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 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /*--- Linux-specific kernel interface.                 vki-linux.h ---*/
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 /*
    This file is part of Valgrind, a dynamic binary instrumentation
    framework.
 
    Copyright (C) 2000-2017 Julian Seward 
       jseward@acm.org
 
    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the
    License, or (at your option) any later version.
 
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
    General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
    The GNU General Public License is contained in the file COPYING.
 */
 
 /* This file defines types and constants for the kernel interface, and to
    make that clear everything is prefixed VKI_/vki_.
 
    All code is copied verbatim from kernel source files, except that:
    - VKI_/vki_ prefixes are added
    - some extra explanatory comments are included;  they are all within
      "[[ ]]"
    - for some types, we only care about the size;  for a few of them (big
      ones that are painful to fully drag in here), a VKI_SIZEOF_* constant
      is used.
    
    The files the code is taken from is indicated.
 
    Note especially that the types are not the glibc versions, many of which
    are different to those in here. 
 
    Also note that this file contains all the generic header info, ie. that
    from linux/include/linux/ *.h.  The arch-specific header info, eg. that
    from linux/include/asm-i386/ *.h, is in vki-$PLATFORM.h and
    vki_posixtypes-$PLATFORM.h.  (Two files are required to avoid
    circular dependencies between the generic VKI header and the
    arch-specific VKI header.  It's possible in the future, as more stuff
    gets pulled in, that we might have to split files up some more to avoid
    further circular dependencies.)
    
    Finally, note that it is assumed that __KERNEL__ is set for all these
    definitions, which affects some of them.
 */
 
 /* The structure is (aiui, jrs 20060504):
 
      #include plat-specific posix types (vki-posixtypes-ARCH-linux.h)
 
      Lots more types, structs, consts, in this file
 
      #include other plat-specific stuff (vki-ARCH-linux.h)
 
      Even more types, structs, consts, in this file
 
    The system call numbers are dealt with by
    pub_{core,tool}_vkiscnums.h, not via pub_{core,tool}_vki.h, which
    is what this file is part of.
 */
 
 #ifndef __VKI_LINUX_H
 #define __VKI_LINUX_H
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Arch-specific POSIX types
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #if defined(VGA_x86)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-x86-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_amd64)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-amd64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_ppc32)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-ppc32-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_ppc64be) || defined(VGA_ppc64le)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-ppc64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_arm)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-arm-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_arm64)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-arm64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_s390x)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-s390x-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_mips32)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-mips32-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_mips64)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-mips64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_nanomips)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-nanomips-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_riscv64)
 #  include "vki-posixtypes-riscv64-linux.h"
 #else
 #  error Unknown platform
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VKI_STATIC_ASSERT(). Inspired by BUILD_BUG_ON() from
 // linux-2.6.34/include/linux/kernel.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /*
  * Evaluates to zero if 'expr' is true and forces a compilation error if
  * 'expr' is false. Can be used in a context where no comma expressions
  * are allowed.
  */
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 template <bool b> struct vki_static_assert { int m_bitfield:(2*b-1); };
 #define VKI_STATIC_ASSERT(expr)                         \
     (sizeof(vki_static_assert<(expr)>) - sizeof(int))
 #else
 #define VKI_STATIC_ASSERT(expr) (sizeof(struct { int:-!(expr); }))
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Based on _IOC_TYPECHECK() from linux-2.6.34/asm-generic/ioctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* provoke compile error for invalid uses of size argument */
 #define _VKI_IOC_TYPECHECK(t)                                           \
     (VKI_STATIC_ASSERT((sizeof(t) == sizeof(t[1])                       \
                         && sizeof(t) < (1 << _VKI_IOC_SIZEBITS)))       \
      + sizeof(t))
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/compiler.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # define __user
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux/include/linux/compiler-gcc.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define __vki_packed            __attribute__((packed))
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/posix_types.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #undef __VKI_NFDBITS
 #define __VKI_NFDBITS   (8 * sizeof(unsigned long))
 
 #undef __VKI_FD_SETSIZE
 #define __VKI_FD_SETSIZE    1024
 
 #undef __VKI_FDSET_LONGS
 #define __VKI_FDSET_LONGS   (__VKI_FD_SETSIZE/__VKI_NFDBITS)
 
 #undef __VKI_FDELT
 #define __VKI_FDELT(d)  ((d) / __VKI_NFDBITS)
 
 #undef __VKI_FDMASK
 #define __VKI_FDMASK(d) (1UL << ((d) % __VKI_NFDBITS))
 
 typedef struct {
     unsigned long fds_bits [__VKI_FDSET_LONGS];
 } __vki_kernel_fd_set;
 
 typedef int __vki_kernel_key_t;
 typedef int __vki_kernel_mqd_t;
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From pre-git history /include/linux/types.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_ustat {
 #if defined(VGA_mips32) || defined(VGA_mips64) || defined(VGA_nanomips)
     long            f_tfree;
 #else
     int         f_tfree;
 #endif
 #if defined(VGA_s390x)
     unsigned int        f_tinode;
 #else
     unsigned long       f_tinode;
 #endif
     char            f_fname[6];
     char            f_fpack[6];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/types.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef __vki_kernel_fd_set vki_fd_set;
 typedef __vki_kernel_mode_t vki_mode_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_off_t  vki_off_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_pid_t  vki_pid_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_key_t  vki_key_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_suseconds_t    vki_suseconds_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_timer_t    vki_timer_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_clockid_t  vki_clockid_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_mqd_t  vki_mqd_t;
 
 // [[Nb: it's a bit unclear due to a #ifdef, but I think this is right. --njn]]
 typedef __vki_kernel_uid32_t    vki_uid_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_gid32_t    vki_gid_t;
 
 typedef __vki_kernel_old_uid_t  vki_old_uid_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_old_gid_t  vki_old_gid_t;
 
 typedef __vki_kernel_loff_t vki_loff_t;
 
 typedef __vki_kernel_size_t vki_size_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_time_t vki_time_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_clock_t    vki_clock_t;
 typedef __vki_kernel_caddr_t    vki_caddr_t;
 
 typedef unsigned long           vki_u_long;
 
 typedef unsigned int            vki_uint;
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Now the rest of the arch-specific stuff
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #if defined(VGA_x86)
 #  include "vki-x86-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_amd64)
 #  include "vki-amd64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_ppc32)
 #  include "vki-ppc32-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_ppc64be) || defined(VGA_ppc64le)
 #  include "vki-ppc64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_arm)
 #  include "vki-arm-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_arm64)
 #  include "vki-arm64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_s390x)
 #  include "vki-s390x-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_mips32)
 #  include "vki-mips32-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_mips64)
 #  include "vki-mips64-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_nanomips)
 #  include "vki-nanomips-linux.h"
 #elif defined(VGA_riscv64)
 #  include "vki-riscv64-linux.h"
 #else
 #  error Unknown platform
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.20.1/include/linux/types.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef     __vki_s32   vki_int32_t;
 typedef     __vki_s16   vki_int16_t;
 typedef     __vki_s64   vki_int64_t;
 
 typedef     __vki_u8    vki_uint8_t;
 typedef     __vki_u16   vki_uint16_t;
 typedef     __vki_u32   vki_uint32_t;
 typedef     __vki_u64   vki_uint64_t;
 
 typedef     __vki_u16   __vki_le16;
 
 #define __vki_aligned_u64 __vki_u64 __attribute__((aligned(8)))
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/limits.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_PATH_MAX       4096 /* # chars in a path name including nul */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/kernel.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_sysinfo {
     long uptime;            /* Seconds since boot */
     unsigned long loads[3];     /* 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages */
     unsigned long totalram;     /* Total usable main memory size */
     unsigned long freeram;      /* Available memory size */
     unsigned long sharedram;    /* Amount of shared memory */
     unsigned long bufferram;    /* Memory used by buffers */
     unsigned long totalswap;    /* Total swap space size */
     unsigned long freeswap;     /* swap space still available */
     unsigned short procs;       /* Number of current processes */
     unsigned short pad;     /* explicit padding for m68k */
     unsigned long totalhigh;    /* Total high memory size */
     unsigned long freehigh;     /* Available high memory size */
     unsigned int mem_unit;      /* Memory unit size in bytes */
     char _f[20-2*sizeof(long)-sizeof(int)]; /* Padding: libc5 uses this.. */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/time.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_CLOCK_REALTIME            0
 #define VKI_CLOCK_MONOTONIC           1
 #define VKI_CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID  2
 #define VKI_CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID   3
 
 struct vki_timespec {
     vki_time_t  tv_sec;     /* seconds */
     long        tv_nsec;    /* nanoseconds */
 };
 
 /* Special values for vki_timespec.tv_nsec when used with utimensat.  */
 #define VKI_UTIME_NOW  ((1l << 30) - 1l)
 #define VKI_UTIME_OMIT ((1l << 30) - 2l)
 
 struct vki_timeval {
     vki_time_t  tv_sec;     /* seconds */
     vki_suseconds_t tv_usec;    /* microseconds */
 };
 
 struct vki_timezone {
     int tz_minuteswest; /* minutes west of Greenwich */
     int tz_dsttime; /* type of dst correction */
 };
 
 struct  vki_itimerspec {
         struct  vki_timespec it_interval;    /* timer period */
         struct  vki_timespec it_value;       /* timer expiration */
 };
 
 struct  vki_itimerval {
     struct  vki_timeval it_interval;    /* timer interval */
     struct  vki_timeval it_value;   /* current value */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/timex.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_timex {
     unsigned int modes; /* mode selector */
     long offset;        /* time offset (usec) */
     long freq;      /* frequency offset (scaled ppm) */
     long maxerror;      /* maximum error (usec) */
     long esterror;      /* estimated error (usec) */
     int status;     /* clock command/status */
     long constant;      /* pll time constant */
     long precision;     /* clock precision (usec) (read only) */
     long tolerance;     /* clock frequency tolerance (ppm)
                  * (read only)
                  */
     struct vki_timeval time;    /* (read only) */
     long tick;      /* (modified) usecs between clock ticks */
 
     long ppsfreq;           /* pps frequency (scaled ppm) (ro) */
     long jitter;            /* pps jitter (us) (ro) */
     int shift;              /* interval duration (s) (shift) (ro) */
     long stabil;            /* pps stability (scaled ppm) (ro) */
     long jitcnt;            /* jitter limit exceeded (ro) */
     long calcnt;            /* calibration intervals (ro) */
     long errcnt;            /* calibration errors (ro) */
     long stbcnt;            /* stability limit exceeded (ro) */
 
     int  :32; int  :32; int  :32; int  :32;
     int  :32; int  :32; int  :32; int  :32;
     int  :32; int  :32; int  :32; int  :32;
 };
 
 #define VKI_ADJ_OFFSET          0x0001  /* time offset */
 #define VKI_ADJ_FREQUENCY       0x0002  /* frequency offset */
 #define VKI_ADJ_MAXERROR        0x0004  /* maximum time error */
 #define VKI_ADJ_ESTERROR        0x0008  /* estimated time error */
 #define VKI_ADJ_STATUS          0x0010  /* clock status */
 #define VKI_ADJ_TIMECONST       0x0020  /* pll time constant */
 #define VKI_ADJ_TAI         0x0080  /* set TAI offset */
 #define VKI_ADJ_TICK            0x4000  /* tick value */
 #define VKI_ADJ_ADJTIME         0x8000  /* switch between adjtime/adjtimex modes */
 //#define VKI_ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT 0x8001  /* old-fashioned adjtime */
 #define VKI_ADJ_OFFSET_READONLY     0x2000  /* read-only adjtime */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/times.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_tms {
     vki_clock_t tms_utime;
     vki_clock_t tms_stime;
     vki_clock_t tms_cutime;
     vki_clock_t tms_cstime;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/utime.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_utimbuf {
     vki_time_t actime;
     vki_time_t modtime;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/sched.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_CSIGNAL         0x000000ff  /* signal mask to be sent at exit */
 #define VKI_CLONE_VM            0x00000100  /* set if VM shared between processes */
 #define VKI_CLONE_FS            0x00000200  /* set if fs info shared between processes */
 #define VKI_CLONE_FILES         0x00000400  /* set if open files shared between processes */
 #define VKI_CLONE_SIGHAND       0x00000800  /* set if signal handlers and blocked signals shared */
 #define VKI_CLONE_PIDFD         0x00001000  /* set if a pidfd should be placed in parent */
 #define VKI_CLONE_PTRACE        0x00002000  /* set if we want to let tracing continue on the child too */
 #define VKI_CLONE_VFORK         0x00004000  /* set if the parent wants the child to wake it up on mm_release */
 #define VKI_CLONE_PARENT        0x00008000  /* set if we want to have the same parent as the cloner */
 #define VKI_CLONE_THREAD        0x00010000  /* Same thread group? */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWNS         0x00020000  /* New mount namespace group */
 #define VKI_CLONE_SYSVSEM       0x00040000  /* share system V SEM_UNDO semantics */
 #define VKI_CLONE_SETTLS        0x00080000  /* create a new TLS for the child */
 #define VKI_CLONE_PARENT_SETTID     0x00100000  /* set the TID in the parent */
 #define VKI_CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID    0x00200000  /* clear the TID in the child */
 #define VKI_CLONE_DETACHED      0x00400000  /* Unused, ignored */
 #define VKI_CLONE_UNTRACED      0x00800000  /* set if the tracing process can't force CLONE_PTRACE on this clone */
 #define VKI_CLONE_CHILD_SETTID      0x01000000  /* set the TID in the child */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWCGROUP     0x02000000  /* New cgroup namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWUTS        0x04000000  /* New utsname namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWIPC        0x08000000  /* New ipc namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWUSER       0x10000000  /* New user namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWPID        0x20000000  /* New pid namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_NEWNET        0x40000000  /* New network namespace */
 #define VKI_CLONE_IO            0x80000000  /* Clone io context */
 
 struct vki_sched_param {
     int sched_priority;
 };
 
 struct vki_sched_attr {
     vki_uint32_t size;
     vki_uint32_t sched_policy;
     vki_uint64_t sched_flags;
 
     /* SCHED_NORMAL, SCHED_BATCH */
     vki_int32_t sched_nice;
 
     /* SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR */
     vki_uint32_t sched_priority;
 
     /* SCHED_DEADLINE */
     vki_uint64_t sched_runtime;
     vki_uint64_t sched_deadline;
     vki_uint64_t sched_period;
 };
 
 #define VKI_TASK_COMM_LEN 16
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/asm-generic/siginfo.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // Some archs, such as MIPS, have non-standard vki_siginfo.
 #ifndef HAVE_ARCH_SIGINFO_T
 typedef union vki_sigval {
     int sival_int;
     void __user *sival_ptr;
 } vki_sigval_t;
 
 #ifndef __VKI_ARCH_SI_PREAMBLE_SIZE
 #define __VKI_ARCH_SI_PREAMBLE_SIZE (3 * sizeof(int))
 #endif
 
 #define VKI_SI_MAX_SIZE 128
 
 #ifndef VKI_SI_PAD_SIZE
 #define VKI_SI_PAD_SIZE ((VKI_SI_MAX_SIZE - __VKI_ARCH_SI_PREAMBLE_SIZE) / sizeof(int))
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T
 #define __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T vki_uid_t
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __VKI_ARCH_SI_BAND_T
 #define __VKI_ARCH_SI_BAND_T long
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __VKI_ARCH_SI_CLOCK_T
 #define __VKI_ARCH_SI_CLOCK_T vki_clock_t
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __VKI_ARCH_SI_ATTRIBUTES
 #define __VKI_ARCH_SI_ATTRIBUTES
 #endif
 
 // [[Nb: this type changed between 2.4 and 2.6, but not in a way that
 // affects Valgrind.]]
 typedef struct vki_siginfo {
     int si_signo;
     int si_errno;
     int si_code;
 
     union {
         int _pad[VKI_SI_PAD_SIZE];
 
         /* kill() */
         struct {
             vki_pid_t _pid;     /* sender's pid */
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T _uid;   /* sender's uid */
         } _kill;
 
         /* POSIX.1b timers */
         struct {
             vki_timer_t _tid;       /* timer id */
             int _overrun;       /* overrun count */
             char _pad[sizeof( __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T) - sizeof(int)];
             vki_sigval_t _sigval;   /* same as below */
             int _sys_private;       /* not to be passed to user */
         } _timer;
 
         /* POSIX.1b signals */
         struct {
             vki_pid_t _pid;     /* sender's pid */
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T _uid;   /* sender's uid */
             vki_sigval_t _sigval;
         } _rt;
 
         /* SIGCHLD */
         struct {
             vki_pid_t _pid;     /* which child */
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_UID_T _uid;   /* sender's uid */
             int _status;        /* exit code */
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_CLOCK_T _utime;
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_CLOCK_T _stime;
         } _sigchld;
 
         /* SIGILL, SIGFPE, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS */
         struct {
             void __user *_addr; /* faulting insn/memory ref. */
 #ifdef __ARCH_SI_TRAPNO
             int _trapno;    /* TRAP # which caused the signal */
 #endif
         } _sigfault;
 
         /* SIGPOLL */
         struct {
             __VKI_ARCH_SI_BAND_T _band; /* POLL_IN, POLL_OUT, POLL_MSG */
             int _fd;
         } _sigpoll;
     } _sifields;
 } __VKI_ARCH_SI_ATTRIBUTES vki_siginfo_t;
 #endif
 
 #define __VKI_SI_FAULT  0
 
 /*
  * si_code values
  * Digital reserves positive values for kernel-generated signals.
  */
 #define VKI_SI_USER 0       /* sent by kill, sigsend, raise */
 #define VKI_SI_TKILL    -6      /* sent by tkill system call */
 
 /*
  * SIGILL si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_ILL_ILLOPC  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* illegal opcode */
 #define VKI_ILL_ILLOPN  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* illegal operand */
 #define VKI_ILL_ILLADR  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|3)  /* illegal addressing mode */
 #define VKI_ILL_ILLTRP  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|4)  /* illegal trap */
 #define VKI_ILL_PRVOPC  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|5)  /* privileged opcode */
 #define VKI_ILL_PRVREG  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|6)  /* privileged register */
 #define VKI_ILL_COPROC  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|7)  /* coprocessor error */
 #define VKI_ILL_BADSTK  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|8)  /* internal stack error */
 
 /*
  * SIGFPE si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_FPE_INTDIV  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* integer divide by zero */
 #define VKI_FPE_INTOVF  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* integer overflow */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTDIV  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|3)  /* floating point divide by zero */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTOVF  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|4)  /* floating point overflow */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTUND  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|5)  /* floating point underflow */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTRES  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|6)  /* floating point inexact result */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTINV  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|7)  /* floating point invalid operation */
 #define VKI_FPE_FLTSUB  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|8)  /* subscript out of range */
 
 /*
  * SIGSEGV si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_SEGV_MAPERR (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* address not mapped to object */
 #define VKI_SEGV_ACCERR (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* invalid permissions for mapped object */
 
 /*
  * SIGBUS si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_BUS_ADRALN  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* invalid address alignment */
 #define VKI_BUS_ADRERR  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* non-existent physical address */
 #define VKI_BUS_OBJERR  (__VKI_SI_FAULT|3)  /* object specific hardware error */
 
 /*
  * SIGTRAP si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_TRAP_BRKPT      (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* process breakpoint */
 #define VKI_TRAP_TRACE      (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* process trace trap */
 
 /*
  * SIGCHLD si_codes
  */
 #define VKI_CLD_EXITED    (__VKI_SI_FAULT|1)  /* child has exited */
 #define VKI_CLD_KILLED    (__VKI_SI_FAULT|2)  /* child was killed */
 #define VKI_CLD_DUMPED    (__VKI_SI_FAULT|3)  /* child terminated abnormally */
 #define VKI_CLD_TRAPPED   (__VKI_SI_FAULT|4)  /* traced child has trapped */
 #define VKI_CLD_STOPPED   (__VKI_SI_FAULT|5)  /* child has stopped */
 #define VKI_CLD_CONTINUED (__VKI_SI_FAULT|6)  /* stopped child has continued */
 
 /*
  * This works because the alignment is ok on all current architectures
  * but we leave open this being overridden in the future
  */
 #ifndef VKI___ARCH_SIGEV_PREAMBLE_SIZE
 #define VKI___ARCH_SIGEV_PREAMBLE_SIZE  (sizeof(int) * 2 + sizeof(vki_sigval_t))
 #endif
 
 #define VKI_SIGEV_MAX_SIZE  64
 #define VKI_SIGEV_PAD_SIZE  ((VKI_SIGEV_MAX_SIZE - VKI___ARCH_SIGEV_PREAMBLE_SIZE) \
         / sizeof(int))
 
 /* This is the flag the kernel handles, userspace/glibc handles SEGEV_THEAD. */
 #define VKI_SIGEV_THREAD_ID 4
 
 typedef struct vki_sigevent {
     vki_sigval_t sigev_value;
     int sigev_signo;
     int sigev_notify;
     union {
         int _pad[VKI_SIGEV_PAD_SIZE];
          int _tid;
 
         struct {
             void (*_function)(vki_sigval_t);
             void *_attribute;   /* really pthread_attr_t */
         } _sigev_thread;
     } _sigev_un;
 } vki_sigevent_t;
 
