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 #ifndef __XRDNETUTILS_HH__
 #define __XRDNETUTILS_HH__
 /******************************************************************************/
 /*                                                                            */
 /*                        X r d N e t U t i l s . h h                         */
 /*                                                                            */
 /* (c) 2013 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford, Jr., University  */
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 /******************************************************************************/
 
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <cstdint>
 
 #include "XrdOuc/XrdOucEnum.hh"
 
 class XrdOucTList;
 class XrdNetAddr;
 union XrdNetSockAddr;
 
 namespace XrdNetSpace {struct hpSpec;}
   
 class XrdNetUtils
 {
 public:
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Decode an "encoded" ipv6/4 address and place it "sockaddr" type structure.
 //!
 //! @param  sadr     address of the union that will hold the results.
 //! @param  buff     address of buffer that holds the encoding.
 //! @param  blen     length of the string (it need not be null terminated).
 //!
 //! @return > 0      the port number in host byte order.
 //!         = 0      the port number was not set.
 //!         < 0      the encoding was not correct.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  Decode(XrdNetSockAddr *sadr, const char *buff, int blen);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Encode the address and return it in a supplied buffer.
 //!
 //! @param  sadr     address of the union that holds the IPV4/6 address.
 //! @param  buff     address of buffer to hold the null terminated encoding.
 //! @param  blen     length of the buffer. It6 should be at least 40 bytes.
 //! @param  port     optional port value to use as opposed to the one present
 //!                  in sockaddr sadr. The port must be in host order.
 //!
 //! @return > 0      the length of the encoding less the null byte.
 //!         = 0      current address format not supported for encoding.
 //!         < 0      buffer is too small; abs(retval) bytes needed.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  Encode(const XrdNetSockAddr *sadr, char *buff, int blen, int port=-1);
 
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Version 1: Return multiple addresses associated with a host or IP address.
 //!
 //! @param  hSpec    -> convert specification to addresses. Valid formats:
 //!                     IP.v4:   nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn[:<port>]
 //!                     IP.v6:   [ipv6_addr][:<port>]
 //!                     IP.xx:   name[:port] xx is determined by getaddrinfo()
 //! @param  aListP   place where the pointer to the returned array of XrdNetAddr
 //!                  objects is to be placed. Set to zero if none returned. The
 //!                  caller must delete this array when no longer needed.
 //! @param  aListN   place where the number of elements in aListP are to be
 //!                  returned.
 //! @param  opts     Options on what to return. Choose one of:
 //!                  allIPMap - all  IPv6 and   mapped IPv4 addrs (default)
 //!                  allIPv64 - all  IPv6 and unmapped IPv4 addrs
 //!                  allV4Map - all    mapped IPV4 addrs.
 //!                  onlyIPv6 - only          IPv6 addrs
 //!                  onlyIPv4 - only unmapped IPv4 addrs
 //!                  prefIPv6 - only IPv6 addrs; if none, mapped IPv4 addrs
 //!                  prefAuto - Returns addresses based on configured non-local
 //!                             interfaces. The returned addresses will be
 //!                             normally useable on this host and may be IPv4,
 //!                             IPv6, mapped IPv4, or a mixture.
 //!                  The above may be or'd with one or more of the following:
 //!                  onlyUDP  - only addrs valid for UDP connections else TCP
 //!                  order46  - List IPv4 addresses (mapped or native) first.
 //!                  order64  - List IPv6 addresses first.
 //! @param  pNum     >= 0 uses the value as the port number regardless of what
 //!                       is in hSpec, should it be supplied. However, if is
 //!                       present, it must be a valid port number.
 //!                  <  0 uses the positive value as the port number if the
 //!                       port number has not been specified in hSpec.
 //!                  **** When set to PortInSpec(the default, see below) the
 //!                       port number/name must be specified in hSpec. If it is
 //!                       not, an error is returned.
 //!                  **** When set to NoPortRaw then hSpec does not contain a
 //!                       port number and is a host name, IPv4 address, or an
 //!                       IPv6 address *without* surrounding brackets.
 //!
 //! @return Success: 0 with aListN set to the number of elements in aListP.
 //!         Failure: the error message text describing the error and aListP
 //!                  and aListN is set to zero.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 enum AddrOpts {allIPMap=  0, allIPv64=  1, allV4Map=  2,
                onlyIPv6=  3, onlyIPv4=  4, prefIPv6=  8,
                prefAuto= 16, order46 = 32, order64 = 64,
                onlyUDP =128
               };
 
