
     virtual const char *what() const noexcept { return message.c_str(); }
     // Rule of 5 BEGIN: to preempt compiler warnings.
     MyException3(const MyException3 &) = default;
     MyException3(MyException3 &&) = default;
     MyException3 &operator=(const MyException3 &) = default;
     MyException3 &operator=(MyException3 &&) = default;
     virtual ~MyException3() = default;
     // Rule of 5 END.
 private:
     std::string message = "";
 };
 
 // A type that should be translated to MyException
 // and delegated to its exception translator
 class MyException4 : public std::exception {
 public:
     explicit MyException4(const char *m) : message{m} {}
     const char *what() const noexcept override { return message.c_str(); }
 
 private:
     std::string message = "";
 };
 
 // Like the above, but declared via the helper function
 class MyException5 : public std::logic_error {
 public:
     explicit MyException5(const std::string &what) : std::logic_error(what) {}
 };
 
 // Inherits from MyException5
 class MyException5_1 : public MyException5 {
     using MyException5::MyException5;
 };
 
 // Exception that will be caught via the module local translator.
 class MyException6 : public std::exception {
 public:
     explicit MyException6(const char *m) : message{m} {}
     const char *what() const noexcept override { return message.c_str(); }
 
 private:
     std::string message = "";
 };
 
 struct PythonCallInDestructor {
     explicit PythonCallInDestructor(const py::dict &d) : d(d) {}
     ~PythonCallInDestructor() { d["good"] = true; }
 
     py::dict d;
 };
 
 struct PythonAlreadySetInDestructor {
     explicit PythonAlreadySetInDestructor(const py::str &s) : s(s) {}
     ~PythonAlreadySetInDestructor() {
         py::dict foo;
         try {
             // Assign to a py::object to force read access of nonexistent dict entry
             py::object o = foo["bar"];
         } catch (py::error_already_set &ex) {
             ex.discard_as_unraisable(s);
         }
     }
 
     py::str s;
 };
 
 TEST_SUBMODULE(exceptions, m) {
     m.def("throw_std_exception",
           []() { throw std::runtime_error("This exception was intentionally thrown."); });
 
     // make a new custom exception and use it as a translation target
     static py::exception<MyException> ex(m, "MyException");
     py::register_exception_translator([](std::exception_ptr p) {
         try {
             if (p) {
                 std::rethrow_exception(p);
             }
         } catch (const MyException &e) {
             // Set MyException as the active python error
             ex(e.what());
         }
     });
 
     // register new translator for MyException2
     // no need to store anything here because this type will
     // never by visible from Python
     py::register_exception_translator([](std::exception_ptr p) {
         try {
             if (p) {
                 std::rethrow_exception(p);
             }
         } catch (const MyException2 &e) {
             // Translate this exception to a standard RuntimeError
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, e.what());
         }
     });
 
     // register new translator for MyException4
     // which will catch it and delegate to the previously registered
     // translator for MyException by throwing a new exception
     py::register_exception_translator([](std::exception_ptr p) {
         try {
             if (p) {
                 std::rethrow_exception(p);
             }
         } catch (const MyException4 &e) {
             throw MyException(e.what());
         }
     });
 
     // A simple exception translation:
     auto ex5 = py::register_exception<MyException5>(m, "MyException5");
     // A slightly more complicated one that declares MyException5_1 as a subclass of MyException5
     py::register_exception<MyException5_1>(m, "MyException5_1", ex5.ptr());
 
     // py::register_local_exception<LocalSimpleException>(m, "LocalSimpleException")
 
     py::register_local_exception_translator([](std::exception_ptr p) {
         try {
             if (p) {
                 std::rethrow_exception(p);
             }
         } catch (const MyException6 &e) {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, e.what());
         }
     });
 