 #define vki_sigev_notify_thread_id  _sigev_un._tid
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From elsewhere...
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // [[The kernel actually uses the numbers 0,1,2 directly here, believe it or
 // not.  So we introduce our own constants, based on the glibc ones.]]
 #define VKI_SEEK_SET              0
 #define VKI_SEEK_CUR              1
 #define VKI_SEEK_END              2
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/net.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_SYS_SOCKET      1   /* sys_socket(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_BIND        2   /* sys_bind(2)          */
 #define VKI_SYS_CONNECT     3   /* sys_connect(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_LISTEN      4   /* sys_listen(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_ACCEPT      5   /* sys_accept(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_GETSOCKNAME 6   /* sys_getsockname(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_GETPEERNAME 7   /* sys_getpeername(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_SOCKETPAIR  8   /* sys_socketpair(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_SEND        9   /* sys_send(2)          */
 #define VKI_SYS_RECV        10  /* sys_recv(2)          */
 #define VKI_SYS_SENDTO      11  /* sys_sendto(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_RECVFROM    12  /* sys_recvfrom(2)      */
 #define VKI_SYS_SHUTDOWN    13  /* sys_shutdown(2)      */
 #define VKI_SYS_SETSOCKOPT  14  /* sys_setsockopt(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_GETSOCKOPT  15  /* sys_getsockopt(2)        */
 #define VKI_SYS_SENDMSG     16  /* sys_sendmsg(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_RECVMSG     17  /* sys_recvmsg(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_ACCEPT4     18  /* sys_accept4(2)       */
 #define VKI_SYS_RECVMMSG    19  /* sys_recvmmsg(2)              */
 #define VKI_SYS_SENDMMSG    20  /* sys_sendmmsg(2)              */
 
 #ifndef ARCH_HAS_SOCKET_TYPES
 enum vki_sock_type {
     VKI_SOCK_STREAM = 1,
     // [[others omitted]]
 };
 #endif /* ARCH_HAS_SOCKET_TYPES */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/uio.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_iovec
 {
     void __user *iov_base;  /* BSD uses caddr_t (1003.1g requires void *) */
     __vki_kernel_size_t iov_len; /* Must be size_t (1003.1g) */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/socket.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // [[Resolved arbitrarily;  doesn't really matter whether it's '__inline__'
 //   or 'inline']]
 #define __KINLINE static __inline__
 
 typedef unsigned short  vki_sa_family_t;
 
 struct vki_sockaddr {
     vki_sa_family_t sa_family;  /* address family, AF_xxx   */
     char        sa_data[14];    /* 14 bytes of protocol address */
 };
 
 struct vki_msghdr {
     void    *   msg_name;   /* Socket name          */
     int     msg_namelen;    /* Length of name       */
     struct vki_iovec *  msg_iov;    /* Data blocks          */
     __vki_kernel_size_t msg_iovlen; /* Number of blocks     */
     void    *   msg_control;    /* Per protocol magic (eg BSD file descriptor passing) */
     __vki_kernel_size_t msg_controllen; /* Length of cmsg list */
     unsigned    msg_flags;
 };
 
 struct vki_mmsghdr {
     struct vki_msghdr   msg_hdr;
     unsigned        msg_len;
 };
 
 struct vki_cmsghdr {
     __vki_kernel_size_t cmsg_len;   /* data byte count, including hdr */
         int     cmsg_level; /* originating protocol */
         int     cmsg_type;  /* protocol-specific type */
 };
 
 #define __VKI_CMSG_NXTHDR(ctl, len, cmsg) __vki_cmsg_nxthdr((ctl),(len),(cmsg))
 #define VKI_CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cmsg) vki_cmsg_nxthdr((mhdr), (cmsg))
 
 #define VKI_CMSG_ALIGN(len) ( ((len)+sizeof(long)-1) & ~(sizeof(long)-1) )
 
 #define VKI_CMSG_DATA(cmsg) ((void *)((char *)(cmsg) + VKI_CMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct vki_cmsghdr))))
 
 #define __VKI_CMSG_FIRSTHDR(ctl,len) ((len) >= sizeof(struct vki_cmsghdr) ? \
                   (struct vki_cmsghdr *)(ctl) : \
                   (struct vki_cmsghdr *)NULL)
 #define VKI_CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msg)  __VKI_CMSG_FIRSTHDR((msg)->msg_control, (msg)->msg_controllen)
 
 // [[Urgh, this is revolting...]
 __KINLINE struct vki_cmsghdr * __vki_cmsg_nxthdr(void *__ctl, __vki_kernel_size_t __size,
                            struct vki_cmsghdr *__cmsg)
 {
     struct vki_cmsghdr * __ptr;
 
     __ptr = ASSUME_ALIGNED(struct vki_cmsghdr *,
             ((unsigned char *) __cmsg) +  VKI_CMSG_ALIGN(__cmsg->cmsg_len));
     if ((unsigned long)((char*)(__ptr+1) - (char *) __ctl) > __size)
         return (struct vki_cmsghdr *)0;
 
     return __ptr;
 }
 
 __KINLINE struct vki_cmsghdr * vki_cmsg_nxthdr (struct vki_msghdr *__msg, struct vki_cmsghdr *__cmsg)
 {
     return __vki_cmsg_nxthdr(__msg->msg_control, __msg->msg_controllen, __cmsg);
 }
 
 #define VKI_SCM_RIGHTS  0x01        /* rw: access rights (array of int) */
 
 #define VKI_AF_UNSPEC   0
 #define VKI_AF_UNIX 1   /* Unix domain sockets      */
 #define VKI_AF_INET 2   /* Internet IP Protocol     */
 #define VKI_AF_INET6    10  /* IP version 6         */
 #define VKI_AF_NETLINK  16
 #define VKI_AF_BLUETOOTH 31 /* Bluetooth sockets        */
 
 #define VKI_MSG_NOSIGNAL    0x4000  /* Do not generate SIGPIPE */
 
 #define VKI_SOL_SCTP    132
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/in.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_in_addr {
     __vki_u32   s_addr;
 };
 
 /* Structure describing an Internet (IP) socket address. */
 #define __VKI_SOCK_SIZE__   16  /* sizeof(struct sockaddr)  */
 struct vki_sockaddr_in {
   vki_sa_family_t   sin_family; /* Address family       */
   unsigned short int    sin_port;   /* Port number          */
   struct vki_in_addr    sin_addr;   /* Internet address     */
 
   /* Pad to size of `struct sockaddr'. */
   unsigned char     __pad[__VKI_SOCK_SIZE__ - sizeof(short int) -
             sizeof(unsigned short int) - sizeof(struct vki_in_addr)];
 };
 
 #define VKI_IPPROTO_TCP 6       /* Transmission Control Protocol        */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/in6.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_in6_addr
 {
     union 
     {
         __vki_u8    u6_addr8[16];
         __vki_u16   u6_addr16[8];
         __vki_u32   u6_addr32[4];
     } vki_in6_u;
 #define vki_s6_addr     vki_in6_u.u6_addr8
 #define vki_s6_addr16       vki_in6_u.u6_addr16
 #define vki_s6_addr32       vki_in6_u.u6_addr32
 };
 
 struct vki_sockaddr_in6 {
     unsigned short int  sin6_family;    /* AF_INET6 */
     __vki_u16       sin6_port;      /* Transport layer port # */
     __vki_u32       sin6_flowinfo;  /* IPv6 flow information */
     struct vki_in6_addr sin6_addr;      /* IPv6 address */
     __vki_u32       sin6_scope_id;  /* scope id (new in RFC2553) */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/tcp.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_TCP_NODELAY    1       /* Turn off Nagle's algorithm. */
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/un.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_UNIX_PATH_MAX   108
 
 struct vki_sockaddr_un {
     vki_sa_family_t sun_family; /* AF_UNIX */
     char sun_path[VKI_UNIX_PATH_MAX];   /* pathname */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.15.8/include/uapi/linux/netlink.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_sockaddr_nl {
         vki_sa_family_t    nl_family;      /* AF_NETLINK   */
         unsigned short     nl_pad;         /* zero         */
         __vki_u32          nl_pid;         /* port ID      */
         __vki_u32          nl_groups;      /* multicast groups mask */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/if.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_IFNAMSIZ    16
 
 struct vki_ifmap 
 {
     unsigned long mem_start;
     unsigned long mem_end;
     unsigned short base_addr; 
     unsigned char irq;
     unsigned char dma;
     unsigned char port;
     /* 3 bytes spare */
 };
 
 struct vki_if_settings
 {
     unsigned int type;  /* Type of physical device or protocol */
     unsigned int size;  /* Size of the data allocated by the caller */
     union {
                 // [[Nb: converted these all to void* to avoid pulling in
                 //   unnecessary headers]]]
         /* {atm/eth/dsl}_settings anyone ? */
         void /*raw_hdlc_proto       */__user *raw_hdlc;
         void /*cisco_proto      */__user *cisco;
         void /*fr_proto         */__user *fr;
         void /*fr_proto_pvc     */__user *fr_pvc;
         void /*fr_proto_pvc_info    */__user *fr_pvc_info;
 
         /* interface settings */
         void /*sync_serial_settings */__user *sync;
         void /*te1_settings     */__user *te1;
     } ifs_ifsu;
 };
 
 struct vki_ifreq 
 {
 #define VKI_IFHWADDRLEN 6
     union
     {
         char    ifrn_name[VKI_IFNAMSIZ];        /* if name, e.g. "en0" */
     } ifr_ifrn;
     
     union {
         struct  vki_sockaddr ifru_addr;
         struct  vki_sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
         struct  vki_sockaddr ifru_broadaddr;
         struct  vki_sockaddr ifru_netmask;
         struct  vki_sockaddr ifru_hwaddr;
         short   ifru_flags;
         int ifru_ivalue;
         int ifru_mtu;
         struct  vki_ifmap ifru_map;
         char    ifru_slave[VKI_IFNAMSIZ];   /* Just fits the size */
         char    ifru_newname[VKI_IFNAMSIZ];
         void __user *   ifru_data;
         struct  vki_if_settings ifru_settings;
     } ifr_ifru;
 };
 
 #define vki_ifr_name    ifr_ifrn.ifrn_name  /* interface name   */
 #define vki_ifr_hwaddr  ifr_ifru.ifru_hwaddr    /* MAC address      */
 #define vki_ifr_addr    ifr_ifru.ifru_addr  /* address      */
 #define vki_ifr_dstaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_dstaddr   /* other end of p-p lnk */
 #define vki_ifr_broadaddr ifr_ifru.ifru_broadaddr /* broadcast address  */
 #define vki_ifr_netmask ifr_ifru.ifru_netmask   /* interface net mask   */
 #define vki_ifr_flags   ifr_ifru.ifru_flags /* flags        */
 #define vki_ifr_metric  ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue    /* metric       */
 #define vki_ifr_mtu ifr_ifru.ifru_mtu   /* mtu          */
 #define vki_ifr_map ifr_ifru.ifru_map   /* device map       */
 #define vki_ifr_slave   ifr_ifru.ifru_slave /* slave device     */
 #define vki_ifr_data    ifr_ifru.ifru_data  /* for use by interface */
 #define vki_ifr_ifindex ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue    /* interface index  */
 #define vki_ifr_bandwidth ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue  /* link bandwidth   */
 #define vki_ifr_qlen    ifr_ifru.ifru_ivalue    /* Queue length     */
 #define vki_ifr_newname ifr_ifru.ifru_newname   /* New name     */
 #define vki_ifr_settings ifr_ifru.ifru_settings /* Device/proto settings*/
 
 struct vki_ifconf 
 {
     int ifc_len;            /* size of buffer   */
     union 
     {
         char __user *ifcu_buf;
         struct vki_ifreq __user *ifcu_req;
     } ifc_ifcu;
 };
 #define vki_ifc_buf ifc_ifcu.ifcu_buf   /* buffer address   */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/if_arp.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_arpreq {
   struct vki_sockaddr   arp_pa;     /* protocol address     */
   struct vki_sockaddr   arp_ha;     /* hardware address     */
   int           arp_flags;  /* flags            */
   struct vki_sockaddr   arp_netmask;    /* netmask (only for proxy arps) */
   char          arp_dev[16];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/route.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_rtentry 
 {
     unsigned long   rt_pad1;
     struct vki_sockaddr rt_dst;     /* target address       */
     struct vki_sockaddr rt_gateway; /* gateway addr (RTF_GATEWAY)   */
     struct vki_sockaddr rt_genmask; /* target network mask (IP) */
     unsigned short  rt_flags;
     short       rt_pad2;
     unsigned long   rt_pad3;
     void        *rt_pad4;
     short       rt_metric;  /* +1 for binary compatibility! */
     char __user *rt_dev;    /* forcing the device at add    */
     unsigned long   rt_mtu;     /* per route MTU/Window     */
 // [[Not important for Valgrind]]
 //#ifndef __KERNEL__
 //#define rt_mss    rt_mtu      /* Compatibility :-(            */
 //#endif
     unsigned long   rt_window;  /* Window clamping      */
     unsigned short  rt_irtt;    /* Initial RTT          */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.13-rc5/include/net/sctp/user.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef __vki_s32 vki_sctp_assoc_t;
 
 enum vki_sctp_optname {
     VKI_SCTP_RTOINFO,
 #define VKI_SCTP_RTOINFO VKI_SCTP_RTOINFO
     VKI_SCTP_ASSOCINFO,
 #define VKI_SCTP_ASSOCINFO VKI_SCTP_ASSOCINFO
     VKI_SCTP_INITMSG,
 #define VKI_SCTP_INITMSG VKI_SCTP_INITMSG
     VKI_SCTP_NODELAY,   /* Get/set nodelay option. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_NODELAY    VKI_SCTP_NODELAY
     VKI_SCTP_AUTOCLOSE,
 #define VKI_SCTP_AUTOCLOSE VKI_SCTP_AUTOCLOSE
     VKI_SCTP_SET_PEER_PRIMARY_ADDR, 
 #define VKI_SCTP_SET_PEER_PRIMARY_ADDR VKI_SCTP_SET_PEER_PRIMARY_ADDR
     VKI_SCTP_PRIMARY_ADDR,
 #define VKI_SCTP_PRIMARY_ADDR VKI_SCTP_PRIMARY_ADDR
     VKI_SCTP_ADAPTION_LAYER,      
 #define VKI_SCTP_ADAPTION_LAYER VKI_SCTP_ADAPTION_LAYER
     VKI_SCTP_DISABLE_FRAGMENTS,
 #define VKI_SCTP_DISABLE_FRAGMENTS VKI_SCTP_DISABLE_FRAGMENTS
     VKI_SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS,
 #define VKI_SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS VKI_SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS
     VKI_SCTP_DEFAULT_SEND_PARAM,
 #define VKI_SCTP_DEFAULT_SEND_PARAM VKI_SCTP_DEFAULT_SEND_PARAM
     VKI_SCTP_EVENTS,
 #define VKI_SCTP_EVENTS VKI_SCTP_EVENTS
     VKI_SCTP_I_WANT_MAPPED_V4_ADDR,  /* Turn on/off mapped v4 addresses  */
 #define VKI_SCTP_I_WANT_MAPPED_V4_ADDR VKI_SCTP_I_WANT_MAPPED_V4_ADDR
     VKI_SCTP_MAXSEG,    /* Get/set maximum fragment. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_MAXSEG     VKI_SCTP_MAXSEG
     VKI_SCTP_STATUS,
 #define VKI_SCTP_STATUS VKI_SCTP_STATUS
     VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDR_INFO,
 #define VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDR_INFO VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDR_INFO
 
     /* Internal Socket Options. Some of the sctp library functions are 
      * implemented using these socket options.
      */
     VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_ADD = 100,/* BINDX requests for adding addresses. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_ADD  VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_ADD
     VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_REM, /* BINDX requests for removing addresses. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_REM  VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_REM
     VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_PEELOFF,   /* peel off association. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_PEELOFF    VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_PEELOFF
     VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS_NUM,    /* Get number of peer addresss. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS_NUM VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS_NUM
     VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS,    /* Get all peer addresss. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS VKI_SCTP_GET_PEER_ADDRS
     VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS_NUM,   /* Get number of local addresss. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS_NUM    VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS_NUM
     VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS,   /* Get all local addresss. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS    VKI_SCTP_GET_LOCAL_ADDRS
     VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_CONNECTX, /* CONNECTX requests. */
 #define VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_CONNECTX   VKI_SCTP_SOCKOPT_CONNECTX
 };
 
 struct vki_sctp_getaddrs {
     vki_sctp_assoc_t        assoc_id;
     int         addr_num;
     struct vki_sockaddr *addrs;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/resource.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_RUSAGE_SELF     0
 #define VKI_RUSAGE_CHILDREN (-1)
 #define VKI_RUSAGE_BOTH     (-2)        /* sys_wait4() uses this */
 #define VKI_RUSAGE_THREAD   1           /* only the calling thread */
 
 struct  vki_rusage {
     struct vki_timeval ru_utime;    /* user time used */
     struct vki_timeval ru_stime;    /* system time used */
     long    ru_maxrss;      /* maximum resident set size */
     long    ru_ixrss;       /* integral shared memory size */
     long    ru_idrss;       /* integral unshared data size */
     long    ru_isrss;       /* integral unshared stack size */
     long    ru_minflt;      /* page reclaims */
     long    ru_majflt;      /* page faults */
     long    ru_nswap;       /* swaps */
     long    ru_inblock;     /* block input operations */
     long    ru_oublock;     /* block output operations */
     long    ru_msgsnd;      /* messages sent */
     long    ru_msgrcv;      /* messages received */
     long    ru_nsignals;        /* signals received */
     long    ru_nvcsw;       /* voluntary context switches */
     long    ru_nivcsw;      /* involuntary " */
 };
 
 struct vki_rlimit {
     unsigned long   rlim_cur;
     unsigned long   rlim_max;
 };
 
 struct vki_rlimit64 {
     __vki_u64 rlim_cur;
     __vki_u64 rlim_max;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/elfcore.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_elf_siginfo
 {
     int si_signo;           /* signal number */
     int si_code;            /* extra code */
     int si_errno;           /* errno */
 };
 
 // [[Removed some commented out lines here]]
 struct vki_elf_prstatus
 {
     struct vki_elf_siginfo pr_info; /* Info associated with signal */
     short   pr_cursig;      /* Current signal */
     unsigned long pr_sigpend;   /* Set of pending signals */
     unsigned long pr_sighold;   /* Set of held signals */
     vki_pid_t   pr_pid;
     vki_pid_t   pr_ppid;
     vki_pid_t   pr_pgrp;
     vki_pid_t   pr_sid;
     struct vki_timeval pr_utime;    /* User time */
     struct vki_timeval pr_stime;    /* System time */
     struct vki_timeval pr_cutime;   /* Cumulative user time */
     struct vki_timeval pr_cstime;   /* Cumulative system time */
     vki_elf_gregset_t pr_reg;   /* GP registers */
     int pr_fpvalid;     /* True if math co-processor being used.  */
 };
 
 #define VKI_ELF_PRARGSZ (80)    /* Number of chars for args */
 
 struct vki_elf_prpsinfo
 {
     char    pr_state;   /* numeric process state */
     char    pr_sname;   /* char for pr_state */
     char    pr_zomb;    /* zombie */
     char    pr_nice;    /* nice val */
     unsigned long pr_flag;  /* flags */
     __vki_kernel_uid_t  pr_uid;
     __vki_kernel_gid_t  pr_gid;
     vki_pid_t   pr_pid, pr_ppid, pr_pgrp, pr_sid;
     /* Lots missing */
     char    pr_fname[16];   /* filename of executable */
     char    pr_psargs[VKI_ELF_PRARGSZ]; /* initial part of arg list */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.12.1/include/linux/eventpoll.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* Valid opcodes to issue to sys_epoll_ctl() */
 #define VKI_EPOLL_CTL_ADD 1
 #define VKI_EPOLL_CTL_DEL 2
 #define VKI_EPOLL_CTL_MOD 3
 
 #ifdef __x86_64__
 #define VKI_EPOLL_PACKED __attribute__((packed))
 #else
 #define VKI_EPOLL_PACKED
 #endif
 
 struct vki_epoll_event {
     __vki_u32 events;
     __vki_u64 data;
 } VKI_EPOLL_PACKED;
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/mqueue.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_mq_attr {
     long    mq_flags;   /* message queue flags          */
     long    mq_maxmsg;  /* maximum number of messages       */
     long    mq_msgsize; /* maximum message size         */
     long    mq_curmsgs; /* number of messages currently queued  */
     long    __reserved[4];  /* ignored for input, zeroed for output */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/utsname.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_new_utsname {
     char sysname[65];
     char nodename[65];
     char release[65];
     char version[65];
     char machine[65];
     char domainname[65];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/mii.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* This structure is used in all SIOCxMIIxxx ioctl calls */
 struct vki_mii_ioctl_data {
     vki_u16     phy_id;
     vki_u16     reg_num;
     vki_u16     val_in;
     vki_u16     val_out;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/capability.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // [[capget()/capset() man page says this, ominously:
 //
 //   The kernel API is likely to change and use of these functions  (in
 //   particular the format of the cap_user_*_t types) is subject to
 //   change with each kernel revision.
 //
 // However, the format hasn't changed since at least Linux 2.4.6.]]
 
 typedef struct __vki_user_cap_header_struct {
     __vki_u32 version;
     int pid;
 } __user *vki_cap_user_header_t;
  
 typedef struct __vki_user_cap_data_struct {
         __vki_u32 effective;
         __vki_u32 permitted;
         __vki_u32 inheritable;
 } __user *vki_cap_user_data_t;
   
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/module.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // [[We do a VKI_SIZEOF_* here because this type is so big, and its size
 //   depends on the word size, so see vki_arch.h]]
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/ipc.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* Obsolete, used only for backwards compatibility and libc5 compiles */
 struct vki_ipc_perm
 {
     __vki_kernel_key_t  key;
     __vki_kernel_uid_t  uid;
     __vki_kernel_gid_t  gid;
     __vki_kernel_uid_t  cuid;
     __vki_kernel_gid_t  cgid;
     __vki_kernel_mode_t mode; 
     unsigned short  seq;
 };
 
 #define VKI_IPC_CREAT  00001000   /* create if key is nonexistent */
 #define VKI_IPC_EXCL   00002000   /* fail if key exists */
 #define VKI_IPC_NOWAIT 00004000   /* return error on wait */
 