 static const int PortInSpec = (int)0x80000000;
 static const int NoPortRaw  = (int)0xC0000000;
 
 static
 const char  *GetAddrs(const char *hSpec, XrdNetAddr *aListP[], int &aListN,
                       AddrOpts    opts=allIPMap, int pNum=PortInSpec);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Version 2: Return multiple addresses associated with a host or IP address.
 //!
 //! @param  hSpec    Reference to address specification (see version 1).
 //! @param  aVec     Reference to the vector to contain addresses.
 //! @param  ordn     Pointer to where the partition ordinal is to be stored.
 //! @param  opts     Options on what to return (see version 1).
 //! @param  pNum     Port number argument (see version 1).
 //!
 //! @return Success: 0 is returned. When ordn is not nil, the number of IPv4
 //!                  entries (for order46) or IPv6 (for order64) entries that
 //!                  appear in the front of the vector. If ordering is not
 //!                  specified, the value is set to the size of the vector.
 //!         Failure: the error message text describing the error and aVec is
 //!                  cleared (i.e. has no elements).
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static
 const char  *GetAddrs(const std::string &hSpec, std::vector<XrdNetAddr> &aVec,
                       int *ordn=0, AddrOpts opts=allIPMap, int pNum=PortInSpec);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Version 3: Return multiple addresses associated with a list of host or
 //! IP addresses.
 //!
 //! @param  hSVec    vector of address specification (see version 1). Note that
 //!                  this version requires hSVec entries to have a port number.
 //! @param  aVec     Reference to the vector to contain addresses.
 //! @param  ordn     Pointer to where the partition ordinal is to be stored.
 //! @param  opts     Options on what to return (see version 1).
 //! @param  rotNum   The rotation factor to order addresses in the result.
 //! @param  force    When true resolution errors are ignored.
 //!
 //! @return Success: 0 is returned. When ordn is not nil, the number of IPv4
 //!                  entries (for order46) or IPv6 (for order64) entries that
 //!                  appear in the front of the vector. If ordering is not
 //!                  specified, the value is set to the size of the vector.
 //!         Failure: the error message text describing the error and aVec is
 //!                  cleared (i.e. has no elements).
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static
 const char  *GetAddrs(std::vector<std::string> &hSVec,
                       std::vector<XrdNetAddr>  &aVec,
                       int *ordn=0, AddrOpts opts=allIPMap,
                       unsigned int rotNum=0, bool force=false);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Obtain connection information from a socket.
 //!
 //! @param  fd       The file descriptor of the socket whose address is to be
 //!                  converted. The sign of the fd indicates which address:
 //!                  fd > 0 the peer  address is used (i.e. getpeername)
 //!                  fd < 0 the local address is used (i.e. getsockname)
 //! @param  theAddr  pointer to a buffer of theAlen bytes where the text
 //!                  version of the IP address is to be returned. The text
 //!                  uses the actual native address format. If theAddr is
 //!                  nil or theAlen is not positive, only the port and
 //!                  address type are returned.
 //! @param  theALen  length of the theAddr buffer.
 //! @param  theType  either the character 4 (IPv4) or 6 (IPv6) is returned.
 //!                  corrresponding to the address family. Note that should
 //!                  be AF_INET6 but the address is mapped, '4' is returned.
 //!
 //! @return Success: >= 0 corresponding to the port number.
 //! @return Failure: <  0 corresponding to -errno.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static
 int          GetSokInfo(int fd, char *theAddr, int theALen, char &theType);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Obtain an easily digestable list of hosts. This is the list of up to eight
 //! unique aliases (i.e. with different addresses) assigned to a base hostname.
 //!
 //! @param  hSpec    the host specification suitable for XrdNetAddr.Set().
 //! @param  hPort    When >= 0 specified the port to use regardless of hSpec.
 //!                  When <  0 the port must be present in hSpec.
 //! @param  hWant    Maximum number of list entries wanted. If hWant is greater
 //!                  that eight it is set eigth.
 //! @param  sPort    If not nil, the *sPort will be set to hPort if and only if
 //!                  the IP address in one of the entries matches the host
 //!                  address. Otherwise, the value is unchanged.
 //! @param  eText    When not nil, is where to place error message text.
 //!
 //! @return Success: Pointer to a list of XrdOucTList objects where
 //!                  p->val  is the port number
 //!                  p->text is the host name.
 //!                  The list of objects belongs to the caller.
 //!         Failure: A nil pointer is returned. If eText is supplied, the error
 //!                  message, in persistent storage, is returned.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static
 XrdOucTList *Hosts(const char  *hSpec, int hPort=-1, int hWant=8, int *sPort=0,
                                const char **eText=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Convert an IP address/port (V4 or V6) into the standard V6 RFC ASCII
 //! representation: "[address]:port".
 //!
 //! @param  sAddr    Address to convert. This is either sockaddr_in or
 //!                  sockaddr_in6 cast to struct sockaddr.
 //! @param  bP       points to a buffer large enough to hold the result.
 //!                  A buffer 64 characters long will always be big enough.
 //! @param  bL       the actual size of the buffer.
 //! @param  opts     Formating options:
 //!                  noPort  - does not suffix the port number with ":port".
 //!                  oldFmt  - use the deprecated format for an IPV4 mapped
 //!                            address: [::d.d.d.d] vs  [::ffff:d.d.d.d].
 //!
 //! @return Success: The length of the formatted address is returned.
 //! @return Failure: Zero is returned and the buffer state is undefined.
 //!                  Failure occurs when the buffer is too small or the address family
 //!                  (sAddr->sa_family) is neither AF_INET nor AF_INET6.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static const int noPort = 1;
 static const int oldFmt = 2;
 