     m.def("throws1", []() { throw MyException("this error should go to a custom type"); });
     m.def("throws2",
           []() { throw MyException2("this error should go to a standard Python exception"); });
     m.def("throws3", []() { throw MyException3("this error cannot be translated"); });
     m.def("throws4", []() { throw MyException4("this error is rethrown"); });
     m.def("throws5",
           []() { throw MyException5("this is a helper-defined translated exception"); });
     m.def("throws5_1", []() { throw MyException5_1("MyException5 subclass"); });
     m.def("throws6", []() { throw MyException6("MyException6 only handled in this module"); });
     m.def("throws_logic_error", []() {
         throw std::logic_error("this error should fall through to the standard handler");
     });
     m.def("throws_overflow_error", []() { throw std::overflow_error(""); });
     m.def("throws_local_error", []() { throw LocalException("never caught"); });
     m.def("throws_local_simple_error", []() { throw LocalSimpleException("this mod"); });
     m.def("exception_matches", []() {
         py::dict foo;
         try {
             // Assign to a py::object to force read access of nonexistent dict entry
             py::object o = foo["bar"];
         } catch (py::error_already_set &ex) {
             if (!ex.matches(PyExc_KeyError)) {
                 throw;
             }
             return true;
         }
         return false;
     });
     m.def("exception_matches_base", []() {
         py::dict foo;
         try {
             // Assign to a py::object to force read access of nonexistent dict entry
             py::object o = foo["bar"];
         } catch (py::error_already_set &ex) {
             if (!ex.matches(PyExc_Exception)) {
                 throw;
             }
             return true;
         }
         return false;
     });
     m.def("modulenotfound_exception_matches_base", []() {
         try {
             // On Python >= 3.6, this raises a ModuleNotFoundError, a subclass of ImportError
             py::module_::import("nonexistent");
         } catch (py::error_already_set &ex) {
             if (!ex.matches(PyExc_ImportError)) {
                 throw;
             }
             return true;
         }
         return false;
     });
 
     m.def("throw_already_set", [](bool err) {
         if (err) {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "foo");
         }
         try {
             throw py::error_already_set();
         } catch (const std::runtime_error &e) {
             if ((err && e.what() != std::string("ValueError: foo"))
                 || (!err
                     && e.what()
                            != std::string("Internal error: pybind11::error_already_set called "
                                           "while Python error indicator not set."))) {
                 PyErr_Clear();
                 throw std::runtime_error("error message mismatch");
             }
         }
         PyErr_Clear();
         if (err) {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "foo");
         }
         throw py::error_already_set();
     });
 
     m.def("python_call_in_destructor", [](const py::dict &d) {
         bool retval = false;
         try {
             PythonCallInDestructor set_dict_in_destructor(d);
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "foo");
             throw py::error_already_set();
         } catch (const py::error_already_set &) {
             retval = true;
         }
         return retval;
     });
 
     m.def("python_alreadyset_in_destructor", [](const py::str &s) {
         PythonAlreadySetInDestructor alreadyset_in_destructor(s);
         return true;
     });
 
     // test_nested_throws
     m.def("try_catch",
           [m](const py::object &exc_type, const py::function &f, const py::args &args) {
               try {
                   f(*args);
               } catch (py::error_already_set &ex) {
                   if (ex.matches(exc_type)) {
                       py::print(ex.what());
                   } else {
                       // Simply `throw;` also works and is better, but using `throw ex;`
                       // here to cover that situation (as observed in the wild).
                       throw ex; // Invokes the copy ctor.
                   }
               }
           });
 
     // Test repr that cannot be displayed
     m.def("simple_bool_passthrough", [](bool x) { return x; });
 
     m.def("throw_should_be_translated_to_key_error", []() { throw shared_exception(); });
 
     m.def("raise_from", []() {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "inner");
         py::raise_from(PyExc_ValueError, "outer");
         throw py::error_already_set();
     });
 
     m.def("raise_from_already_set", []() {
         try {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "inner");
             throw py::error_already_set();
         } catch (py::error_already_set &e) {
             py::raise_from(e, PyExc_ValueError, "outer");
             throw py::error_already_set();
         }
     });
 
     m.def("throw_nested_exception", []() {
         try {
             throw std::runtime_error("Inner Exception");
         } catch (const std::runtime_error &) {
             std::throw_with_nested(std::runtime_error("Outer Exception"));
         }
     });
 
     m.def("error_already_set_what", [](const py::object &exc_type, const py::object &exc_value) {
         PyErr_SetObject(exc_type.ptr(), exc_value.ptr());
         std::string what = py::error_already_set().what();
         bool py_err_set_after_what = (PyErr_Occurred() != nullptr);
         PyErr_Clear();
         return py::make_tuple(std::move(what), py_err_set_after_what);
     });
 
     m.def("test_cross_module_interleaved_error_already_set", []() {
         auto cm = py::module_::import("cross_module_interleaved_error_already_set");
         auto interleaved_error_already_set
             = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(PyLong_AsVoidPtr(cm.attr("funcaddr").ptr()));
         interleaved_error_already_set();
     });
 
     m.def("test_error_already_set_double_restore", [](bool dry_run) {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Random error.");
         py::error_already_set e;
         e.restore();
         PyErr_Clear();
         if (!dry_run) {
             e.restore();
         }
     });
 
     // https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4075
     m.def("test_pypy_oserror_normalization", []() {
         try {
             py::module_::import("io").attr("open")("this_filename_must_not_exist", "r");
         } catch (const py::error_already_set &e) {
             return py::str(e.what()); // str must be built before e goes out of scope.
         }
         return py::str("UNEXPECTED");
     });
 }

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