 //#define VKI_IPC_RMID 0     /* remove resource */
 #define VKI_IPC_SET  1     /* set ipc_perm options */
 #define VKI_IPC_STAT 2     /* get ipc_perm options */
 #define VKI_IPC_INFO 3     /* see ipcs */
 
 #define VKI_IPC_64  0x0100  /* New version (support 32-bit UIDs, bigger
                    message sizes, etc. */
 // From /usr/include/bits/shm.h
 # define VKI_SHM_HUGETLB   04000
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/sem.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_GETALL  13       /* get all semval's */
 #define VKI_SETVAL  16       /* set semval */
 #define VKI_SETALL  17       /* set all semval's */
 
 #define VKI_SEM_STAT 18
 #define VKI_SEM_INFO 19
 
 /* Obsolete, used only for backwards compatibility and libc5 compiles */
 struct vki_semid_ds {
     struct vki_ipc_perm sem_perm;       /* permissions .. see ipc.h */
     __vki_kernel_time_t sem_otime;      /* last semop time */
     __vki_kernel_time_t sem_ctime;      /* last change time */
         // [[Use void* to avoid excess header copying]]
     void/*struct sem    */*sem_base;        /* ptr to first semaphore in array */
     void/*struct sem_queue */*sem_pending;      /* pending operations to be processed */
     void/*struct sem_queue */**sem_pending_last;    /* last pending operation */
     void/*struct sem_undo   */*undo;            /* undo requests on this array */
     unsigned short  sem_nsems;      /* no. of semaphores in array */
 };
 
 struct vki_sembuf {
     unsigned short  sem_num;    /* semaphore index in array */
     short       sem_op;     /* semaphore operation */
     short       sem_flg;    /* operation flags */
 };
 
 union vki_semun {
     int val;            /* value for SETVAL */
     struct vki_semid_ds __user *buf;    /* buffer for IPC_STAT & IPC_SET */
     struct vki_semid64_ds __user *buf64;    /* buffer for IPC_STAT & IPC_SET */
     unsigned short __user *array;   /* array for GETALL & SETALL */
     struct vki_seminfo __user *__buf;   /* buffer for IPC_INFO */
     void __user *__pad;
 };
 
 struct  vki_seminfo {
     int semmap;
     int semmni;
     int semmns;
     int semmnu;
     int semmsl;
     int semopm;
     int semume;
     int semusz;
     int semvmx;
     int semaem;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/asm-generic/errno-base.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_EPERM        1  /* Operation not permitted */
 #define VKI_ENOENT       2  /* No such file or directory */
 #define VKI_ESRCH        3  /* No such process */
 #define VKI_EINTR        4  /* Interrupted system call */
 #define VKI_EIO          5  /* I/O error */
 #define VKI_ENXIO        6  /* No such device or address */
 #define VKI_E2BIG        7  /* Argument list too long */
 #define VKI_ENOEXEC      8  /* Exec format error */
 #define VKI_EBADF        9  /* Bad file number */
 #define VKI_ECHILD      10  /* No child processes */
 #define VKI_EAGAIN      11  /* Try again */
 #define VKI_ENOMEM      12  /* Out of memory */
 #define VKI_EACCES      13  /* Permission denied */
 #define VKI_EFAULT      14  /* Bad address */
 #define VKI_ENOTBLK     15  /* Block device required */
 #define VKI_EBUSY       16  /* Device or resource busy */
 #define VKI_EEXIST      17  /* File exists */
 #define VKI_EXDEV       18  /* Cross-device link */
 #define VKI_ENODEV      19  /* No such device */
 #define VKI_ENOTDIR     20  /* Not a directory */
 #define VKI_EISDIR      21  /* Is a directory */
 #define VKI_EINVAL      22  /* Invalid argument */
 #define VKI_ENFILE      23  /* File table overflow */
 #define VKI_EMFILE      24  /* Too many open files */
 #define VKI_ENOTTY      25  /* Not a typewriter */
 #define VKI_ETXTBSY     26  /* Text file busy */
 #define VKI_EFBIG       27  /* File too large */
 #define VKI_ENOSPC      28  /* No space left on device */
 #define VKI_ESPIPE      29  /* Illegal seek */
 #define VKI_EROFS       30  /* Read-only file system */
 #define VKI_EMLINK      31  /* Too many links */
 #define VKI_EPIPE       32  /* Broken pipe */
 #define VKI_EDOM        33  /* Math argument out of domain of func */
 #define VKI_ERANGE      34  /* Math result not representable */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/asm-generic/errno.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_EWOULDBLOCK     VKI_EAGAIN
 
 #define VKI_ELOOP 40
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/wait.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_WNOHANG 0x00000001
 
 #define __VKI_WALL  0x40000000  /* Wait on all children, regardless of type */
 #define __VKI_WCLONE    0x80000000  /* Wait only on non-SIGCHLD children */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/mman.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_MREMAP_MAYMOVE  1
 #define VKI_MREMAP_FIXED    2
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Common madvise flags mman-common.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_MADV_GUARD_INSTALL 102
 #define VKI_MADV_GUARD_REMOVE  103
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.31-rc4/include/linux/futex.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAIT (0)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAKE (1)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_FD (2)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_REQUEUE (3)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE (4)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAKE_OP (5)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_LOCK_PI (6)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI (7)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_TRYLOCK_PI (8)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET (9)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAKE_BITSET (10)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_WAIT_REQUEUE_PI (11)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PI (12)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG (128)
 #define VKI_FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME (256)
 
 struct vki_robust_list {
     struct vki_robust_list __user *next;
 };
 
 struct vki_robust_list_head {
     /*
      * The head of the list. Points back to itself if empty:
      */
     struct vki_robust_list list;
 
     /*
      * This relative offset is set by user-space, it gives the kernel
      * the relative position of the futex field to examine. This way
      * we keep userspace flexible, to freely shape its data-structure,
      * without hardcoding any particular offset into the kernel:
      */
     long futex_offset;
 
     /*
      * The death of the thread may race with userspace setting
      * up a lock's links. So to handle this race, userspace first
      * sets this field to the address of the to-be-taken lock,
      * then does the lock acquire, and then adds itself to the
      * list, and then clears this field. Hence the kernel will
      * always have full knowledge of all locks that the thread
      * _might_ have taken. We check the owner TID in any case,
      * so only truly owned locks will be handled.
      */
     struct vki_robust_list __user *list_op_pending;
 };
 
 /* Introduced in linux commit bf69bad38cf63d980e8a603f8d1bd1f85b5ed3d9 */
 struct vki_futex_waitv {
     __vki_u64 val;
     __vki_u64 uaddr;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 __reserved;
 };
 
 struct vki__kernel_timespec {
     long long tv_sec;
     long long tv_nsec;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/errno.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_ERESTARTSYS 512
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/stat.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_S_IFMT  00170000
 #define VKI_S_IFSOCK 0140000
 #define VKI_S_IFLNK  0120000
 #define VKI_S_IFREG  0100000
 #define VKI_S_IFBLK  0060000
 #define VKI_S_IFDIR  0040000
 #define VKI_S_IFCHR  0020000
 #define VKI_S_IFIFO  0010000
 #define VKI_S_ISUID  0004000
 #define VKI_S_ISGID  0002000
 #define VKI_S_ISVTX  0001000
 
 #define VKI_S_ISLNK(m)  (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFLNK)
 #define VKI_S_ISREG(m)  (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFREG)
 #define VKI_S_ISDIR(m)  (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFDIR)
 #define VKI_S_ISCHR(m)  (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFCHR)
 #define VKI_S_ISBLK(m)  (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFBLK)
 #define VKI_S_ISFIFO(m) (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFIFO)
 #define VKI_S_ISSOCK(m) (((m) & VKI_S_IFMT) == VKI_S_IFSOCK)
 
 #define VKI_S_IRWXU 00700
 #define VKI_S_IRUSR 00400
 #define VKI_S_IWUSR 00200
 #define VKI_S_IXUSR 00100
 
 #define VKI_S_IRWXG 00070
 #define VKI_S_IRGRP 00040
 #define VKI_S_IWGRP 00020
 #define VKI_S_IXGRP 00010
 
 #define VKI_S_IRWXO 00007
 #define VKI_S_IROTH 00004
 #define VKI_S_IWOTH 00002
 #define VKI_S_IXOTH 00001
 
 #define VKI_STATX_ALL 0x00000FFFU
 
 struct vki_statx_timestamp {
         __vki_s64   tv_sec;
         __vki_u32   tv_nsec;
         __vki_s32   __reserved;
 };
 
 struct vki_statx {
         /* 0x00 */
         __vki_u32   stx_mask;       /* What results were written [uncond] */
         __vki_u32   stx_blksize;    /* Preferred general I/O size [uncond] */
         __vki_u64   stx_attributes; /* Flags conveying information about the file [uncond] */
         /* 0x10 */
         __vki_u32   stx_nlink;      /* Number of hard links */
         __vki_u32   stx_uid;        /* User ID of owner */
         __vki_u32   stx_gid;        /* Group ID of owner */
         __vki_u16   stx_mode;       /* File mode */
         __vki_u16   __spare0[1];
         /* 0x20 */
         __vki_u64   stx_ino;        /* Inode number */
         __vki_u64   stx_size;       /* File size */
         __vki_u64   stx_blocks;     /* Number of 512-byte blocks allocated */
         __vki_u64   stx_attributes_mask; /* Mask to show what's supported in stx_attributes */
         /* 0x40 */
         struct vki_statx_timestamp  stx_atime;      /* Last access time */
         struct vki_statx_timestamp  stx_btime;      /* File creation time */
         struct vki_statx_timestamp  stx_ctime;      /* Last attribute change time */
         struct vki_statx_timestamp  stx_mtime;      /* Last data modification time */
         /* 0x80 */
         __vki_u32   stx_rdev_major; /* Device ID of special file [if bdev/cdev] */
         __vki_u32   stx_rdev_minor;
         __vki_u32   stx_dev_major;  /* ID of device containing file [uncond] */
         __vki_u32   stx_dev_minor;
         /* 0x90 */
         __vki_u64   stx_mnt_id;
         __vki_u32   stx_dio_mem_align;      /* Memory buffer alignment for direct I/O */
         __vki_u32   stx_dio_offset_align;   /* File offset alignment for direct I/O */
         /* 0xa0 */
 
         __vki_u64   __spare2[12];   /* Spare space for future expansion */
         /* 0x100 */
 };
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/dirent.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* This is the old compat structure to use with the old dirent syscall. */
 struct vki_dirent {
     long        d_ino;
     __vki_kernel_off_t  d_off;
     unsigned short  d_reclen;
     char        d_name[256]; /* We must not include limits.h! */
 };
 
 /* This is the new structure to use with the dirent64 syscall. */
 struct vki_dirent64 {
     __vki_u64 d_ino;
     __vki_s64 d_off;
     unsigned short d_reclen;
     unsigned char d_type;
     char d_name[256]; /* Note we hard code a max file length here. */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/fcntl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_F_SETLEASE      (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 0)
 #define VKI_F_GETLEASE      (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 1)
 
 #define VKI_F_CREATED_QUERY (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 4)
 #define VKI_F_CANCELLK      (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 5)
 
 #define VKI_F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 6)
 
 #define VKI_F_NOTIFY        (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 2)
 
 #define VKI_F_SETPIPE_SZ    (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 7)
 #define VKI_F_GETPIPE_SZ    (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 8)
 
 #define VKI_F_ADD_SEALS     (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 9)
 #define VKI_F_GET_SEALS     (VKI_F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 10)
 
 struct vki_flock {
     short           l_type;
     short           l_whence;
     __vki_kernel_off_t  l_start;
     __vki_kernel_off_t  l_len;
     __vki_kernel_pid_t  l_pid;
 };
 
 struct vki_flock64 {
     short           l_type;
     short           l_whence;
     __vki_kernel_loff_t l_start;
     __vki_kernel_loff_t l_len;
     __vki_kernel_pid_t  l_pid;
 };
 
 #define VKI_AT_EMPTY_PATH       0x1000  /* Allow empty relative pathname */
 #define VKI_AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW 0x100   /* Do not follow symbolic links.  */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/sysctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct __vki_sysctl_args {
     int __user *name;
     int nlen;
     void __user *oldval;
     vki_size_t __user *oldlenp;
     void __user *newval;
     vki_size_t newlen;
     unsigned long __unused0[4];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/aio_abi.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef unsigned long   vki_aio_context_t;
 
 enum {
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_PREAD = 0,
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_PWRITE = 1,
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_FSYNC = 2,
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_FDSYNC = 3,
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_PREADV = 7,
     VKI_IOCB_CMD_PWRITEV = 8,
 };
 
 /* read() from /dev/aio returns these structures. */
 struct vki_io_event {
     __vki_u64   data;       /* the data field from the iocb */
     __vki_u64   obj;        /* what iocb this event came from */
         // [[Nb: These fields renamed from 'res' and 'res2' because 'res' is
         //   a macro in vg_syscalls.c!]]
     __vki_s64   result;     /* result code for this event */
     __vki_s64   result2;    /* secondary result */
 };
 
 #if defined(VKI_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
 #  define VKI_PADDED(x,y)   x, y
 #elif defined(VKI_BIG_ENDIAN)
 #  define VKI_PADDED(x,y)   y, x
 #else
 #error edit for your odd byteorder.
 #endif
 
 struct vki_iocb {
     /* these are internal to the kernel/libc. */
     __vki_u64   aio_data;   /* data to be returned in event's data */
     __vki_u32   VKI_PADDED(aio_key, aio_reserved1);
                 /* the kernel sets aio_key to the req # */
 
     /* common fields */
     __vki_u16   aio_lio_opcode; /* see IOCB_CMD_ above */
     __vki_s16   aio_reqprio;
     __vki_u32   aio_fildes;
 
     __vki_u64   aio_buf;
     __vki_u64   aio_nbytes;
     __vki_s64   aio_offset;
 
     /* extra parameters */
     __vki_u64   aio_reserved2;  /* TODO: use this for a (struct sigevent *) */
     __vki_u64   aio_reserved3;
 }; /* 64 bytes */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/aio.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_aio_ring {
     unsigned    id; /* kernel internal index number */
     unsigned    nr; /* number of io_events */
     unsigned    head;
     unsigned    tail;
 
     unsigned    magic;
     unsigned    compat_features;
     unsigned    incompat_features;
     unsigned    header_length;  /* size of aio_ring */
 
     struct vki_io_event     io_events[0];
 }; /* 128 bytes + ring size */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/msg.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_MSG_STAT 11
 #define VKI_MSG_INFO 12
 
 struct vki_msqid_ds {
     struct vki_ipc_perm msg_perm;
     struct vki_msg *msg_first;      /* first message on queue,unused  */
     struct vki_msg *msg_last;       /* last message in queue,unused */
     __vki_kernel_time_t msg_stime;  /* last msgsnd time */
     __vki_kernel_time_t msg_rtime;  /* last msgrcv time */
     __vki_kernel_time_t msg_ctime;  /* last change time */
     unsigned long  msg_lcbytes; /* Reuse junk fields for 32 bit */
     unsigned long  msg_lqbytes; /* ditto */
     unsigned short msg_cbytes;  /* current number of bytes on queue */
     unsigned short msg_qnum;    /* number of messages in queue */
     unsigned short msg_qbytes;  /* max number of bytes on queue */
     __vki_kernel_ipc_pid_t msg_lspid;   /* pid of last msgsnd */
     __vki_kernel_ipc_pid_t msg_lrpid;   /* last receive pid */
 };
 
 struct vki_msgbuf {
     long mtype;         /* type of message */
     char mtext[1];      /* message text */
 };
 
 struct vki_msginfo {
     int msgpool;
     int msgmap; 
     int msgmax; 
     int msgmnb; 
     int msgmni; 
     int msgssz; 
     int msgtql; 
     unsigned short  msgseg; 
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/shm.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_shmid_ds {
     struct vki_ipc_perm     shm_perm;   /* operation perms */
     int         shm_segsz;  /* size of segment (bytes) */
     __vki_kernel_time_t     shm_atime;  /* last attach time */
     __vki_kernel_time_t     shm_dtime;  /* last detach time */
     __vki_kernel_time_t     shm_ctime;  /* last change time */
     __vki_kernel_ipc_pid_t  shm_cpid;   /* pid of creator */
     __vki_kernel_ipc_pid_t  shm_lpid;   /* pid of last operator */
     unsigned short      shm_nattch; /* no. of current attaches */
     unsigned short      shm_unused; /* compatibility */
     void            *shm_unused2;   /* ditto - used by DIPC */
     void            *shm_unused3;   /* unused */
 };
 
 #define VKI_SHM_RDONLY  010000  /* read-only access */
 #define VKI_SHM_RND     020000  /* round attach address to SHMLBA boundary */
 
 #define VKI_SHM_STAT    13
 #define VKI_SHM_INFO    14
 
 /* Obsolete, used only for backwards compatibility */
 struct  vki_shminfo {
     int shmmax;
     int shmmin;
     int shmmni;
     int shmseg;
     int shmall;
 };
 
 struct vki_shm_info {
     int used_ids;
     unsigned long shm_tot;  /* total allocated shm */
     unsigned long shm_rss;  /* total resident shm */
     unsigned long shm_swp;  /* total swapped shm */
     unsigned long swap_attempts;
     unsigned long swap_successes;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/rtc.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_rtc_time {
     int tm_sec;
     int tm_min;
     int tm_hour;
     int tm_mday;
     int tm_mon;
     int tm_year;
     int tm_wday;
     int tm_yday;
     int tm_isdst;
 };
 
 #define VKI_RTC_AIE_ON  _VKI_IO('p', 0x01)  /* Alarm int. enable on */
 #define VKI_RTC_AIE_OFF _VKI_IO('p', 0x02)  /* ... off      */
 #define VKI_RTC_UIE_ON  _VKI_IO('p', 0x03)  /* Update int. enable on*/
 #define VKI_RTC_UIE_OFF _VKI_IO('p', 0x04)  /* ... off      */
 #define VKI_RTC_PIE_ON  _VKI_IO('p', 0x05)  /* Periodic int. enable on*/
 #define VKI_RTC_PIE_OFF _VKI_IO('p', 0x06)  /* ... off      */
 
 #define VKI_RTC_ALM_SET     _VKI_IOW('p', 0x07, struct vki_rtc_time) /* Set alarm time  */
 #define VKI_RTC_ALM_READ    _VKI_IOR('p', 0x08, struct vki_rtc_time) /* Read alarm time */
 #define VKI_RTC_RD_TIME     _VKI_IOR('p', 0x09, struct vki_rtc_time) /* Read RTC time   */
 //#define RTC_SET_TIME  _IOW('p', 0x0a, struct rtc_time) /* Set RTC time    */
 #define VKI_RTC_IRQP_READ   _VKI_IOR('p', 0x0b, unsigned long)   /* Read IRQ rate   */
 #define VKI_RTC_IRQP_SET    _VKI_IOW('p', 0x0c, unsigned long)   /* Set IRQ rate    */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/isdn.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // [[Nb: Resolved this for the common case where CONFIG_COBALT_MICRO_SERVER
 //   is not defined]]
 #define VKI_ISDN_MAX_CHANNELS   64
 
 #define VKI_IIOCGETCPS  _VKI_IO('I',21)
 
 #define VKI_IIOCNETGPN  _VKI_IO('I',34)
 
 #define VKI_ISDN_MSNLEN          32
 
 typedef struct {
   char name[10];
   char phone[VKI_ISDN_MSNLEN];
   int  outgoing;
 } vki_isdn_net_ioctl_phone;
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/sockios.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_SIOCOUTQ        VKI_TIOCOUTQ
 
 #define VKI_SIOCADDRT       0x890B  /* add routing table entry  */
 #define VKI_SIOCDELRT       0x890C  /* delete routing table entry   */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFNAME     0x8910  /* get iface name       */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFCONF     0x8912  /* get iface list       */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFFLAGS    0x8913  /* get flags            */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFFLAGS    0x8914  /* set flags            */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFADDR     0x8915  /* get PA address       */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFADDR     0x8916  /* set PA address       */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFDSTADDR  0x8917  /* get remote PA address    */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFDSTADDR  0x8918  /* set remote PA address    */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFBRDADDR  0x8919  /* get broadcast PA address */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFBRDADDR  0x891a  /* set broadcast PA address */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFNETMASK  0x891b  /* get network PA mask      */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFNETMASK  0x891c  /* set network PA mask      */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFMETRIC   0x891d  /* get metric           */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFMETRIC   0x891e  /* set metric           */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFMTU      0x8921  /* get MTU size         */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFMTU      0x8922  /* set MTU size         */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFHWADDR   0x8924  /* set hardware address     */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFHWADDR   0x8927  /* Get hardware address     */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFINDEX    0x8933  /* name -> if_index mapping */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFTXQLEN   0x8942  /* Get the tx queue length  */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFTXQLEN   0x8943  /* Set the tx queue length  */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCETHTOOL     0x8946  /* Ethtool interface        */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCGMIIPHY     0x8947  /* Get address of MII PHY in use. */
 #define VKI_SIOCGMIIREG     0x8948  /* Read MII PHY register.   */
 #define VKI_SIOCSMIIREG     0x8949  /* Write MII PHY register.  */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCDARP        0x8953  /* delete ARP table entry   */
 #define VKI_SIOCGARP        0x8954  /* get ARP table entry      */
 #define VKI_SIOCSARP        0x8955  /* set ARP table entry      */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCDRARP       0x8960  /* delete RARP table entry  */
 #define VKI_SIOCGRARP       0x8961  /* get RARP table entry     */
 #define VKI_SIOCSRARP       0x8962  /* set RARP table entry     */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCGIFMAP      0x8970  /* Get device parameters    */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIFMAP      0x8971  /* Set device parameters    */
 