 static int IPFormat(const struct sockaddr *sAddr, char *bP, int bL, int opts=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Convert an IP socket address/port (V4 or V6) into the standard V6 RFC ASCII
 //! representation: "[address]:port".
 //!
 //! @param  fd       The file descriptor of the socket whose address is to be
 //!                  converted. The sign of the fd indicates which address:
 //!                  fd > 0 the peer  address is used (i.e. getpeername)
 //!                  fd < 0 the local address is used (i.e. getsockname)
 //! @param  bP       points to a buffer large enough to hold the result.
 //!                  A buffer 64 characters long will always be big enough.
 //! @param  bL       the actual size of the buffer.
 //! @param  opts     Formating options:
 //!                  noPort  - does not suffix the port number with ":port".
 //!                  oldFmt  - use the deprecated format for an IPV4 mapped
 //!                            address: [::d.d.d.d] vs  [::ffff:d.d.d.d].
 //!
 //! @return Success: The length of the formatted address is returned.
 //! @return Failure: Zero is returned and the buffer state is undefined.
 //!                  Failure occurs when the buffer is too small or the file
 //!                  descriptor does not refer to an open socket.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int IPFormat(int fd, char *bP, int bL, int opts=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Determine if a hostname matches a pattern.
 //!
 //! @param  hName    the name of the host.
 //! @param  pattern  the pattern to match against. The pattern may contain one
 //!                  If the pattern contains a single asterisk, then the prefix
 //!                  of hName is compared with the characters before the '*' and
 //!                  the suffix of hName is compared with the character after.
 //!                  If the pattern ends with a plus, the all then pattern is
 //!                  taken as a hostname (less '+') and expanded to all possible
 //!                  hostnames and each one is compared with hName. If the
 //!                  pattern contains both, the asterisk rule is used first.
 //!                  If it contains neither then strict equality is used.
 //!
 //! @return Success: True,  the pattern matches.
 //!         Failure: False, no match found.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static bool Match(const char *hName, const char *pattern);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Get the fully qualified name of the current host.
 //!
 //! @param  eName    The name to be returned when the host name or its true
 //!                  address could not be returned. The pointer may be nil.
 //! @param  eText    When supplied will hold 0 if no errors occurred or error
 //!                  message text, in persistent storage, describing why the
 //!                  error-triggered alternate name was returned.
 //!                  If it contains neither then strict equality is used.
 //!
 //! @return An strdup() copy of the host name, address , or eName; unless eName
 //!         is nil, in which case a nil pointer is returned. The caller is
 //!         responsible for freeing any returned string using free().
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static char *MyHostName(const char *eName="*unknown*", const char **eText=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Get the supported network protocols.
 //!
 //! @param  netqry   An NetType enum specifying the protocol to inspect.
 //! @param  eText    When not nil, is where to place error message text.
 //!
 //! @return One the the NetProt enums (see below). When hasNone is returned
 //!         and eText is not nill it will point to a static string that gives
 //!         the reason. If the reason is a null string, the query was successful
 //!         but returned no matching protocols.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 enum NetProt {hasNone  = 0, //!< Unable to determine available protocols
               hasIPv4  = 1, //<! Has only IPv4 capability
               hasIPv6  = 2, //<! Has only IPv6 capability
               hasIP64  = 3, //<! Has IPv4 IPv6 capability (dual stack)
               hasPub4  = 4, //<! Has IPv4 public address  (or'd with above)
               hasPub6  = 8  //<! Has IPv6 public address  (or'd with above)
              };
 