 #define VKI_SIOCSHWTSTAMP   0x89B0  /* Set hardware time stamping */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/ppdev.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_PP_MAJOR    99
 
 #define VKI_PP_IOCTL    'p'
 
 /* Set mode for read/write (e.g. IEEE1284_MODE_EPP) */
 #define VKI_PPSETMODE   _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x80, int)
 
 /* Read status */
 #define VKI_PPRSTATUS   _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x81, unsigned char)
 //#define PPWSTATUS OBSOLETE__IOW(PP_IOCTL, 0x82, unsigned char)
 
 /* Read/write control */
 #define VKI_PPRCONTROL  _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x83, unsigned char)
 #define VKI_PPWCONTROL  _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x84, unsigned char)
 
 struct vki_ppdev_frob_struct {
     unsigned char mask;
     unsigned char val;
 };
 #define VKI_PPFCONTROL      _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x8e, struct vki_ppdev_frob_struct)
 
 /* Read/write data */
 #define VKI_PPRDATA     _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x85, unsigned char)
 #define VKI_PPWDATA     _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x86, unsigned char)
 
 /* Claim the port to start using it */
 #define VKI_PPCLAIM     _VKI_IO(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x8b)
 
 /* Release the port when you aren't using it */
 #define VKI_PPRELEASE   _VKI_IO(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x8c)
 
 /* Yield the port (release it if another driver is waiting,
  * then reclaim) */
 #define VKI_PPYIELD     _VKI_IO(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x8d)
 
 /* Register device exclusively (must be before PPCLAIM). */
 #define VKI_PPEXCL      _VKI_IO(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x8f)
 
 /* Data line direction: non-zero for input mode. */
 #define VKI_PPDATADIR   _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x90, int)
 
 /* Negotiate a particular IEEE 1284 mode. */
 #define VKI_PPNEGOT _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x91, int)
 
 /* Set control lines when an interrupt occurs. */
 #define VKI_PPWCTLONIRQ _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x92, unsigned char)
 
 /* Clear (and return) interrupt count. */
 #define VKI_PPCLRIRQ    _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x93, int)
 
 /* Set the IEEE 1284 phase that we're in (e.g. IEEE1284_PH_FWD_IDLE) */
 #define VKI_PPSETPHASE  _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x94, int)
 
 /* Set and get port timeout (struct timeval's) */
 #define VKI_PPGETTIME   _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x95, struct vki_timeval)
 #define VKI_PPSETTIME   _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x96, struct vki_timeval)
 
 #define VKI_PPGETMODES  _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x97, unsigned int)
 
 #define VKI_PPGETMODE   _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x98, int)
 #define VKI_PPGETPHASE  _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x99, int)
 
 #define VKI_PPGETFLAGS  _VKI_IOR(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x9a, int)
 #define VKI_PPSETFLAGS  _VKI_IOW(VKI_PP_IOCTL, 0x9b, int)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-5.2.5/include/uapi/linux/loop.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define     VKI_LO_NAME_SIZE        64
 #define     VKI_LO_KEY_SIZE         32
 
 struct vki_loop_info {
 
     int                 lo_number;              /* ioctl r/o */
     unsigned short      lo_device;              /* ioctl r/o */
     unsigned long       lo_inode;               /* ioctl r/o */
     unsigned short      lo_rdevice;             /* ioctl r/o */
     int                 lo_offset;
     int                 lo_encrypt_type;
     int                 lo_encrypt_key_size;    /* ioctl w/o */
     int                 lo_flags;               /* ioctl r/o */
     char                lo_name[VKI_LO_NAME_SIZE];
     unsigned char       lo_encrypt_key[VKI_LO_KEY_SIZE];/* ioctl w/o */
     unsigned long       lo_init[2];
     char                reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_loop_info64 {
     __vki_u64          lo_device;           /* ioctl r/o */
     __vki_u64          lo_inode;            /* ioctl r/o */
     __vki_u64          lo_rdevice;          /* ioctl r/o */
     __vki_u64          lo_offset;
     __vki_u64          lo_sizelimit;/* bytes, 0 == max available */
     __vki_u32          lo_number;           /* ioctl r/o */
     __vki_u32          lo_encrypt_type;
     __vki_u32          lo_encrypt_key_size; /* ioctl w/o */
     __vki_u32          lo_flags;            /* ioctl r/o */
     __vki_u8           lo_file_name[VKI_LO_NAME_SIZE];
     __vki_u8           lo_crypt_name[VKI_LO_NAME_SIZE];
     __vki_u8           lo_encrypt_key[VKI_LO_KEY_SIZE]; /* ioctl w/o */
     __vki_u64          lo_init[2];
 };
 
 /* loopback device related, e.g. see losetup program options */
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_FD         0x4C00
 #define VKI_LOOP_CLR_FD         0x4C01
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_STATUS     0x4C02
 #define VKI_LOOP_GET_STATUS     0x4C03
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_STATUS64   0x4C04
 #define VKI_LOOP_GET_STATUS64   0x4C05
 #define VKI_LOOP_CHANGE_FD      0x4C06
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_CAPACITY   0x4C07
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_DIRECT_IO  0x4C08
 #define VKI_LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE 0x4C09
 
 /* ioctls for loop-control device interface */
 #define VKI_LOOP_CTL_ADD        0x4C80 // adds a new loopback device
 #define VKI_LOOP_CTL_REMOVE     0x4C81 // deletes an existing loopback device
 #define VKI_LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE   0x4C82 // finds a free/available loopback device
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-5.2.5/include/uapi/linux/fs.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_BLKROSET   _VKI_IO(0x12,93) /* set device read-only (0 = read-write) */
 #define VKI_BLKROGET   _VKI_IO(0x12,94) /* get read-only status (0 = read_write) */
 #define VKI_BLKRRPART  _VKI_IO(0x12,95) /* re-read partition table */
 #define VKI_BLKGETSIZE _VKI_IO(0x12,96) /* return device size /512 (long *arg) */
 #define VKI_BLKFLSBUF  _VKI_IO(0x12,97) /* flush buffer cache */
 #define VKI_BLKRASET   _VKI_IO(0x12,98) /* set read ahead for block device */
 #define VKI_BLKRAGET   _VKI_IO(0x12,99) /* get current read ahead setting */
 #define VKI_BLKFRASET  _VKI_IO(0x12,100)/* set filesystem (mm/filemap.c) read-ahead */
 #define VKI_BLKFRAGET  _VKI_IO(0x12,101)/* get filesystem (mm/filemap.c) read-ahead */
 #define VKI_BLKSECTSET _VKI_IO(0x12,102)/* set max sectors per request (ll_rw_blk.c) */
 #define VKI_BLKSECTGET _VKI_IO(0x12,103)/* get max sectors per request (ll_rw_blk.c) */
 #define VKI_BLKSSZGET  _VKI_IO(0x12,104)/* get block device sector size */
 #define VKI_BLKBSZGET  _VKI_IOR(0x12,112,vki_size_t)
 #define VKI_BLKBSZSET  _VKI_IOW(0x12,113,vki_size_t)
 #define VKI_BLKGETSIZE64 _VKI_IOR(0x12,114,vki_size_t) /* return device size in bytes (u64 *arg) */
 #define VKI_BLKDISCARD _VKI_IO(0x12,119)
 #define VKI_BLKIOMIN _VKI_IO(0x12,120)
 #define VKI_BLKIOOPT _VKI_IO(0x12,121)
 #define VKI_BLKALIGNOFF _VKI_IO(0x12,122)
 #define VKI_BLKPBSZGET _VKI_IO(0x12,123)
 #define VKI_BLKDISCARDZEROES _VKI_IO(0x12,124)
 #define VKI_BLKZEROOUT _VKI_IO(0x12,127)
 
 #define VKI_FIBMAP  _VKI_IO(0x00,1) /* bmap access */
 #define VKI_FIGETBSZ    _VKI_IO(0x00,2) /* get the block size used for bmap */
 #define VKI_FICLONE     _VKI_IOW(0x94, 9, int)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/scsi/sg.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef struct vki_sg_io_hdr
 {
     int interface_id;           /* [i] 'S' for SCSI generic (required) */
     int dxfer_direction;        /* [i] data transfer direction  */
     unsigned char cmd_len;      /* [i] SCSI command length ( <= 16 bytes) */
     unsigned char mx_sb_len;    /* [i] max length to write to sbp */
     unsigned short iovec_count; /* [i] 0 implies no scatter gather */
     unsigned int dxfer_len;     /* [i] byte count of data transfer */
     void __user *dxferp;    /* [i], [*io] points to data transfer memory
                           or scatter gather list */
     unsigned char __user *cmdp; /* [i], [*i] points to command to perform */
     void __user *sbp;       /* [i], [*o] points to sense_buffer memory */
     unsigned int timeout;       /* [i] MAX_UINT->no timeout (unit: millisec) */
     unsigned int flags;         /* [i] 0 -> default, see SG_FLAG... */
     int pack_id;                /* [i->o] unused internally (normally) */
     void __user * usr_ptr;      /* [i->o] unused internally */
     unsigned char status;       /* [o] scsi status */
     unsigned char masked_status;/* [o] shifted, masked scsi status */
     unsigned char msg_status;   /* [o] messaging level data (optional) */
     unsigned char sb_len_wr;    /* [o] byte count actually written to sbp */
     unsigned short host_status; /* [o] errors from host adapter */
     unsigned short driver_status;/* [o] errors from software driver */
     int resid;                  /* [o] dxfer_len - actual_transferred */
     unsigned int duration;      /* [o] time taken by cmd (unit: millisec) */
     unsigned int info;          /* [o] auxiliary information */
 } vki_sg_io_hdr_t;  /* 64 bytes long (on i386) */
 
 #define VKI_SG_DXFER_NONE -1        /* e.g. a SCSI Test Unit Ready command */
 #define VKI_SG_DXFER_TO_DEV -2      /* e.g. a SCSI WRITE command */
 #define VKI_SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV -3    /* e.g. a SCSI READ command */
 #define VKI_SG_DXFER_TO_FROM_DEV -4 /* treated like SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV with the
                    additional property than during indirect
                    IO the user buffer is copied into the
                    kernel buffers before the transfer */
 
 typedef struct vki_sg_scsi_id { /* used by SG_GET_SCSI_ID ioctl() */
     int host_no;        /* as in "scsi<n>" where 'n' is one of 0, 1, 2 etc */
     int channel;
     int scsi_id;        /* scsi id of target device */
     int lun;
     int scsi_type;      /* TYPE_... defined in scsi/scsi.h */
     short h_cmd_per_lun;/* host (adapter) maximum commands per lun */
     short d_queue_depth;/* device (or adapter) maximum queue length */
     int unused[2];      /* probably find a good use, set 0 for now */
 } vki_sg_scsi_id_t; /* 32 bytes long on i386 */
 
 #define VKI_SG_EMULATED_HOST 0x2203 /* true for emulated host adapter (ATAPI) */
 
 #define VKI_SG_SET_RESERVED_SIZE 0x2275  /* request a new reserved buffer size */
 #define VKI_SG_GET_RESERVED_SIZE 0x2272  /* actual size of reserved buffer */
 
 #define VKI_SG_GET_SCSI_ID 0x2276   /* Yields fd's bus, chan, dev, lun + type */
 
 #define VKI_SG_GET_SG_TABLESIZE 0x227F  /* 0 implies can't do scatter gather */
 
 #define VKI_SG_GET_VERSION_NUM 0x2282 /* Example: version 2.1.34 yields 20134 */
 
 #define VKI_SG_IO 0x2285   /* similar effect as write() followed by read() */
 
 #define VKI_SG_SET_TIMEOUT 0x2201  /* unit: jiffies (10ms on i386) */
 #define VKI_SG_GET_TIMEOUT 0x2202  /* yield timeout as _return_ value */
 
 //#define SG_GET_COMMAND_Q 0x2270   /* Yields 0 (queuing off) or 1 (on) */
 #define VKI_SG_SET_COMMAND_Q 0x2271   /* Change queuing state with 0 or 1 */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.34/include/scsi/scsi.h and scsi/scsi_ioctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_SCSI_IOCTL_DOORLOCK     0x5380 /* Lock the eject mechanism.  */
 #define VKI_SCSI_IOCTL_DOORUNLOCK   0x5381 /* Unlock the mechanism.  */
 #define VKI_SCSI_IOCTL_GET_IDLUN    0x5382
 #define VKI_SCSI_IOCTL_GET_BUS_NUMBER   0x5386
 
 struct vki_scsi_idlun {
     __vki_u32 dev_id;
     __vki_u32 host_unique_id;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/cdrom.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_CDROMPLAYMSF        0x5303 /* Play Audio MSF (struct cdrom_msf) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADTOCHDR     0x5305 /* Read TOC header 
                                                (struct cdrom_tochdr) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADTOCENTRY       0x5306 /* Read TOC entry 
                                                (struct cdrom_tocentry) */
 #define VKI_CDROMSTOP           0x5307 /* Stop the cdrom drive */
 #define VKI_CDROMSUBCHNL        0x530b /* Read subchannel data 
                                                (struct cdrom_subchnl) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADMODE2      0x530c /* Read CDROM mode 2 data (2336 Bytes) 
                                                (struct cdrom_read) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADMODE1      0x530d /* Read CDROM mode 1 data (2048 Bytes)
                                                    (struct cdrom_read) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADAUDIO      0x530e /* (struct cdrom_read_audio) */
 #define VKI_CDROMMULTISESSION       0x5310 /* Obtain the start-of-last-session 
                                                address of multi session disks 
                                                (struct cdrom_multisession) */
 #define VKI_CDROM_GET_MCN       0x5311 /* Obtain the "Universal Product Code" 
                                                if available (struct cdrom_mcn) */
 #define VKI_CDROMVOLREAD        0x5313 /* Get the drive's volume setting
                                               (struct cdrom_volctrl) */
 #define VKI_CDROMREADRAW        0x5314  /* read data in raw mode (2352 Bytes)
                                                (struct cdrom_read) */
 #define VKI_CDROM_CLEAR_OPTIONS     0x5321  /* Clear behavior options */
 #define VKI_CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS      0x5326  /* Get tray position, etc. */
 #define VKI_CDROM_DISC_STATUS       0x5327  /* get CD type information */
 #define VKI_CDROM_GET_CAPABILITY    0x5331  /* get capabilities */
 
 #define VKI_DVD_READ_STRUCT     0x5390  /* read structure */
 #define VKI_CDROM_SEND_PACKET       0x5393  /* send a packet to the drive */
 
 struct vki_cdrom_msf0       
 {
     __vki_u8    minute;
     __vki_u8    second;
     __vki_u8    frame;
 };
 
 union vki_cdrom_addr        
 {
     struct vki_cdrom_msf0   msf;
     int         lba;
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_msf 
 {
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_min0; /* start minute */
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_sec0; /* start second */
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_frame0;   /* start frame */
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_min1; /* end minute */
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_sec1; /* end second */
     __vki_u8    cdmsf_frame1;   /* end frame */
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_tochdr     
 {
     __vki_u8    cdth_trk0;  /* start track */
     __vki_u8    cdth_trk1;  /* end track */
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_volctrl
 {
     __vki_u8    channel0;
     __vki_u8    channel1;
     __vki_u8    channel2;
     __vki_u8    channel3;
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_subchnl 
 {
     __vki_u8    cdsc_format;
     __vki_u8    cdsc_audiostatus;
     __vki_u8    cdsc_adr:   4;
     __vki_u8    cdsc_ctrl:  4;
     __vki_u8    cdsc_trk;
     __vki_u8    cdsc_ind;
     union vki_cdrom_addr cdsc_absaddr;
     union vki_cdrom_addr cdsc_reladdr;
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_tocentry 
 {
     __vki_u8    cdte_track;
     __vki_u8    cdte_adr    :4;
     __vki_u8    cdte_ctrl   :4;
     __vki_u8    cdte_format;
     union vki_cdrom_addr cdte_addr;
     __vki_u8    cdte_datamode;
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_read      
 {
     int cdread_lba;
     char    *cdread_bufaddr;
     int cdread_buflen;
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_read_audio
 {
     union vki_cdrom_addr addr; /* frame address */
     __vki_u8 addr_format;      /* CDROM_LBA or CDROM_MSF */
     int nframes;           /* number of 2352-byte-frames to read at once */
     __vki_u8 __user *buf;      /* frame buffer (size: nframes*2352 bytes) */
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_multisession
 {
     union vki_cdrom_addr addr; /* frame address: start-of-last-session 
                                (not the new "frame 16"!).  Only valid
                                if the "xa_flag" is true. */
     __vki_u8 xa_flag;        /* 1: "is XA disk" */
     __vki_u8 addr_format;    /* CDROM_LBA or CDROM_MSF */
 };
 
 struct vki_cdrom_mcn 
 {
   __vki_u8 medium_catalog_number[14]; /* 13 ASCII digits, null-terminated */
 };
 
 #define VKI_CDROM_PACKET_SIZE   12
 
 struct vki_cdrom_generic_command
 {
     unsigned char       cmd[VKI_CDROM_PACKET_SIZE];
     unsigned char       __user *buffer;
     unsigned int        buflen;
     int         stat;
         // [[replace with void* to reduce inclusion amounts]]
     void/*struct vki_request_sense  */__user *sense;
     unsigned char       data_direction;
     int         quiet;
     int         timeout;
     void            __user *reserved[1];    /* unused, actually */
 };
 
 #define VKI_CD_SYNC_SIZE         12 /* 12 sync bytes per raw data frame */
 #define VKI_CD_HEAD_SIZE          4 /* header (address) bytes per raw data frame */
 #define VKI_CD_FRAMESIZE_RAW   2352 /* bytes per frame, "raw" mode */
 #define VKI_CD_FRAMESIZE_RAW0 (VKI_CD_FRAMESIZE_RAW-VKI_CD_SYNC_SIZE-VKI_CD_HEAD_SIZE) /*2336*/
 #define VKI_CD_FRAMESIZE_RAW1  2048 /* bytes per frame, mode 1*/
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/soundcard.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #ifndef _VKI_SIOWR
 #if defined(_VKI_IOWR) && (defined(_AIX) || (!defined(sun) && !defined(sparc) && !defined(__sparc__) && !defined(__INCioctlh) && !defined(__Lynx__)))
 /* Use already defined ioctl defines if they exist (except with Sun or Sparc) */
 #define _VKI_SIO        _VKI_IO
 #define _VKI_SIOR       _VKI_IOR
 #define _VKI_SIOW       _VKI_IOW
 #define _VKI_SIOWR      _VKI_IOWR
 #else
 // [[Valgrind: Install this case if/when necessary]
 #error Valgrind: Cannot handle sparc/sun case yet...
 #  endif /* _IOWR */
 #endif  /* !_VKI_SIOWR */
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_CTRLRATE     _VKI_SIOWR('Q', 3, int) /* Set/get timer resolution (HZ) */
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_GETOUTCOUNT  _VKI_SIOR ('Q', 4, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_GETINCOUNT   _VKI_SIOR ('Q', 5, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_PERCMODE     _VKI_SIOW ('Q', 6, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_TESTMIDI     _VKI_SIOW ('Q', 8, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_RESETSAMPLES _VKI_SIOW ('Q', 9, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_NRSYNTHS     _VKI_SIOR ('Q',10, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_NRMIDIS      _VKI_SIOR ('Q',11, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_SEQ_GETTIME      _VKI_SIOR ('Q',19, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE     _VKI_SIOWR('T', 1, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_TMR_TEMPO        _VKI_SIOWR('T', 5, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_TMR_SOURCE       _VKI_SIOWR('T', 6, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_MIDI_PRETIME     _VKI_SIOWR('m', 0, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_MIDI_MPUMODE     _VKI_SIOWR('m', 1, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_RESET        _VKI_SIO  ('P', 0)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC     _VKI_SIO  ('P', 1)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED        _VKI_SIOWR('P', 2, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_STEREO       _VKI_SIOWR('P', 3, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE   _VKI_SIOWR('P', 4, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_CHANNELS     _VKI_SIOWR('P', 6, int)
 #define VKI_SOUND_PCM_WRITE_FILTER  _VKI_SIOWR('P', 7, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_POST     _VKI_SIO  ('P', 8)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SUBDIVIDE    _VKI_SIOWR('P', 9, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETFRAGMENT  _VKI_SIOWR('P',10, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETFMTS      _VKI_SIOR ('P',11, int) /* Returns a mask */
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETFMT       _VKI_SIOWR('P', 5, int) /* Selects ONE fmt */
 
 typedef struct vki_audio_buf_info {
             int fragments;  /* # of available fragments (partially usend ones not counted) */
             int fragstotal; /* Total # of fragments allocated */
             int fragsize;   /* Size of a fragment in bytes */
 
             int bytes;  /* Available space in bytes (includes partially used fragments) */
             /* Note! 'bytes' could be more than fragments*fragsize */
         } vki_audio_buf_info;
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE    _VKI_SIOR ('P',12, vki_audio_buf_info)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETISPACE    _VKI_SIOR ('P',13, vki_audio_buf_info)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_NONBLOCK     _VKI_SIO  ('P',14)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETCAPS      _VKI_SIOR ('P',15, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETTRIGGER   _VKI_SIOR ('P',16, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETTRIGGER   _VKI_SIOW ('P',16, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETSYNCRO    _VKI_SIO  ('P', 21)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETDUPLEX    _VKI_SIO  ('P', 22)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETODELAY    _VKI_SIOR ('P', 23, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETCHANNELMASK   _VKI_SIOWR('P', 64, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_BIND_CHANNEL _VKI_SIOWR('P', 65, int)
 
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_SETSPDIF     _VKI_SIOW ('P', 66, int)
 #define VKI_SNDCTL_DSP_GETSPDIF     _VKI_SIOR ('P', 67, int)
 
 #define VKI_SOUND_PCM_READ_RATE     _VKI_SIOR ('P', 2, int)
 #define VKI_SOUND_PCM_READ_CHANNELS _VKI_SIOR ('P', 6, int)
 #define VKI_SOUND_PCM_READ_BITS     _VKI_SIOR ('P', 5, int)
 #define VKI_SOUND_PCM_READ_FILTER   _VKI_SIOR ('P', 7, int)
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/hdreg.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_hd_geometry {
       unsigned char heads;
       unsigned char sectors;
       unsigned short cylinders;
       unsigned long start;
 };
 
 #define VKI_HDIO_GETGEO     0x0301  /* get device geometry */
 #define VKI_HDIO_GET_DMA    0x030b  /* get use-dma flag */
 #define VKI_HDIO_GET_IDENTITY   0x030d  /* get IDE identification info */
 
 // [[Nb: done like this because the original type is a huge struct that will
 //   always be the same size.]]
 #define VKI_SIZEOF_STRUCT_HD_DRIVEID   512
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.8.1/include/linux/fb.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO 0x4600
 #define VKI_FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO 0x4601
 #define VKI_FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO 0x4602
 #define VKI_FBIOPAN_DISPLAY 0x4606
 
 struct vki_fb_fix_screeninfo {
     char id[16];            /* identification string eg "TT Builtin" */
     unsigned long smem_start;   /* Start of frame buffer mem */
                     /* (physical address) */
     __vki_u32 smem_len;         /* Length of frame buffer mem */
     __vki_u32 type;         /* see FB_TYPE_*        */
     __vki_u32 type_aux;     /* Interleave for interleaved Planes */
     __vki_u32 visual;       /* see FB_VISUAL_*      */ 
     __vki_u16 xpanstep;     /* zero if no hardware panning  */
     __vki_u16 ypanstep;     /* zero if no hardware panning  */
     __vki_u16 ywrapstep;        /* zero if no hardware ywrap    */
     __vki_u32 line_length;      /* length of a line in bytes    */
     unsigned long mmio_start;   /* Start of Memory Mapped I/O   */
                     /* (physical address) */
     __vki_u32 mmio_len;     /* Length of Memory Mapped I/O  */
     __vki_u32 accel;        /* Indicate to driver which */
                     /*  specific chip/card we have  */
     __vki_u16 reserved[3];      /* Reserved for future compatibility */
 };
 
 struct vki_fb_bitfield {
     __vki_u32 offset;       /* beginning of bitfield    */
     __vki_u32 length;       /* length of bitfield       */
     __vki_u32 msb_right;        /* != 0 : Most significant bit is */ 
                     /* right */ 
 };
 
 struct vki_fb_var_screeninfo {
     __vki_u32 xres;         /* visible resolution       */
     __vki_u32 yres;
     __vki_u32 xres_virtual;     /* virtual resolution       */
     __vki_u32 yres_virtual;
     __vki_u32 xoffset;      /* offset from virtual to visible */
     __vki_u32 yoffset;      /* resolution           */
 
     __vki_u32 bits_per_pixel;   /* guess what           */
     __vki_u32 grayscale;        /* != 0 Graylevels instead of colors */
 
     struct vki_fb_bitfield red; /* bitfield in fb mem if true color, */
     struct vki_fb_bitfield green;   /* else only length is significant */
     struct vki_fb_bitfield blue;
     struct vki_fb_bitfield transp;  /* transparency         */  
 
     __vki_u32 nonstd;       /* != 0 Non standard pixel format */
 
     __vki_u32 activate;     /* see FB_ACTIVATE_*        */
 
     __vki_u32 height;       /* height of picture in mm    */
     __vki_u32 width;        /* width of picture in mm     */
 
     __vki_u32 accel_flags;      /* (OBSOLETE) see fb_info.flags */
 
     /* Timing: All values in pixclocks, except pixclock (of course) */
     __vki_u32 pixclock;     /* pixel clock in ps (pico seconds) */
     __vki_u32 left_margin;      /* time from sync to picture    */
     __vki_u32 right_margin;     /* time from picture to sync    */
     __vki_u32 upper_margin;     /* time from sync to picture    */
     __vki_u32 lower_margin;
     __vki_u32 hsync_len;        /* length of horizontal sync    */
     __vki_u32 vsync_len;        /* length of vertical sync  */
     __vki_u32 sync;         /* see FB_SYNC_*        */
     __vki_u32 vmode;        /* see FB_VMODE_*       */
     __vki_u32 rotate;       /* angle we rotate counter clockwise */
     __vki_u32 reserved[5];      /* Reserved for future compatibility */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.9/include/linux/kd.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_GIO_FONT       0x4B60  /* gets font in expanded form */
 #define VKI_PIO_FONT       0x4B61  /* use font in expanded form */
 
 #define VKI_GIO_FONTX      0x4B6B  /* get font using struct consolefontdesc */
 #define VKI_PIO_FONTX      0x4B6C  /* set font using struct consolefontdesc */
 struct vki_consolefontdesc {
     unsigned short charcount;   /* characters in font (256 or 512) */
     unsigned short charheight;  /* scan lines per character (1-32) */
     char __user *chardata;      /* font data in expanded form */
 };
 
 #define VKI_PIO_FONTRESET  0x4B6D  /* reset to default font */
 
 #define VKI_GIO_CMAP       0x4B70  /* gets colour palette on VGA+ */
 #define VKI_PIO_CMAP       0x4B71  /* sets colour palette on VGA+ */
 
 #define VKI_KIOCSOUND      0x4B2F  /* start sound generation (0 for off) */
 #define VKI_KDMKTONE       0x4B30  /* generate tone */
 
 #define VKI_KDGETLED       0x4B31  /* return current led state */
 #define VKI_KDSETLED       0x4B32  /* set led state [lights, not flags] */
 
 #define VKI_KDGKBTYPE      0x4B33  /* get keyboard type */
 
 #define VKI_KDADDIO        0x4B34  /* add i/o port as valid */
 #define VKI_KDDELIO        0x4B35  /* del i/o port as valid */
 #define VKI_KDENABIO       0x4B36  /* enable i/o to video board */
 #define VKI_KDDISABIO      0x4B37  /* disable i/o to video board */
 
 #define VKI_KDSETMODE      0x4B3A  /* set text/graphics mode */
 #define VKI_KDGETMODE      0x4B3B  /* get current mode */
 
 #define VKI_KDMAPDISP      0x4B3C  /* map display into address space */
 #define VKI_KDUNMAPDISP    0x4B3D  /* unmap display from address space */
 
 #define     VKI_E_TABSZ     256
 #define VKI_GIO_SCRNMAP    0x4B40  /* get screen mapping from kernel */
 #define VKI_PIO_SCRNMAP    0x4B41  /* put screen mapping table in kernel */
 #define VKI_GIO_UNISCRNMAP 0x4B69  /* get full Unicode screen mapping */
 #define VKI_PIO_UNISCRNMAP 0x4B6A  /* set full Unicode screen mapping */
 
 #define VKI_GIO_UNIMAP     0x4B66  /* get unicode-to-font mapping from kernel */
 struct vki_unipair {
     unsigned short unicode;
     unsigned short fontpos;
 };
 struct vki_unimapdesc {
     unsigned short entry_ct;
     struct vki_unipair __user *entries;
 };
 #define VKI_PIO_UNIMAP     0x4B67  /* put unicode-to-font mapping in kernel */
 #define VKI_PIO_UNIMAPCLR  0x4B68  /* clear table, possibly advise hash algorithm */
 struct vki_unimapinit {
     unsigned short advised_hashsize;  /* 0 if no opinion */
     unsigned short advised_hashstep;  /* 0 if no opinion */
     unsigned short advised_hashlevel; /* 0 if no opinion */
 };
 
 #define VKI_KDGKBMODE      0x4B44  /* gets current keyboard mode */
 #define VKI_KDSKBMODE      0x4B45  /* sets current keyboard mode */
 
 #define VKI_KDGKBMETA      0x4B62  /* gets meta key handling mode */
 #define VKI_KDSKBMETA      0x4B63  /* sets meta key handling mode */
 
 #define VKI_KDGKBLED       0x4B64  /* get led flags (not lights) */
 #define VKI_KDSKBLED       0x4B65  /* set led flags (not lights) */
 
 struct vki_kbentry {
     unsigned char kb_table;
     unsigned char kb_index;
     unsigned short kb_value;
 };
 #define VKI_KDGKBENT       0x4B46  /* gets one entry in translation table */
 #define VKI_KDSKBENT       0x4B47  /* sets one entry in translation table */
 
 struct vki_kbsentry {
     unsigned char kb_func;
     unsigned char kb_string[512];
 };
 #define VKI_KDGKBSENT      0x4B48  /* gets one function key string entry */
 #define VKI_KDSKBSENT      0x4B49  /* sets one function key string entry */
 
 struct vki_kbdiacr {
         unsigned char diacr, base, result;
 };
 struct vki_kbdiacrs {
         unsigned int kb_cnt;    /* number of entries in following array */
     struct vki_kbdiacr kbdiacr[256];    /* MAX_DIACR from keyboard.h */
 };
 #define VKI_KDGKBDIACR     0x4B4A  /* read kernel accent table */
 #define VKI_KDSKBDIACR     0x4B4B  /* write kernel accent table */
 
 struct vki_kbkeycode {
     unsigned int scancode, keycode;
 };
 #define VKI_KDGETKEYCODE   0x4B4C  /* read kernel keycode table entry */
 #define VKI_KDSETKEYCODE   0x4B4D  /* write kernel keycode table entry */
 
 #define VKI_KDSIGACCEPT    0x4B4E  /* accept kbd generated signals */
 
 struct vki_kbd_repeat {
     int delay;  /* in msec; <= 0: don't change */
     int period; /* in msec; <= 0: don't change */
             /* earlier this field was misnamed "rate" */
 };
 #define VKI_KDKBDREP       0x4B52  /* set keyboard delay/repeat rate;
                                     * actually used values are returned */
 
 #define VKI_KDFONTOP       0x4B72  /* font operations */
 
 struct vki_console_font_op {
     unsigned int op;    /* operation code KD_FONT_OP_* */
     unsigned int flags; /* KD_FONT_FLAG_* */
     unsigned int width, height; /* font size */
     unsigned int charcount;
     unsigned char __user *data; /* font data with height fixed to 32 */
 };
 
 #define VKI_KD_FONT_OP_SET      0   /* Set font */
 #define VKI_KD_FONT_OP_GET      1   /* Get font */
 #define VKI_KD_FONT_OP_SET_DEFAULT  2   /* Set font to default, data points to name / NULL */
 #define VKI_KD_FONT_OP_COPY     3   /* Copy from another console */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.9/include/linux/kb.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef __vki_kernel_uid32_t vki_qid_t; /* Type in which we store ids in memory */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.20.1/include/linux/ptrace.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_PTRACE_TRACEME         0
 #define VKI_PTRACE_PEEKTEXT    1
 #define VKI_PTRACE_PEEKDATA    2
 #define VKI_PTRACE_PEEKUSR     3
 #define VKI_PTRACE_POKEUSR     6
 
 #define VKI_PTRACE_DETACH         17
 
 #define VKI_PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG  0x4201
 #define VKI_PTRACE_GETSIGINFO   0x4202
 #define VKI_PTRACE_SETSIGINFO   0x4203
 #define VKI_PTRACE_GETREGSET    0x4204
 #define VKI_PTRACE_SETREGSET    0x4205
 
 #define VKI_PT_PTRACED 0x00000001
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.14/include/sound/asound.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 enum {
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_FREE = _VKI_IO('A', 0x12),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HWSYNC = _VKI_IO('A', 0x22),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_PREPARE = _VKI_IO('A', 0x40),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_RESET = _VKI_IO('A', 0x41),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_START = _VKI_IO('A', 0x42),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DROP = _VKI_IO('A', 0x43),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DRAIN = _VKI_IO('A', 0x44),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_PAUSE = _VKI_IOW('A', 0x45, int),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_RESUME = _VKI_IO('A', 0x47),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_XRUN = _VKI_IO('A', 0x48),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_LINK = _VKI_IOW('A', 0x60, int),
     VKI_SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_UNLINK = _VKI_IO('A', 0x61),
 };
 
 enum {
     VKI_SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_START = _VKI_IO('T', 0xa0),
     VKI_SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_STOP = _VKI_IO('T', 0xa1),
     VKI_SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_CONTINUE = _VKI_IO('T', 0xa2),
     VKI_SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_PAUSE = _VKI_IO('T', 0xa3),
 };
 
 struct vki_snd_ctl_card_info {
     int card;           /* card number */
     int pad;            /* reserved for future (was type) */
     unsigned char id[16];       /* ID of card (user selectable) */
     unsigned char driver[16];   /* Driver name */
     unsigned char name[32];     /* Short name of soundcard */
     unsigned char longname[80]; /* name + info text about soundcard */
     unsigned char reserved_[16];    /* reserved for future (was ID of mixer) */
     unsigned char mixername[80];    /* visual mixer identification */
     unsigned char components[128];  /* card components / fine identification, delimited with one space (AC97 etc..) */
 };
 
 typedef int vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t;
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD       ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 0) /* global control */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP      ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 1) /* hardware dependent device */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER      ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 2) /* virtual mixer device */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM        ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 3) /* PCM device */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_RAWMIDI    ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 4) /* RawMidi device */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_TIMER      ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 5) /* timer device */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_SEQUENCER  ((vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t) 6) /* sequencer client */
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_LAST       VKI_SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_SEQUENCER
 
 struct vki_snd_ctl_elem_id {
     unsigned int numid;     /* numeric identifier, zero = invalid */
     vki_snd_ctl_elem_iface_t iface; /* interface identifier */
     unsigned int device;        /* device/client number */
     unsigned int subdevice;     /* subdevice (substream) number */
     unsigned char name[44];     /* ASCII name of item */
     unsigned int index;     /* index of item */
 };
 
 struct vki_snd_ctl_elem_list {
     unsigned int offset;        /* W: first element ID to get */
     unsigned int space;     /* W: count of element IDs to get */
     unsigned int used;      /* R: count of element IDs set */
     unsigned int count;     /* R: count of all elements */
     struct vki_snd_ctl_elem_id __user *pids; /* R: IDs */
     unsigned char reserved[50];
 };
 
 struct vki_snd_ctl_tlv {
     unsigned int numid; /* control element numeric identification */
     unsigned int length;    /* in bytes aligned to 4 */
     unsigned int tlv[0];    /* first TLV */
 };
 
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_PVERSION    _VKI_IOR('U', 0x00, int)
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_CARD_INFO   _VKI_IOR('U', 0x01, struct vki_snd_ctl_card_info)
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_LIST   _VKI_IOWR('U', 0x10, struct vki_snd_ctl_elem_list)
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_READ    _VKI_IOWR('U', 0x1a, struct vki_snd_ctl_tlv)
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_WRITE   _VKI_IOWR('U', 0x1b, struct vki_snd_ctl_tlv)
 #define VKI_SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_COMMAND _VKI_IOWR('U', 0x1c, struct vki_snd_ctl_tlv)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.15.4/include/linux/serial.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_serial_icounter_struct {
     int cts, dsr, rng, dcd;
     int rx, tx;
     int frame, overrun, parity, brk;
     int buf_overrun;
     int reserved[9];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.16/include/linux/vt.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_VT_OPENQRY  0x5600  /* find available vt */
 
 struct vki_vt_mode {
     char mode;      /* vt mode */
     char waitv;     /* if set, hang on writes if not active */
     short relsig;       /* signal to raise on release req */
     short acqsig;       /* signal to raise on acquisition */
     short frsig;        /* unused (set to 0) */
 };
 #define VKI_VT_GETMODE  0x5601  /* get mode of active vt */
 #define VKI_VT_SETMODE  0x5602  /* set mode of active vt */
 
 struct vki_vt_stat {
     unsigned short v_active;    /* active vt */
     unsigned short v_signal;    /* signal to send */
     unsigned short v_state;     /* vt bitmask */
 };
 #define VKI_VT_GETSTATE 0x5603  /* get global vt state info */
 #define VKI_VT_SENDSIG  0x5604  /* signal to send to bitmask of vts */
 
 #define VKI_VT_RELDISP  0x5605  /* release display */
 
 #define VKI_VT_ACTIVATE 0x5606  /* make vt active */
 #define VKI_VT_WAITACTIVE   0x5607  /* wait for vt active */
 #define VKI_VT_DISALLOCATE  0x5608  /* free memory associated to vt */
 
 struct vki_vt_sizes {
     unsigned short v_rows;      /* number of rows */
     unsigned short v_cols;      /* number of columns */
     unsigned short v_scrollsize;    /* number of lines of scrollback */
 };
 #define VKI_VT_RESIZE   0x5609  /* set kernel's idea of screensize */
 
 struct vki_vt_consize {
     unsigned short v_rows;  /* number of rows */
     unsigned short v_cols;  /* number of columns */
     unsigned short v_vlin;  /* number of pixel rows on screen */
     unsigned short v_clin;  /* number of pixel rows per character */
     unsigned short v_vcol;  /* number of pixel columns on screen */
     unsigned short v_ccol;  /* number of pixel columns per character */
 };
 #define VKI_VT_RESIZEX      0x560A  /* set kernel's idea of screensize + more */
 #define VKI_VT_LOCKSWITCH   0x560B  /* disallow vt switching */
 #define VKI_VT_UNLOCKSWITCH 0x560C  /* allow vt switching */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.19/include/linux/prctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_PDEATHSIG  1  /* Second arg is a signal */
 #define VKI_PR_GET_PDEATHSIG  2  /* Second arg is a ptr to return the signal */
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_DUMPABLE   3
 #define VKI_PR_SET_DUMPABLE   4
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_UNALIGN    5
 #define VKI_PR_SET_UNALIGN    6
 # define VKI_PR_UNALIGN_NOPRINT 1   /* silently fix up unaligned user accesses */
 # define VKI_PR_UNALIGN_SIGBUS  2   /* generate SIGBUS on unaligned user access */
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_KEEPCAPS   7
 #define VKI_PR_SET_KEEPCAPS   8
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_FPEMU  9
 #define VKI_PR_SET_FPEMU 10
 # define VKI_PR_FPEMU_NOPRINT   1   /* silently emulate fp operations accesses */
 # define VKI_PR_FPEMU_SIGFPE    2   /* don't emulate fp operations, send SIGFPE instead */
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_FPEXC    11
 #define VKI_PR_SET_FPEXC    12
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_SW_ENABLE    0x80    /* Use FPEXC for FP exception enables */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_DIV      0x010000    /* floating point divide by zero */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_OVF      0x020000    /* floating point overflow */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_UND      0x040000    /* floating point underflow */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_RES      0x080000    /* floating point inexact result */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_INV      0x100000    /* floating point invalid operation */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_DISABLED 0   /* FP exceptions disabled */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_NONRECOV 1   /* async non-recoverable exc. mode */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_ASYNC    2   /* async recoverable exception mode */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_EXC_PRECISE  3   /* precise exception mode */
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_TIMING   13
 #define VKI_PR_SET_TIMING   14
 # define VKI_PR_TIMING_STATISTICAL  0       /* Normal, traditional,
                                                    statistical process timing */
 # define VKI_PR_TIMING_TIMESTAMP    1       /* Accurate timestamp based
                                                    process timing */
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_NAME    15       /* Set process name */
 #define VKI_PR_GET_NAME    16       /* Get process name */
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_ENDIAN   19
 #define VKI_PR_SET_ENDIAN   20
 # define VKI_PR_ENDIAN_BIG      0
 # define VKI_PR_ENDIAN_LITTLE   1   /* True little endian mode */
 # define VKI_PR_ENDIAN_PPC_LITTLE   2   /* "PowerPC" pseudo little endian */
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_SECCOMP 22
 
 #define VKI_PR_CAPBSET_READ 23
 #define VKI_PR_CAPBSET_DROP 24
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_TSC 25
 #define VKI_PR_SET_TSC 26
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_SECUREBITS 27
 #define VKI_PR_SET_SECUREBITS 28
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_TIMERSLACK 29
 #define VKI_PR_GET_TIMERSLACK 30
 
 #define VKI_PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_DISABLE     31
 #define VKI_PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_ENABLE      32
 
 #define VKI_PR_MCE_KILL 33
 #define VKI_PR_MCE_KILL_GET 34
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_PTRACER 0x59616d61
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER  36
 #define VKI_PR_GET_CHILD_SUBREAPER  37
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS 38
 #define VKI_PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS 39
 
 #define VKI_PR_GET_TID_ADDRESS  40
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_THP_DISABLE  41
 #define VKI_PR_GET_THP_DISABLE  42
 
 #define VKI_PR_MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT  43
 #define VKI_PR_MPX_DISABLE_MANAGEMENT 44
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_FP_MODE      45
 #define VKI_PR_GET_FP_MODE      46
 
 #define VKI_PR_CAP_AMBIENT      47
 
 #define VKI_PR_SVE_SET_VL       50
 #define VKI_PR_SVE_GET_VL       51
 #define VKI_PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL 52
 #define VKI_PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL 53
 #define VKI_PR_PAC_RESET_KEYS       54
 #define VKI_PR_SET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL 55
 #define VKI_PR_GET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL 56
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.19/include/linux/usbdevice_fs.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_ctrltransfer {
     __vki_u8 bRequestType;
     __vki_u8 bRequest;
     __vki_u16 wValue;
     __vki_u16 wIndex;
     __vki_u16 wLength;
     __vki_u32 timeout;  /* in milliseconds */
     void __user *data;
 };
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_bulktransfer {
     unsigned int ep;
     unsigned int len;
     unsigned int timeout; /* in milliseconds */
     void __user *data;
 };
 