 enum NetType {qryINET  = 0,//!< Only consider internet protocols via DNS
               qryINIF  = 1 //!< Only consider internet protocols via ifconfig
              };
 
 static NetProt      NetConfig(NetType netquery=qryINET, const char **eText=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Parse an IP or host name specification.
 //!
 //! @param  hSpec    the name or IP address of the host. As one of the following
 //!                  "[<ipv6>]:<port>", "<ipv4>:<port>", or "<name>:<port>".
 //! @param  hName    place where the starting address of the host is placed.
 //! @param  hNend    place where the ending   address+1 is placed. This will
 //!                  point to either ']', ':', or a null byte.
 //! @param  hPort    place where the starting address of the port is placed.
 //!                  If no ":port" was found, this will contain *hNend.
 //! @param  hPend    place where the ending   address+1 is placed. If no port
 //!                  If no ":port" was found, this will contain *hNend.
 //!
 //! @return Success: True.
 //!         Failure: False, hSpec is not valid. Some output parameters may have
 //!                  been set but shlould be ignored.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static bool Parse(const char *hSpec, const char **hName, const char **hNend,
                                      const char **hPort, const char **hPend);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Obtain the numeric port associated with a file descriptor.
 //!
 //! @param  fd       the file descriptor number.
 //! @param  eText    when not null, the reason for a failure is returned.
 //!
 //! @return Success: The positive port number.
 //!         Failure: 0 is returned and if eText is not null, the error message.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  Port(int fd, const char **eText=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Obtain the protocol identifier.
 //!
 //! @param  pName    the name of the protocol (e.g. "tcp").
 //!
 //! @return The protocol identifier.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  ProtoID(const char *pName);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Obtain the numeric port corresponding to a symbolic name.
 //!
 //! @param  sName    the name of the service or a numeric port number.
 //! @param  isUDP    if true, returns the UDP service port o/w the TCP service
 //! @param  eText    when not null, the reason for a failure is returned.
 //!
 //! @return Success: The positive port number.
 //!         Failure: 0 is returned and if eText is not null, the error message.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  ServPort(const char *sName, bool isUDP=false, const char **eText=0);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Set the family and hints to be used in GetAddrs() with prefAuto. This is
 //! used within this class and by XrdNetAddr when the IP mode changes.  It is
 //! meant for internal use only.
 //!
 //! @param  aOpts    Is one of the following from the AddrOpts enum:
 //!                  allIPMap - Use IPv6 and mapped IPv4 addrs (default)
 //!                  onlyIPv4 - Use only IPv4 addresses.
 //!                  prefAuto - Determine proper options based on configuration.
 //!
 //! @return The getaddrinfo() hints value that should be used.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static int  SetAuto(AddrOpts aOpts=allIPMap);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Check if whether or not a host name represents more than one unique host.
 //!
 //! @param  hSpec    the host specification suitable for XrdNetAddr.Set().
 //! @param  eText    When not nil, is where to place error message text.
 //!
 //! @return True is this is a simple single host. False if the name represensts
 //!         more than one single host.
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static bool Singleton(const char  *hSpec, const char **eText=0);
 
 static bool ConnectWithTimeout(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr* clientAddr, size_t clientAddrLen,uint32_t timeout_sec, std::stringstream & errMsg);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Constructor
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
             XrdNetUtils() {}
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //! Destructor
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
            ~XrdNetUtils() {}
 private:
 
 static void FillAddr(XrdNetSpace::hpSpec &aBuff, XrdNetAddr *aVec,
                      int *ordn=0, unsigned int rotNum=0);
 static
 const char *GetAInfo(XrdNetSpace::hpSpec &aBuff);
 static void GetHints(XrdNetSpace::hpSpec &aBuff, AddrOpts opts);
 static
 const char *GetHostPort(XrdNetSpace::hpSpec &aBuff, const char *hSpec, int pNum);
 static
 const char *getMyFQN(const char *&myDom);
 static int setET(const char **errtxt, int rc);
 static bool SetSockBlocking(int sockfd, bool blocking, std::stringstream & errMsg);
 static int autoFamily;
 static int autoHints;
 };
 
 XRDOUC_ENUM_OPERATORS(XrdNetUtils::AddrOpts)
 
 #endif

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