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_MAXDRIVERNAME 255
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_getdriver {
     unsigned int interface;
     char driver[VKI_USBDEVFS_MAXDRIVERNAME + 1];
 };
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_connectinfo {
     unsigned int devnum;
     unsigned char slow;
 };
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_iso_packet_desc {
     unsigned int length;
     unsigned int actual_length;
     unsigned int status;
 };
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_urb {
     unsigned char type;
     unsigned char endpoint;
     int status;
     unsigned int flags;
     void __user *buffer;
     int buffer_length;
     int actual_length;
     int start_frame;
     int number_of_packets;
     int error_count;
     unsigned int signr;  /* signal to be sent on error, -1 if none should be sent */
     void *usercontext;
     struct vki_usbdevfs_iso_packet_desc iso_frame_desc[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_usbdevfs_ioctl {
     int ifno;       /* interface 0..N ; negative numbers reserved */
     int ioctl_code; /* MUST encode size + direction of data so the
                  * macros in <asm/ioctl.h> give correct values */
     void __user *data;  /* param buffer (in, or out) */
 };
 
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_CONTROL           _VKI_IOWR('U', 0, struct vki_usbdevfs_ctrltransfer)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_BULK              _VKI_IOWR('U', 2, struct vki_usbdevfs_bulktransfer)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_GETDRIVER         _VKI_IOW('U', 8, struct vki_usbdevfs_getdriver)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_SUBMITURB         _VKI_IOR('U', 10, struct vki_usbdevfs_urb)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_DISCARDURB        _VKI_IO('U', 11)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_REAPURB           _VKI_IOW('U', 12, void *)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_REAPURBNDELAY     _VKI_IOW('U', 13, void *)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_CONNECTINFO       _VKI_IOW('U', 17, struct vki_usbdevfs_connectinfo)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_IOCTL             _VKI_IOWR('U', 18, struct vki_usbdevfs_ioctl)
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_RESET             _VKI_IO('U', 20)
 
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_URB_TYPE_ISO              0
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_URB_TYPE_INTERRUPT        1
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_URB_TYPE_CONTROL          2
 #define VKI_USBDEVFS_URB_TYPE_BULK             3
 
 // [[this is missing in usbdevice_fs.h]]
 struct vki_usbdevfs_setuppacket {
        __vki_u8 bRequestType;
        __vki_u8 bRequest;
        __vki_u16 wValue;
        __vki_u16 wIndex;
        __vki_u16 wLength;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.20.1/include/linux/i2c.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_QUICK             0
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BYTE              1
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA         2
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA         3
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_PROC_CALL         4
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_DATA        5
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_BROKEN  6
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_PROC_CALL   7           /* SMBus 2.0 */
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA    8
 
 /* smbus_access read or write markers */
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_READ  1
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_WRITE 0
 
 #define VKI_I2C_SLAVE        0x0703  /* Change slave address                 */
                                      /* Attn.: Slave address is 7 or 10 bits */
 #define VKI_I2C_SLAVE_FORCE  0x0706  /* Change slave address                 */
                                      /* Attn.: Slave address is 7 or 10 bits */
                                      /* This changes the address, even if it */
                                      /* is already taken!                    */
 #define VKI_I2C_TENBIT       0x0704  /* 0 for 7 bit addrs, != 0 for 10 bit   */
 #define VKI_I2C_FUNCS        0x0705  /* Get the adapter functionality */
 #define VKI_I2C_RDWR         0x0707  /* Combined R/W transfer (one STOP only) */
 #define VKI_I2C_PEC          0x0708  /* != 0 for SMBus PEC                   */
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS        0x0720  /* SMBus transfer */
 
 #define VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX  32  /* As specified in SMBus standard */
 union vki_i2c_smbus_data {
         __vki_u8 byte;
         __vki_u16 word;
         __vki_u8 block[VKI_I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX + 2];
                  /* block[0] is used for length */
                  /* and one more for PEC */
 };
 
 /* This is the structure as used in the I2C_SMBUS ioctl call */
 struct vki_i2c_smbus_ioctl_data {
         __vki_u8 read_write;
         __vki_u8 command;
         __vki_u32 size;
         union vki_i2c_smbus_data __user *data;
 };
 
 struct vki_i2c_msg {
     __vki_u16 addr;     /* slave address            */
     __vki_u16 flags;
 #define VKI_I2C_M_TEN       0x0010  /* this is a ten bit chip address */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_RD        0x0001  /* read data, from slave to master */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_NOSTART   0x4000  /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_REV_DIR_ADDR  0x2000  /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK    0x1000  /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_NO_RD_ACK 0x0800  /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
 #define VKI_I2C_M_RECV_LEN  0x0400  /* length will be first received byte */
     __vki_u16 len;      /* msg length               */
     __vki_u8 *buf;      /* pointer to msg data          */
 };
 
 struct vki_i2c_rdwr_ioctl_data {
     struct vki_i2c_msg *msgs;   /* pointers to i2c_msgs */
     __vki_u32 nmsgs;        /* number of i2c_msgs */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.20.1/include/linux/keyctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /* keyctl commands */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID   0   /* ask for a keyring's ID */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING 1   /* join or start named session keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_UPDATE       2   /* update a key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_REVOKE       3   /* revoke a key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_CHOWN        4   /* set ownership of a key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_SETPERM      5   /* set perms on a key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_DESCRIBE     6   /* describe a key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_CLEAR        7   /* clear contents of a keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_LINK         8   /* link a key into a keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_UNLINK       9   /* unlink a key from a keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_SEARCH       10  /* search for a key in a keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_READ         11  /* read a key or keyring's contents */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE      12  /* instantiate a partially constructed key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_NEGATE       13  /* negate a partially constructed key */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_SET_REQKEY_KEYRING   14  /* set default request-key keyring */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_SET_TIMEOUT      15  /* set key timeout */
 #define VKI_KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY 16  /* assume request_key() authorisation */
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 // From linux-2.6.20.1/include/linux/key.h
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 /* key handle serial number */
 typedef vki_int32_t vki_key_serial_t;
 
 /* key handle permissions mask */
 typedef vki_uint32_t vki_key_perm_t;
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.24.7/include/linux/wireless.h
 // (wireless extensions version 22, 2007-03-16)
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /*
  * [[Wireless extensions ioctls.]]
  */
 
 /* Wireless Identification */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWCOMMIT   0x8B00  /* Commit pending changes to driver */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWNAME     0x8B01  /* get name == wireless protocol */
 
 /* Basic operations */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWNWID     0x8B02  /* set network id (pre-802.11) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWNWID     0x8B03  /* get network id (the cell) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWFREQ     0x8B04  /* set channel/frequency (Hz) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWFREQ     0x8B05  /* get channel/frequency (Hz) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWMODE     0x8B06  /* set operation mode */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWMODE     0x8B07  /* get operation mode */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWSENS     0x8B08  /* set sensitivity (dBm) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWSENS     0x8B09  /* get sensitivity (dBm) */
 
 /* Informative stuff */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWRANGE    0x8B0A  /* Unused */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWRANGE    0x8B0B  /* Get range of parameters */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWPRIV     0x8B0C  /* Unused */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWPRIV     0x8B0D  /* get private ioctl interface info */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWSTATS    0x8B0E  /* Unused */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWSTATS    0x8B0F  /* Get /proc/net/wireless stats */
 
 /* Spy support (statistics per MAC address - used for Mobile IP support) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWSPY      0x8B10  /* set spy addresses */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWSPY      0x8B11  /* get spy info (quality of link) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWTHRSPY   0x8B12  /* set spy threshold (spy event) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWTHRSPY   0x8B13  /* get spy threshold */
 
 /* Access Point manipulation */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWAP       0x8B14  /* set access point MAC addresses */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWAP       0x8B15  /* get access point MAC addresses */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWAPLIST   0x8B17  /* Deprecated in favor of scanning */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWSCAN         0x8B18  /* trigger scanning (list cells) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWSCAN         0x8B19  /* get scanning results */
 
 /* 802.11 specific support */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWESSID    0x8B1A  /* set ESSID (network name) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWESSID    0x8B1B  /* get ESSID */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWNICKN    0x8B1C  /* set node name/nickname */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWNICKN    0x8B1D  /* get node name/nickname */
 
 /* Other parameters useful in 802.11 and some other devices */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWRATE     0x8B20  /* set default bit rate (bps) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWRATE     0x8B21  /* get default bit rate (bps) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWRTS      0x8B22  /* set RTS/CTS threshold (bytes) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWRTS      0x8B23  /* get RTS/CTS threshold (bytes) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWFRAG     0x8B24  /* set fragmentation thr (bytes) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWFRAG     0x8B25  /* get fragmentation thr (bytes) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWTXPOW    0x8B26  /* set transmit power (dBm) */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWTXPOW    0x8B27  /* get transmit power (dBm) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWRETRY    0x8B28  /* set retry limits and lifetime */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWRETRY    0x8B29  /* get retry limits and lifetime */
 
 /* Encoding stuff (scrambling, hardware security, WEP...) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWENCODE   0x8B2A  /* set encoding token & mode */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWENCODE   0x8B2B  /* get encoding token & mode */
 
 /* Power saving stuff (power management, unicast and multicast) */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWPOWER    0x8B2C  /* set Power Management settings */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWPOWER    0x8B2D  /* get Power Management settings */
 
 /* WPA : Generic IEEE 802.11 information element (e.g., for WPA/RSN/WMM). */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWGENIE    0x8B30      /* set generic IE */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWGENIE    0x8B31      /* get generic IE */
 
 /* WPA : IEEE 802.11 MLME requests */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWMLME     0x8B16  /* request MLME operation; uses
                      * struct iw_mlme */
 /* WPA : Authentication mode parameters */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWAUTH     0x8B32  /* set authentication mode params */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWAUTH     0x8B33  /* get authentication mode params */
 
 /* WPA : Extended version of encoding configuration */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWENCODEEXT    0x8B34  /* set encoding token & mode */
 #define VKI_SIOCGIWENCODEEXT    0x8B35  /* get encoding token & mode */
 
 /* WPA2 : PMKSA cache management */
 #define VKI_SIOCSIWPMKSA    0x8B36  /* PMKSA cache operation */
 
 /*
  * [[Payload for the wireless extensions ioctls.]]
  */
 
 struct  vki_iw_param
 {
   __vki_s32 value;      /* The value of the parameter itself */
   __vki_u8  fixed;      /* Hardware should not use auto select */
   __vki_u8  disabled;   /* Disable the feature */
   __vki_u16 flags;      /* Various specific flags (if any) */
 };
 
 struct  vki_iw_point
 {
   void __user   *pointer;   /* Pointer to the data  (in user space) */
   __vki_u16 length;     /* number of fields or size in bytes */
   __vki_u16 flags;      /* Optional params */
 };
 
 struct  vki_iw_freq
 {
     __vki_s32   m;      /* Mantissa */
     __vki_s16   e;      /* Exponent */
     __vki_u8    i;      /* List index (when in range struct) */
     __vki_u8    flags;      /* Flags (fixed/auto) */
 };
 
 struct  vki_iw_quality
 {
     __vki_u8    qual;       /* link quality (%retries, SNR,
                        %missed beacons or better...) */
     __vki_u8    level;      /* signal level (dBm) */
     __vki_u8    noise;      /* noise level (dBm) */
     __vki_u8    updated;    /* Flags to know if updated */
 };
 
 union   vki_iwreq_data
 {
     /* Config - generic */
     char        name[VKI_IFNAMSIZ];
     /* Name : used to verify the presence of  wireless extensions.
      * Name of the protocol/provider... */
 
     struct vki_iw_point essid;  /* Extended network name */
     struct vki_iw_param nwid;   /* network id (or domain - the cell) */
     struct vki_iw_freq  freq;   /* frequency or channel :
                      * 0-1000 = channel
                      * > 1000 = frequency in Hz */
 
     struct vki_iw_param sens;   /* signal level threshold */
     struct vki_iw_param bitrate;/* default bit rate */
     struct vki_iw_param txpower;/* default transmit power */
     struct vki_iw_param rts;    /* RTS threshold threshold */
     struct vki_iw_param frag;   /* Fragmentation threshold */
     __vki_u32       mode;   /* Operation mode */
     struct vki_iw_param retry;  /* Retry limits & lifetime */
 
     struct vki_iw_point encoding; /* Encoding stuff : tokens */
     struct vki_iw_param power;  /* PM duration/timeout */
     struct vki_iw_quality   qual;   /* Quality part of statistics */
 
     struct vki_sockaddr ap_addr;    /* Access point address */
     struct vki_sockaddr addr;   /* Destination address (hw/mac) */
 
     struct vki_iw_param param;  /* Other small parameters */
     struct vki_iw_point data;   /* Other large parameters */
 };
 
 struct  vki_iwreq 
 {
     union
     {
         char ifrn_name[VKI_IFNAMSIZ];   /* if name, e.g. "eth0" */
     } ifr_ifrn;
 
     /* Data part (defined just above) */
     union   vki_iwreq_data  u;
 };
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 // From linux-2.6.31.5/include/linux/perf_event.h
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 struct vki_perf_event_attr {
 
     /*
      * Major type: hardware/software/tracepoint/etc.
      */
     __vki_u32           type;
 
     /*
      * Size of the attr structure, for fwd/bwd compat.
      */
     __vki_u32           size;
 
     /*
      * Type specific configuration information.
      */
     __vki_u64           config;
 
     union {
         __vki_u64       sample_period;
         __vki_u64       sample_freq;
     };
 
     __vki_u64           sample_type;
     __vki_u64           read_format;
 
     __vki_u64           disabled       :  1, /* off by default        */
                     inherit        :  1, /* children inherit it   */
                     pinned         :  1, /* must always be on PMU */
                     exclusive      :  1, /* only group on PMU     */
                     exclude_user   :  1, /* don't count user      */
                     exclude_kernel :  1, /* ditto kernel          */
                     exclude_hv     :  1, /* ditto hypervisor      */
                     exclude_idle   :  1, /* don't count when idle */
                     mmap           :  1, /* include mmap data     */
                     comm           :  1, /* include comm data     */
                     freq           :  1, /* use freq, not period  */
                     inherit_stat   :  1, /* per task counts       */
                     enable_on_exec :  1, /* next exec enables     */
                     task           :  1, /* trace fork/exit       */
                     watermark      :  1, /* wakeup_watermark      */
                     /*
                      * precise_ip:
                      *
                      *  0 - SAMPLE_IP can have arbitrary skid
                      *  1 - SAMPLE_IP must have constant skid
                      *  2 - SAMPLE_IP requested to have 0 skid
                      *  3 - SAMPLE_IP must have 0 skid
                      *
                      *  See also PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP
                      */
                     precise_ip     :  2, /* skid constraint       */
                     mmap_data      :  1, /* non-exec mmap data    */
                     sample_id_all  :  1, /* sample_type all events */
 
                     __reserved_1   : 45;
 
     union {
         __vki_u32       wakeup_events;    /* wakeup every n events */
         __vki_u32       wakeup_watermark; /* bytes before wakeup   */
     };
 
     __vki_u32           bp_type;
     union {
         __vki_u64       bp_addr;
         __vki_u64       config1; /* extension of config */
     };
     union {
         __vki_u64       bp_len;
         __vki_u64       config2; /* extension of config1 */
     };
 };
 
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE       _VKI_IO ('$', 0)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE      _VKI_IO ('$', 1)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH      _VKI_IO ('$', 2)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET        _VKI_IO ('$', 3)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD       _VKI_IOW('$', 4, __vki_u64)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT   _VKI_IO ('$', 5)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER   _VKI_IOW('$', 6, char *)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID           _VKI_IOR('$', 7, __vki_u64 *)
 #define VKI_PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF      _VKI_IOW('$', 8, __vki_u32)
 
 #define VKI_PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP       (1UL << 0)
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 // From linux-2.6.32.4/include/linux/getcpu.h
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 struct vki_getcpu_cache {
     unsigned long blob[128 / sizeof(long)];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.33.3/include/linux/input.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /*
  * IOCTLs (0x00 - 0x7f)
  */
 
 #define VKI_EVIOCGNAME(len) _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x06, len)     /* get device name */
 #define VKI_EVIOCGPHYS(len) _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x07, len)     /* get physical location */
 #define VKI_EVIOCGUNIQ(len) _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x08, len)     /* get unique identifier */
 
 #define VKI_EVIOCGKEY(len)  _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x18, len)     /* get global keystate */
 #define VKI_EVIOCGLED(len)  _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x19, len)     /* get all LEDs */
 #define VKI_EVIOCGSND(len)  _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x1a, len)     /* get all sounds status */
 #define VKI_EVIOCGSW(len)   _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x1b, len)     /* get all switch states */
 
 #define VKI_EVIOCGBIT(ev,len)   _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_READ, 'E', 0x20 + ev, len)    /* get event bits */
 
 #define VKI_EVIOCGRAB       _VKI_IOW('E', 0x90, int)
 /* grab device */
 
 /*
  * Event types
  */
 
 #define VKI_EV_SYN      0x00
 #define VKI_EV_KEY      0x01
 #define VKI_EV_REL      0x02
 #define VKI_EV_ABS      0x03
 #define VKI_EV_MSC      0x04
 #define VKI_EV_SW       0x05
 #define VKI_EV_LED      0x11
 #define VKI_EV_SND      0x12
 #define VKI_EV_REP      0x14
 #define VKI_EV_FF       0x15
 #define VKI_EV_PWR      0x16
 #define VKI_EV_FF_STATUS    0x17
 #define VKI_EV_MAX      0x1f
 #define VKI_EV_CNT      (VKI_EV_MAX+1)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.39-rc2/include/asm_generic/ioctls.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #ifndef VKI_FIOQSIZE
 #define VKI_FIOQSIZE 0x5460     /* Value differs on some platforms */
 #endif
 
 #ifndef VKI_TIOCSIG
 #define VKI_TIOCSIG _VKI_IOW('T', 0x36, int) /* Value differs on some platforms */
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From kernel/common/include/linux/ashmem.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #if defined(VGPV_arm_linux_android) || defined(VGPV_x86_linux_android) \
     || defined(VGPV_mips32_linux_android) \
     || defined(VGPV_arm64_linux_android)
 
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_NAME_LEN 256
 
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_NAME_DEF "dev/ashmem"
 
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_NOT_PURGED 0
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_WAS_PURGED 1
 
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_IS_UNPINNED 0
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_IS_PINNED 1
 
 struct vki_ashmem_pin {
    vki_uint32_t offset;
    vki_uint32_t len;
 };
 
 #define __VKI_ASHMEMIOC 0x77
 
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_SET_NAME _VKI_IOW(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 1, char[VKI_ASHMEM_NAME_LEN])
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_GET_NAME _VKI_IOR(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 2, char[VKI_ASHMEM_NAME_LEN])
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_SET_SIZE _VKI_IOW(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 3, vki_size_t)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_GET_SIZE _VKI_IO(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 4)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_SET_PROT_MASK _VKI_IOW(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 5, unsigned long)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_GET_PROT_MASK _VKI_IO(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 6)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_PIN _VKI_IOW(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 7, struct vki_ashmem_pin)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_UNPIN _VKI_IOW(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 8, struct vki_ashmem_pin)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_GET_PIN_STATUS _VKI_IO(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 9)
 #define VKI_ASHMEM_PURGE_ALL_CACHES _VKI_IO(__VKI_ASHMEMIOC, 10)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From kernel/common/include/linux/binder.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_binder_write_read {
  signed long write_size;
  signed long write_consumed;
  unsigned long write_buffer;
  signed long read_size;
  signed long read_consumed;
  unsigned long read_buffer;
 };
 
 struct vki_binder_version {
  signed long protocol_version;
 };
 
 #define VKI_BINDER_WRITE_READ _VKI_IOWR('b', 1, struct vki_binder_write_read)
 #define VKI_BINDER_SET_IDLE_TIMEOUT _VKI_IOW('b', 3, vki_int64_t)
 #define VKI_BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS _VKI_IOW('b', 5, vki_size_t)
 #define VKI_BINDER_SET_IDLE_PRIORITY _VKI_IOW('b', 6, int)
 #define VKI_BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR _VKI_IOW('b', 7, int)
 #define VKI_BINDER_THREAD_EXIT _VKI_IOW('b', 8, int)
 #define VKI_BINDER_VERSION _VKI_IOWR('b', 9, struct vki_binder_version)
 
 #endif /* defined(VGPV_*_linux_android) */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.0.4/include/net/bluetooth/bluetooth.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef struct {
    __vki_u8 b[6];
 } __vki_packed vki_bdaddr_t;
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.0.4/include/net/bluetooth/hci.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_HCIDEVUP        _VKI_IOW('H', 201, int)
 #define VKI_HCIDEVDOWN      _VKI_IOW('H', 202, int)
 #define VKI_HCIDEVRESET     _VKI_IOW('H', 203, int)
 #define VKI_HCIDEVRESTAT    _VKI_IOW('H', 204, int)
 
 #define VKI_HCIGETDEVLIST   _VKI_IOR('H', 210, int)
 
 struct vki_hci_dev_req {
     __vki_u16  dev_id;
     __vki_u32  dev_opt;
 };
 
 struct vki_hci_dev_list_req {
     __vki_u16  dev_num;
     struct vki_hci_dev_req dev_req[0];  /* hci_dev_req structures */
 };
 
 #define VKI_HCIGETDEVINFO   _VKI_IOR('H', 211, int)
 #define VKI_HCIGETCONNLIST  _VKI_IOR('H', 212, int)
 #define VKI_HCIGETCONNINFO  _VKI_IOR('H', 213, int)
 #define VKI_HCIGETAUTHINFO  _VKI_IOR('H', 215, int)
 
 #define VKI_HCISETRAW       _VKI_IOW('H', 220, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETSCAN      _VKI_IOW('H', 221, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETAUTH      _VKI_IOW('H', 222, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETENCRYPT   _VKI_IOW('H', 223, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETPTYPE     _VKI_IOW('H', 224, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETLINKPOL   _VKI_IOW('H', 225, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETLINKMODE  _VKI_IOW('H', 226, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETACLMTU    _VKI_IOW('H', 227, int)
 #define VKI_HCISETSCOMTU    _VKI_IOW('H', 228, int)
 
 #define VKI_HCIBLOCKADDR    _VKI_IOW('H', 230, int)
 #define VKI_HCIUNBLOCKADDR  _VKI_IOW('H', 231, int)
 
 #define VKI_HCIINQUIRY      _VKI_IOR('H', 240, int)
 
 struct vki_inquiry_info {
    vki_bdaddr_t bdaddr;
    __vki_u8     pscan_rep_mode;
    __vki_u8     pscan_period_mode;
    __vki_u8     pscan_mode;
    __vki_u8     dev_class[3];
    __vki_le16   clock_offset;
 } __vki_packed;
 
 struct vki_hci_inquiry_req {
    __vki_u16 dev_id;
    __vki_u16 flags;
    __vki_u8  lap[3];
    __vki_u8  length;
    __vki_u8  num_rsp;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.9.2/include/net/bluetooth/rfcomm.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_sockaddr_rc {
         vki_sa_family_t     rc_family;
         vki_bdaddr_t        rc_bdaddr;
         __vki_u8            rc_channel;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.4/include/linux/kvm.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 #define KVMIO 0xAE
 
 #define VKI_KVM_GET_API_VERSION       _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x00)
 #define VKI_KVM_CREATE_VM             _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x01) /* returns a VM fd */
 #define VKI_KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION       _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x03)
 #define VKI_KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE    _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x04) /* in bytes */
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_ENABLE_SIE       _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x06)
 #define VKI_KVM_CREATE_VCPU           _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x41)
 #define VKI_KVM_SET_NR_MMU_PAGES      _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x44)
 #define VKI_KVM_GET_NR_MMU_PAGES      _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x45)
 #define VKI_KVM_SET_TSS_ADDR          _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x47)
 #define VKI_KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP        _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x60)
 #define VKI_KVM_CREATE_PIT            _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x64)
 #define VKI_KVM_REINJECT_CONTROL      _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x71)
 #define VKI_KVM_SET_BOOT_CPU_ID       _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x78)
 #define VKI_KVM_SET_TSC_KHZ           _VKI_IO(KVMIO,  0xa2)
 #define VKI_KVM_GET_TSC_KHZ           _VKI_IO(KVMIO,  0xa3)
 #define VKI_KVM_RUN                   _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x80)
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_INITIAL_RESET    _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x97)
 #define VKI_KVM_NMI                   _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0x9a)
 #define VKI_KVM_KVMCLOCK_CTRL         _VKI_IO(KVMIO,   0xad)
 
 struct vki_kvm_s390_mem_op {
         /* in */
         __vki_u64 gaddr;            /* the guest address */
         __vki_u64 flags;            /* flags */
         __vki_u32 size;             /* amount of bytes */
         __vki_u32 op;               /* type of operation */
         __vki_u64 buf;              /* buffer in userspace */
         __vki_u8 ar;                /* the access register number */
         __vki_u8 reserved[31];      /* should be set to 0 */
 };
 
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_READ     0
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_WRITE    1
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY     (1ULL << 0)
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_INJECT_EXCEPTION   (1ULL << 1)
 
 #define VKI_KVM_S390_MEM_OP           _VKI_IOW(KVMIO,  0xb1, struct vki_kvm_s390_mem_op)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6/include/linux/net_stamp.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_hwtstamp_config {
     int flags;
     int tx_type;
     int rx_filter;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6.12-rc2/include/linux/uinput.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE       'U'
 #define VKI_UI_DEV_CREATE       _VKI_IO(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 1)
 #define VKI_UI_DEV_DESTROY      _VKI_IO(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 2)
 
 #define VKI_UI_SET_EVBIT        _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 100, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_KEYBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 101, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_RELBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 102, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_ABSBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 103, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_MSCBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 104, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_LEDBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 105, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_SNDBIT       _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 106, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_FFBIT        _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 107, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_SWBIT        _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 109, int)
 #define VKI_UI_SET_PROPBIT      _VKI_IOW(VKI_UINPUT_IOCTL_BASE, 110, int)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-2.6/include/uapi/rdma/ib_user_mad.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_IB_IOCTL_MAGIC          0x1b
 
 #define VKI_IB_USER_MAD_REGISTER_AGENT    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_IB_IOCTL_MAGIC, 1, \
                                               struct ib_user_mad_reg_req)
 
 #define VKI_IB_USER_MAD_UNREGISTER_AGENT  _VKI_IOW(VKI_IB_IOCTL_MAGIC, 2, __u32)
 
 #define VKI_IB_USER_MAD_ENABLE_PKEY       _VKI_IO(VKI_IB_IOCTL_MAGIC, 3)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.8/include/uapi/linux/if_tun.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_TUNSETNOCSUM  _VKI_IOW('T', 200, int) 
 #define VKI_TUNSETDEBUG   _VKI_IOW('T', 201, int) 
 #define VKI_TUNSETIFF     _VKI_IOW('T', 202, int) 
 #define VKI_TUNSETPERSIST _VKI_IOW('T', 203, int) 
 #define VKI_TUNSETOWNER   _VKI_IOW('T', 204, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETLINK    _VKI_IOW('T', 205, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETGROUP   _VKI_IOW('T', 206, int)
 #define VKI_TUNGETFEATURES _VKI_IOR('T', 207, unsigned int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETOFFLOAD  _VKI_IOW('T', 208, unsigned int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETTXFILTER _VKI_IOW('T', 209, unsigned int)
 #define VKI_TUNGETIFF      _VKI_IOR('T', 210, unsigned int)
 #define VKI_TUNGETSNDBUF   _VKI_IOR('T', 211, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETSNDBUF   _VKI_IOW('T', 212, int)
 //#define VKI_TUNATTACHFILTER _VKI_IOW('T', 213, struct sock_fprog)
 //#define VKI_TUNDETACHFILTER _VKI_IOW('T', 214, struct sock_fprog)
 #define VKI_TUNGETVNETHDRSZ _VKI_IOR('T', 215, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETVNETHDRSZ _VKI_IOW('T', 216, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETQUEUE  _VKI_IOW('T', 217, int)
 #define VKI_TUNSETIFINDEX   _VKI_IOW('T', 218, unsigned int)
 //#define VKI_TUNGETFILTER _VKI_IOR('T', 219, struct sock_fprog)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.8/include/uapi/linux/vhost.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_VHOST_VIRTIO 0xAF
 #define VKI_VHOST_SET_OWNER _VKI_IO(VKI_VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x01)
 #define VKI_VHOST_RESET_OWNER _VKI_IO(VKI_VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x02)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Xen privcmd IOCTL
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef unsigned long __vki_xen_pfn_t;
 
 struct vki_xen_privcmd_hypercall {
        __vki_u64 op;
        __vki_u64 arg[5];
 };
 
 struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmap_entry {
         __vki_u64 va;
         __vki_u64 mfn;
         __vki_u64 npages;
 };
 
 struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmap {
         int num;
         __vki_u16 dom; /* target domain */
         struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmap_entry *entry;
 };
 
 struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmapbatch {
         int num;     /* number of pages to populate */
         __vki_u16 dom; /* target domain */
         __vki_u64 addr;  /* virtual address */
         __vki_xen_pfn_t *arr; /* array of mfns - top nibble set on err */
 };
 
 struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmapbatch_v2 {
         unsigned int num; /* number of pages to populate */
         __vki_u16 dom;      /* target domain */
         __vki_u64 addr;       /* virtual address */
         const __vki_xen_pfn_t *arr; /* array of mfns */
         int __user *err;  /* array of error codes */
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_PRIVCMD_HYPERCALL    _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'P', 0, sizeof(struct vki_xen_privcmd_hypercall))
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_PRIVCMD_MMAP         _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'P', 2, sizeof(struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmap))
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_PRIVCMD_MMAPBATCH    _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'P', 3, sizeof(struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmapbatch))
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_PRIVCMD_MMAPBATCH_V2 _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'P', 4, sizeof(struct vki_xen_privcmd_mmapbatch_v2))
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Xen evtchn IOCTL
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_BIND_VIRQ              \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 0, sizeof(struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_virq))
 struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_virq {
     vki_uint32_t virq;
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_BIND_INTERDOMAIN           \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 1, sizeof(struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_interdomain))
 struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_interdomain {
     vki_uint32_t remote_domain;
     vki_uint32_t remote_port;
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_BIND_UNBOUND_PORT          \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 2, sizeof(struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_unbound_port))
 struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_bind_unbound_port {
     vki_uint32_t remote_domain;
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_UNBIND             \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 3, sizeof(struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_unbind))
 struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_unbind {
     vki_uint32_t port;
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_NOTIFY             \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 4, sizeof(struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_notify))
 struct vki_xen_ioctl_evtchn_notify {
     vki_uint32_t port;
 };
 
 #define VKI_XEN_IOCTL_EVTCHN_RESET              \
     _VKI_IOC(_VKI_IOC_NONE, 'E', 5, 0)
 
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.4.0/include/linux/fs.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_file_handle {
    __vki_u32 handle_bytes;
    int handle_type;
    /* file identifier */
    unsigned char f_handle[0];
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.2.0/include/linux/filter.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_sock_filter {
     __vki_u16 code; /* Actual filter code */
     __vki_u8 jt;    /* Jump true */
     __vki_u8 jf;    /* Jump false */
     __vki_u32 k;    /* Generic multiuse field */
 };
 
 struct vki_sock_fprog {
     __vki_u16 len;  /* actually unsigned short */
     struct vki_sock_filter *filter;
 };
    
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux/include/uapi/linux/ethtool.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_ethtool_cmd {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   supported;
     __vki_u32   advertising;
     __vki_u16   speed;
     __vki_u8    duplex;
     __vki_u8    port;
     __vki_u8    phy_address;
     __vki_u8    transceiver;
     __vki_u8    autoneg;
     __vki_u8    mdio_support;
     __vki_u32   maxtxpkt;
     __vki_u32   maxrxpkt;
     __vki_u16   speed_hi;
     __vki_u8    eth_tp_mdix;
     __vki_u8    eth_tp_mdix_ctrl;
     __vki_u32   lp_advertising;
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];
 };
 
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_FWVERS_LEN  32
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_BUSINFO_LEN 32
 
 struct vki_ethtool_drvinfo {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     char    driver[32];
     char    version[32];
     char    fw_version[VKI_ETHTOOL_FWVERS_LEN];
     char    bus_info[VKI_ETHTOOL_BUSINFO_LEN];
     char    reserved1[32];
     char    reserved2[12];
     __vki_u32   n_priv_flags;
     __vki_u32   n_stats;
     __vki_u32   testinfo_len;
     __vki_u32   eedump_len;
     __vki_u32   regdump_len;
 };
 
 #define VKI_SOPASS_MAX  6
 
 struct vki_ethtool_wolinfo {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   supported;
     __vki_u32   wolopts;
     __vki_u8    sopass[VKI_SOPASS_MAX];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_value {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   data;
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_regs {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   version;
     __vki_u32   len;
     __vki_u8    data[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_ringparam {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   rx_max_pending;
     __vki_u32   rx_mini_max_pending;
     __vki_u32   rx_jumbo_max_pending;
     __vki_u32   tx_max_pending;
     __vki_u32   rx_pending;
     __vki_u32   rx_mini_pending;
     __vki_u32   rx_jumbo_pending;
     __vki_u32   tx_pending;
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_channels {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   max_rx;
     __vki_u32   max_tx;
     __vki_u32   max_other;
     __vki_u32   max_combined;
     __vki_u32   rx_count;
     __vki_u32   tx_count;
     __vki_u32   other_count;
     __vki_u32   combined_count;
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_sset_info {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   reserved;
     __vki_u64   sset_mask;
     __vki_u32   data[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_test {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   flags;
     __vki_u32   reserved;
     __vki_u32   len;
     __vki_u64   data[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_perm_addr {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   size;
     __vki_u8    data[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_get_features_block {
     __vki_u32   available;
     __vki_u32   requested;
     __vki_u32   active;
     __vki_u32   never_changed;
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_gfeatures {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   size;
     struct vki_ethtool_get_features_block features[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_set_features_block {
     __vki_u32   valid;
     __vki_u32   requested;
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_sfeatures {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   size;
     struct vki_ethtool_set_features_block features[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_ethtool_ts_info {
     __vki_u32   cmd;
     __vki_u32   so_timestamping;
     __vki_s32   phc_index;
     __vki_u32   tx_types;
     __vki_u32   tx_reserved[3];
     __vki_u32   rx_filters;
     __vki_u32   rx_reserved[3];
 };
 
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GSET    0x00000001 /* Get settings. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SSET    0x00000002 /* Set settings. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GDRVINFO    0x00000003 /* Get driver info. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GREGS   0x00000004 /* Get NIC registers. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GWOL    0x00000005 /* Get wake-on-lan options. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SWOL    0x00000006 /* Set wake-on-lan options. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GMSGLVL 0x00000007 /* Get driver message level */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SMSGLVL 0x00000008 /* Set driver msg level. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_NWAY_RST    0x00000009 /* Restart autonegotiation. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GLINK   0x0000000a
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GRINGPARAM  0x00000010 /* Get ring parameters */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SRINGPARAM  0x00000011 /* Set ring parameters. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GRXCSUM 0x00000014 /* Get RX hw csum enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SRXCSUM 0x00000015 /* Set RX hw csum enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GTXCSUM 0x00000016 /* Get TX hw csum enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_STXCSUM 0x00000017 /* Set TX hw csum enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GSG     0x00000018 /* Get scatter-gather enable
                         * (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SSG     0x00000019 /* Set scatter-gather enable
                         * (ethtool_value). */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_TEST    0x0000001a /* execute NIC self-test. */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_PHYS_ID 0x0000001c /* identify the NIC */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GTSO    0x0000001e /* Get TSO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_STSO    0x0000001f /* Set TSO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GPERMADDR   0x00000020 /* Get permanent hardware address */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GUFO    0x00000021 /* Get UFO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SUFO    0x00000022 /* Set UFO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GGSO    0x00000023 /* Get GSO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SGSO    0x00000024 /* Set GSO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GFLAGS  0x00000025 /* Get flags bitmap(ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SFLAGS  0x00000026 /* Set flags bitmap(ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GGRO    0x0000002b /* Get GRO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SGRO    0x0000002c /* Set GRO enable (ethtool_value) */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_RESET   0x00000034 /* Reset hardware */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GSSET_INFO  0x00000037 /* Get string set info */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GFEATURES   0x0000003a /* Get device offload settings */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SFEATURES   0x0000003b /* Change device offload settings */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GCHANNELS   0x0000003c /* Get no of channels */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_SCHANNELS   0x0000003d /* Set no of channels */
 #define VKI_ETHTOOL_GET_TS_INFO 0x00000041 /* Get time stamping and PHC info */
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.15.8/drivers/staging/android/uapi/ion.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 typedef int vki_ion_user_handle_t;
 
 struct vki_ion_allocation_data {
         vki_size_t len;
         vki_size_t align;
         unsigned int heap_id_mask;
         unsigned int flags;
         vki_ion_user_handle_t handle;
 };
 
 struct vki_ion_fd_data {
         vki_ion_user_handle_t handle;
         int fd;
 };
 
 struct vki_ion_handle_data {
         vki_ion_user_handle_t handle;
 };
 
 struct vki_ion_custom_data {
         unsigned int cmd;
         unsigned long arg;
 };
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC   'I'
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_ALLOC \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 0, struct vki_ion_allocation_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_FREE \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 1, struct vki_ion_handle_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_MAP \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 2, struct vki_ion_fd_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_SHARE \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 4, struct vki_ion_fd_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_IMPORT \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 5, struct vki_ion_fd_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_SYNC \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 7, struct vki_ion_fd_data)
 
 #define VKI_ION_IOC_CUSTOM \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_ION_IOC_MAGIC, 6, struct vki_ion_custom_data)
 
 struct vki_procmap_query {
     __vki_u64 size;
     __vki_u64 query_flags;              /* in */
     __vki_u64 query_addr;               /* in */
     __vki_u64 vma_start;                /* out */
     __vki_u64 vma_end;                  /* out */
     __vki_u64 vma_flags;                /* out */
     __vki_u64 vma_page_size;            /* out */
     __vki_u64 vma_offset;               /* out */
     __vki_u64 inode;                    /* out */
     __vki_u32 dev_major;                /* out */
     __vki_u32 dev_minor;                /* out */
     __vki_u32 vma_name_size;            /* in/out */
     __vki_u32 build_id_size;            /* in/out */
     __vki_u64 vma_name_addr;            /* in */
     __vki_u64 build_id_addr;            /* in */
 };
 
 // linux/fs.h
 #define VKI_PROCFS_IOCTL_MAGIC 'f'
 
 #define VKI_PROCMAP_QUERY \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_PROCFS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 17, struct vki_procmap_query)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From include/uapi/linux/sync_file.h 6.10.3
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_sync_merge_data {
         char      name[32];
         __vki_s32 fd2;
         __vki_s32 fence;
         __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 pad;
 };
 
 struct vki_sync_fence_info {
         char      obj_name[32];
         char      driver_name[32];
         __vki_s32 status;
         __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u64 timestamp_ns;
 };
 
 struct vki_sync_file_info {
         char      name[32];
         __vki_s32 status;
         __vki_u32 flags;
         __vki_u32 num_fences;
         __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u64 sync_fence_info;
 };
 
 struct vki_sync_set_deadline {
     __vki_u64 deadline_ns;
     __vki_u64 pad;
 };
 
 #define VKI_SYNC_IOC_MAGIC   '>'
 
 #define VKI_SYNC_IOC_WAIT \
    _VKI_IOW(VKI_SYNC_IOC_MAGIC, 0, __vki_s32)
 
 #define VKI_SYNC_IOC_MERGE \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_SYNC_IOC_MAGIC, 3, struct vki_sync_merge_data)
 
 #define VKI_SYNC_IOC_FILE_INFO \
    _VKI_IOWR(VKI_SYNC_IOC_MAGIC, 4, struct vki_sync_file_info)
 
 #define VKI_SYNC_IOC_SET_DEADLINE \
    _VKI_IOW(VKI_SYNC_IOC_MAGIC, 5, struct vki_sync_set_deadline)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From drivers/staging/lustre/lustre/include/lustre/lustre_user.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_lu_fid {
     __vki_u64   f_seq;
     __vki_u32   f_oid;
     __vki_u32   f_ver;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From drivers/staging/lustre/lustre/include/lustre/lustre_idl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_getinfo_fid2path {
     struct vki_lu_fid   gf_fid;
     __vki_u64       gf_recno;
     __vki_u32       gf_linkno;
     __vki_u32       gf_pathlen;
     char            gf_path[0];
 } __attribute__((packed));
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From drivers/staging/lustre/lustre/include/linux/lustre_lib.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_OBD_IOC_DATA_TYPE               long
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From drivers/staging/lustre/lustre/include/lustre_lib.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_OBD_IOC_FID2PATH \
            _VKI_IOWR ('f', 150, VKI_OBD_IOC_DATA_TYPE)
 #define VKI_LL_IOC_PATH2FID \
            _VKI_IOR ('f', 173, long)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From lustre/include/lustre/lustre_idl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_getparent {
     struct vki_lu_fid   gp_fid;
     __vki_u32       gp_linkno;
     __vki_u32       gp_name_size;
     char            gp_name[0];
 } __attribute__((packed));
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From Lustre's lustre/include/lustre/lustre_user.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 #define VKI_LL_IOC_GROUP_LOCK \
            _VKI_IOW('f', 158, long)
 #define VKI_LL_IOC_GROUP_UNLOCK \
            _VKI_IOW('f', 159, long)
 #define VKI_LL_IOC_GETPARENT \
            _VKI_IOWR('f', 249, struct vki_getparent)
 
 
 struct vki_v4l2_rect {
     __vki_s32   left;
     __vki_s32   top;
     __vki_u32   width;
     __vki_u32   height;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_fract {
     __vki_u32   numerator;
     __vki_u32   denominator;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_capability {
     __vki_u8    driver[16];
     __vki_u8    card[32];
     __vki_u8    bus_info[32];
     __vki_u32   version;
     __vki_u32   capabilities;
     __vki_u32   device_caps;
     __vki_u32   reserved[3];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_pix_format {
     __vki_u32               width;
     __vki_u32           height;
     __vki_u32           pixelformat;
     __vki_u32           field;      /* enum vki_v4l2_field */
     __vki_u32               bytesperline;   /* for padding, zero if unused */
     __vki_u32               sizeimage;
     __vki_u32           colorspace; /* enum vki_v4l2_colorspace */
     __vki_u32           priv;       /* private data, depends on pixelformat */
     __vki_u32           flags;      /* format flags (VKI_V4L2_PIX_FMT_FLAG_*) */
     __vki_u32           ycbcr_enc;
     __vki_u32           quantization;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_fmtdesc {
     __vki_u32           index;             /* Format number      */
     __vki_u32           type;              /* enum vki_v4l2_buf_type */
     __vki_u32               flags;
     __vki_u8            description[32];   /* Description string */
     __vki_u32           pixelformat;       /* Format fourcc      */
     __vki_u32           reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frmsize_discrete {
     __vki_u32           width;      /* Frame width [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           height;     /* Frame height [pixel] */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frmsize_stepwise {
     __vki_u32           min_width;  /* Minimum frame width [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           max_width;  /* Maximum frame width [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           step_width; /* Frame width step size [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           min_height; /* Minimum frame height [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           max_height; /* Maximum frame height [pixel] */
     __vki_u32           step_height;    /* Frame height step size [pixel] */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frmsizeenum {
     __vki_u32           index;      /* Frame size number */
     __vki_u32           pixel_format;   /* Pixel format */
     __vki_u32           type;       /* Frame size type the device supports. */
 
     union {                 /* Frame size */
         struct vki_v4l2_frmsize_discrete    discrete;
         struct vki_v4l2_frmsize_stepwise    stepwise;
     };
 
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];            /* Reserved space for future use */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frmival_stepwise {
     struct vki_v4l2_fract   min;
     struct vki_v4l2_fract   max;
     struct vki_v4l2_fract   step;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frmivalenum {
     __vki_u32           index;
     __vki_u32           pixel_format;
     __vki_u32           width;
     __vki_u32           height;
     __vki_u32           type;
 
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_fract       discrete;
         struct vki_v4l2_frmival_stepwise    stepwise;
     };
 
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_timecode {
     __vki_u32   type;
     __vki_u32   flags;
     __vki_u8    frames;
     __vki_u8    seconds;
     __vki_u8    minutes;
     __vki_u8    hours;
     __vki_u8    userbits[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_jpegcompression {
     int quality;
     int  APPn;
     int  APP_len;
     char APP_data[60];
     int  COM_len;
     char COM_data[60];
     __vki_u32 jpeg_markers;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_requestbuffers {
     __vki_u32           count;
     __vki_u32           type;
     __vki_u32           memory;
     __vki_u32           reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_plane {
     __vki_u32           bytesused;
     __vki_u32           length;
     union {
         __vki_u32       mem_offset;
         unsigned long   userptr;
         __vki_s32       fd;
     } m;
     __vki_u32           data_offset;
     __vki_u32           reserved[11];
 };
 
 #define VKI_V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP             1
 #define VKI_V4L2_MEMORY_DMABUF           4
 #define VKI_V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_MASK        0x0000e000
 #define VKI_V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_COPY        0x00004000
 struct vki_v4l2_buffer {
     __vki_u32           index;
     __vki_u32           type;
     __vki_u32           bytesused;
     __vki_u32           flags;
     __vki_u32           field;
     struct vki_timeval      timestamp;
     struct vki_v4l2_timecode    timecode;
     __vki_u32           sequence;
 
     /* memory location */
     __vki_u32           memory;
     union {
         __vki_u32           offset;
         unsigned long   userptr;
         struct vki_v4l2_plane *planes;
         __vki_s32       fd;
     } m;
     __vki_u32           length;
     __vki_u32           reserved2;
     __vki_u32           reserved;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_exportbuffer {
     __vki_u32       type; /* enum vki_v4l2_buf_type */
     __vki_u32       index;
     __vki_u32       plane;
     __vki_u32       flags;
     __vki_s32       fd;
     __vki_u32       reserved[11];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_framebuffer {
     __vki_u32           capability;
     __vki_u32           flags;
     void                    *base;
     struct {
         __vki_u32       width;
         __vki_u32       height;
         __vki_u32       pixelformat;
         __vki_u32       field;      /* enum vki_v4l2_field */
         __vki_u32       bytesperline;   /* for padding, zero if unused */
         __vki_u32       sizeimage;
         __vki_u32       colorspace; /* enum vki_v4l2_colorspace */
         __vki_u32       priv;       /* reserved field, set to 0 */
     } fmt;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_clip {
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        c;
     struct vki_v4l2_clip    __user *next;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_window {
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        w;
     __vki_u32           field;   /* enum vki_v4l2_field */
     __vki_u32           chromakey;
     struct vki_v4l2_clip    __user *clips;
     __vki_u32           clipcount;
     void            __user *bitmap;
     __vki_u8                    global_alpha;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_captureparm {
     __vki_u32          capability;    /*  Supported modes */
     __vki_u32          capturemode;   /*  Current mode */
     struct vki_v4l2_fract  timeperframe;  /*  Time per frame in seconds */
     __vki_u32          extendedmode;  /*  Driver-specific extensions */
     __vki_u32              readbuffers;   /*  # of buffers for read */
     __vki_u32          reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_outputparm {
     __vki_u32          capability;   /*  Supported modes */
     __vki_u32          outputmode;   /*  Current mode */
     struct vki_v4l2_fract  timeperframe; /*  Time per frame in seconds */
     __vki_u32          extendedmode; /*  Driver-specific extensions */
     __vki_u32              writebuffers; /*  # of buffers for write */
     __vki_u32          reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_cropcap {
     __vki_u32           type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_buf_type */
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        bounds;
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        defrect;
     struct vki_v4l2_fract       pixelaspect;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_crop {
     __vki_u32           type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_buf_type */
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        c;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_selection {
     __vki_u32           type;
     __vki_u32           target;
     __vki_u32                   flags;
     struct vki_v4l2_rect        r;
     __vki_u32                   reserved[9];
 };
 
 typedef __vki_u64 vki_v4l2_std_id;
 
 struct vki_v4l2_standard {
     __vki_u32            index;
     vki_v4l2_std_id          id;
     __vki_u8             name[24];
     struct vki_v4l2_fract    frameperiod; /* Frames, not fields */
     __vki_u32            framelines;
     __vki_u32            reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_bt_timings {
     __vki_u32   width;
     __vki_u32   height;
     __vki_u32   interlaced;
     __vki_u32   polarities;
     __vki_u64   pixelclock;
     __vki_u32   hfrontporch;
     __vki_u32   hsync;
     __vki_u32   hbackporch;
     __vki_u32   vfrontporch;
     __vki_u32   vsync;
     __vki_u32   vbackporch;
     __vki_u32   il_vfrontporch;
     __vki_u32   il_vsync;
     __vki_u32   il_vbackporch;
     __vki_u32   standards;
     __vki_u32   flags;
     __vki_u32   reserved[14];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings {
     __vki_u32 type;
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_bt_timings  bt;
         __vki_u32   reserved[32];
     };
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_enum_dv_timings {
     __vki_u32 index;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
     struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings timings;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_bt_timings_cap {
     __vki_u32   min_width;
     __vki_u32   max_width;
     __vki_u32   min_height;
     __vki_u32   max_height;
     __vki_u64   min_pixelclock;
     __vki_u64   max_pixelclock;
     __vki_u32   standards;
     __vki_u32   capabilities;
     __vki_u32   reserved[16];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings_cap {
     __vki_u32 type;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_bt_timings_cap bt;
         __vki_u32 raw_data[32];
     };
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_input {
     __vki_u32        index;     /*  Which input */
     __vki_u8         name[32];      /*  Label */
     __vki_u32        type;      /*  Type of input */
     __vki_u32        audioset;      /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
     __vki_u32        tuner;             /*  enum vki_v4l2_tuner_type */
     vki_v4l2_std_id  std;
     __vki_u32        status;
     __vki_u32        capabilities;
     __vki_u32        reserved[3];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_output {
     __vki_u32        index;     /*  Which output */
     __vki_u8         name[32];      /*  Label */
     __vki_u32        type;      /*  Type of output */
     __vki_u32        audioset;      /*  Associated audios (bitfield) */
     __vki_u32        modulator;         /*  Associated modulator */
     vki_v4l2_std_id  std;
     __vki_u32        capabilities;
     __vki_u32        reserved[3];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_control {
     __vki_u32            id;
     __vki_s32            value;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_ext_control {
     __vki_u32 id;
     __vki_u32 size;
     __vki_u32 reserved2[1];
     union {
         __vki_s32 value;
         __vki_s64 value64;
         char *string;
         __vki_u8 *p_u8;
         __vki_u16 *p_u16;
         __vki_u32 *p_u32;
         void *ptr;
     };
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_ext_controls {
     __vki_u32 ctrl_class;
     __vki_u32 count;
     __vki_u32 error_idx;
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
     struct vki_v4l2_ext_control *controls;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_queryctrl {
     __vki_u32            id;
     __vki_u32            type;  /* enum vki_v4l2_ctrl_type */
     __vki_u8             name[32];  /* Whatever */
     __vki_s32            minimum;   /* Note signedness */
     __vki_s32            maximum;
     __vki_s32            step;
     __vki_s32            default_value;
     __vki_u32                flags;
     __vki_u32            reserved[2];
 };
 
 #define VKI_V4L2_CTRL_MAX_DIMS    (4)
 struct vki_v4l2_query_ext_ctrl {
     __vki_u32            id;
     __vki_u32            type;
     char             name[32];
     __vki_s64            minimum;
     __vki_s64            maximum;
     __vki_u64            step;
     __vki_s64            default_value;
     __vki_u32                flags;
     __vki_u32                elem_size;
     __vki_u32                elems;
     __vki_u32                nr_of_dims;
     __vki_u32                dims[VKI_V4L2_CTRL_MAX_DIMS];
     __vki_u32            reserved[32];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_querymenu {
     __vki_u32       id;
     __vki_u32       index;
     union {
         __vki_u8    name[32];   /* Whatever */
         __vki_s64   value;
     };
     __vki_u32       reserved;
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_tuner {
     __vki_u32                   index;
     __vki_u8            name[32];
     __vki_u32           type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_tuner_type */
     __vki_u32           capability;
     __vki_u32           rangelow;
     __vki_u32           rangehigh;
     __vki_u32           rxsubchans;
     __vki_u32           audmode;
     __vki_s32           signal;
     __vki_s32           afc;
     __vki_u32           reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_modulator {
     __vki_u32           index;
     __vki_u8            name[32];
     __vki_u32           capability;
     __vki_u32           rangelow;
     __vki_u32           rangehigh;
     __vki_u32           txsubchans;
     __vki_u32           reserved[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frequency {
     __vki_u32   tuner;
     __vki_u32   type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_tuner_type */
     __vki_u32   frequency;
     __vki_u32   reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_frequency_band {
     __vki_u32   tuner;
     __vki_u32   type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_tuner_type */
     __vki_u32   index;
     __vki_u32   capability;
     __vki_u32   rangelow;
     __vki_u32   rangehigh;
     __vki_u32   modulation;
     __vki_u32   reserved[9];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_hw_freq_seek {
     __vki_u32   tuner;
     __vki_u32   type;   /* enum vki_v4l2_tuner_type */
     __vki_u32   seek_upward;
     __vki_u32   wrap_around;
     __vki_u32   spacing;
     __vki_u32   rangelow;
     __vki_u32   rangehigh;
     __vki_u32   reserved[5];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_audio {
     __vki_u32   index;
     __vki_u8    name[32];
     __vki_u32   capability;
     __vki_u32   mode;
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_audioout {
     __vki_u32   index;
     __vki_u8    name[32];
     __vki_u32   capability;
     __vki_u32   mode;
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_enc_idx_entry {
     __vki_u64 offset;
     __vki_u64 pts;
     __vki_u32 length;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
 };
 
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES (64)
 struct vki_v4l2_enc_idx {
     __vki_u32 entries;
     __vki_u32 entries_cap;
     __vki_u32 reserved[4];
     struct vki_v4l2_enc_idx_entry entry[VKI_V4L2_ENC_IDX_ENTRIES];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_encoder_cmd {
     __vki_u32 cmd;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     union {
         struct {
             __vki_u32 data[8];
         } raw;
     };
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_decoder_cmd {
     __vki_u32 cmd;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     union {
         struct {
             __vki_u64 pts;
         } stop;
 
         struct {
             __vki_s32 speed;
             __vki_u32 format;
         } start;
 
         struct {
             __vki_u32 data[16];
         } raw;
     };
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_vbi_format {
     __vki_u32   sampling_rate;      /* in 1 Hz */
     __vki_u32   offset;
     __vki_u32   samples_per_line;
     __vki_u32   sample_format;      /* VKI_V4L2_PIX_FMT_* */
     __vki_s32   start[2];
     __vki_u32   count[2];
     __vki_u32   flags;          /* VKI_V4L2_VBI_* */
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];        /* must be zero */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_sliced_vbi_format {
     __vki_u16   service_set;
     __vki_u16   service_lines[2][24];
     __vki_u32   io_size;
     __vki_u32   reserved[2];            /* must be zero */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap {
     __vki_u16   service_set;
     __vki_u16   service_lines[2][24];
     __vki_u32   type;       /* enum vki_v4l2_buf_type */
     __vki_u32   reserved[3];    /* must be 0 */
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_sliced_vbi_data {
     __vki_u32   id;
     __vki_u32   field;          /* 0: first field, 1: second field */
     __vki_u32   line;           /* 1-23 */
     __vki_u32   reserved;       /* must be 0 */
     __vki_u8    data[48];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_plane_pix_format {
     __vki_u32       sizeimage;
     __vki_u32       bytesperline;
     __vki_u16       reserved[6];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 #define VKI_VIDEO_MAX_PLANES               8
 
 struct vki_v4l2_pix_format_mplane {
     __vki_u32               width;
     __vki_u32               height;
     __vki_u32               pixelformat;
     __vki_u32               field;
     __vki_u32               colorspace;
 
     struct vki_v4l2_plane_pix_format    plane_fmt[VKI_VIDEO_MAX_PLANES];
     __vki_u8                num_planes;
     __vki_u8                flags;
     __vki_u8                ycbcr_enc;
     __vki_u8                quantization;
     __vki_u8                reserved[8];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_sdr_format {
     __vki_u32               pixelformat;
     __vki_u32               buffersize;
     __vki_u8                reserved[24];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 enum vki_v4l2_buf_type {
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE        = 1,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT         = 2,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY        = 3,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE          = 4,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT           = 5,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE   = 6,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT    = 7,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY = 8,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE = 9,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE  = 10,
     VKI_V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SDR_CAPTURE          = 11,
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_format {
     __vki_u32    type;
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_pix_format      pix;
         struct vki_v4l2_pix_format_mplane   pix_mp;
         struct vki_v4l2_window      win;
         struct vki_v4l2_vbi_format      vbi;
         struct vki_v4l2_sliced_vbi_format   sliced;
         struct vki_v4l2_sdr_format      sdr;
         __vki_u8    raw_data[200];
     } fmt;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_streamparm {
     __vki_u32    type;
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_captureparm capture;
         struct vki_v4l2_outputparm  output;
         __vki_u8    raw_data[200];  /* user-defined */
     } parm;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_vsync {
     __vki_u8 field;
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_ctrl {
     __vki_u32 changes;
     __vki_u32 type;
     union {
         __vki_s32 value;
         __vki_s64 value64;
     };
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_s32 minimum;
     __vki_s32 maximum;
     __vki_s32 step;
     __vki_s32 default_value;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_frame_sync {
     __vki_u32 frame_sequence;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_src_change {
     __vki_u32 changes;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_motion_det {
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 frame_sequence;
     __vki_u32 region_mask;
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event {
     __vki_u32               type;
     union {
         struct vki_v4l2_event_vsync     vsync;
         struct vki_v4l2_event_ctrl      ctrl;
         struct vki_v4l2_event_frame_sync    frame_sync;
         struct vki_v4l2_event_src_change    src_change;
         struct vki_v4l2_event_motion_det    motion_det;
         __vki_u8                data[64];
     } u;
     __vki_u32               pending;
     __vki_u32               sequence;
     struct vki_timespec         timestamp;
     __vki_u32               id;
     __vki_u32               reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_event_subscription {
     __vki_u32               type;
     __vki_u32               id;
     __vki_u32               flags;
     __vki_u32               reserved[5];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_dbg_match {
     __vki_u32 type; /* Match type */
     union {     /* Match this chip, meaning determined by type */
         __vki_u32 addr;
         char name[32];
     };
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_dbg_register {
     struct vki_v4l2_dbg_match match;
     __vki_u32 size; /* register size in bytes */
     __vki_u64 reg;
     __vki_u64 val;
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_dbg_chip_info {
     struct vki_v4l2_dbg_match match;
     char name[32];
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 reserved[32];
 } __attribute__ ((packed));
 
 struct vki_v4l2_create_buffers {
     __vki_u32           index;
     __vki_u32           count;
     __vki_u32           memory;
     struct vki_v4l2_format  format;
     __vki_u32           reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_edid {
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 start_block;
     __vki_u32 blocks;
     __vki_u32 reserved[5];
     __vki_u8  *edid;
 };
 
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERYCAP       _VKI_IOR('V',  0, struct vki_v4l2_capability)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUM_FMT       _VKI_IOWR('V',  2, struct vki_v4l2_fmtdesc)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_FMT          _VKI_IOWR('V',  4, struct vki_v4l2_format)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_FMT          _VKI_IOWR('V',  5, struct vki_v4l2_format)
 #define VKI_V4L2_REQBUFS        _VKI_IOWR('V',  8, struct vki_v4l2_requestbuffers)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERYBUF       _VKI_IOWR('V',  9, struct vki_v4l2_buffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_FBUF         _VKI_IOR('V', 10, struct vki_v4l2_framebuffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_FBUF         _VKI_IOW('V', 11, struct vki_v4l2_framebuffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_OVERLAY        _VKI_IOW('V', 14, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QBUF           _VKI_IOWR('V', 15, struct vki_v4l2_buffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_EXPBUF         _VKI_IOWR('V', 16, struct vki_v4l2_exportbuffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DQBUF          _VKI_IOWR('V', 17, struct vki_v4l2_buffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_STREAMON       _VKI_IOW('V', 18, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_STREAMOFF      _VKI_IOW('V', 19, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_PARM         _VKI_IOWR('V', 21, struct vki_v4l2_streamparm)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_PARM         _VKI_IOWR('V', 22, struct vki_v4l2_streamparm)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_STD          _VKI_IOR('V', 23, vki_v4l2_std_id)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_STD          _VKI_IOW('V', 24, vki_v4l2_std_id)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUMSTD        _VKI_IOWR('V', 25, struct vki_v4l2_standard)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUMINPUT      _VKI_IOWR('V', 26, struct vki_v4l2_input)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_CTRL         _VKI_IOWR('V', 27, struct vki_v4l2_control)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_CTRL         _VKI_IOWR('V', 28, struct vki_v4l2_control)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_TUNER        _VKI_IOWR('V', 29, struct vki_v4l2_tuner)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_TUNER        _VKI_IOW('V', 30, struct vki_v4l2_tuner)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_AUDIO        _VKI_IOR('V', 33, struct vki_v4l2_audio)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_AUDIO        _VKI_IOW('V', 34, struct vki_v4l2_audio)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERYCTRL      _VKI_IOWR('V', 36, struct vki_v4l2_queryctrl)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERYMENU      _VKI_IOWR('V', 37, struct vki_v4l2_querymenu)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_INPUT        _VKI_IOR('V', 38, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_INPUT        _VKI_IOWR('V', 39, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_EDID         _VKI_IOWR('V', 40, struct vki_v4l2_edid)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_EDID         _VKI_IOWR('V', 41, struct vki_v4l2_edid)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_OUTPUT       _VKI_IOR('V', 46, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_OUTPUT       _VKI_IOWR('V', 47, int)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUMOUTPUT     _VKI_IOWR('V', 48, struct vki_v4l2_output)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_AUDOUT       _VKI_IOR('V', 49, struct vki_v4l2_audioout)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_AUDOUT       _VKI_IOW('V', 50, struct vki_v4l2_audioout)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_MODULATOR        _VKI_IOWR('V', 54, struct vki_v4l2_modulator)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_MODULATOR        _VKI_IOW('V', 55, struct vki_v4l2_modulator)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_FREQUENCY        _VKI_IOWR('V', 56, struct vki_v4l2_frequency)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_FREQUENCY        _VKI_IOW('V', 57, struct vki_v4l2_frequency)
 #define VKI_V4L2_CROPCAP        _VKI_IOWR('V', 58, struct vki_v4l2_cropcap)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_CROP         _VKI_IOWR('V', 59, struct vki_v4l2_crop)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_CROP         _VKI_IOW('V', 60, struct vki_v4l2_crop)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_JPEGCOMP     _VKI_IOR('V', 61, struct vki_v4l2_jpegcompression)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_JPEGCOMP     _VKI_IOW('V', 62, struct vki_v4l2_jpegcompression)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERYSTD           _VKI_IOR('V', 63, vki_v4l2_std_id)
 #define VKI_V4L2_TRY_FMT            _VKI_IOWR('V', 64, struct vki_v4l2_format)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUMAUDIO      _VKI_IOWR('V', 65, struct vki_v4l2_audio)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUMAUDOUT     _VKI_IOWR('V', 66, struct vki_v4l2_audioout)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_PRIORITY     _VKI_IOR('V', 67, __vki_u32)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_PRIORITY     _VKI_IOW('V', 68, __vki_u32)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP   _VKI_IOWR('V', 69, struct vki_v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap)
 #define VKI_V4L2_LOG_STATUS         _VKI_IO('V', 70)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_EXT_CTRLS        _VKI_IOWR('V', 71, struct vki_v4l2_ext_controls)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_EXT_CTRLS        _VKI_IOWR('V', 72, struct vki_v4l2_ext_controls)
 #define VKI_V4L2_TRY_EXT_CTRLS      _VKI_IOWR('V', 73, struct vki_v4l2_ext_controls)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUM_FRAMESIZES    _VKI_IOWR('V', 74, struct vki_v4l2_frmsizeenum)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS    _VKI_IOWR('V', 75, struct vki_v4l2_frmivalenum)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_ENC_INDEX        _VKI_IOR('V', 76, struct vki_v4l2_enc_idx)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENCODER_CMD        _VKI_IOWR('V', 77, struct vki_v4l2_encoder_cmd)
 #define VKI_V4L2_TRY_ENCODER_CMD    _VKI_IOWR('V', 78, struct vki_v4l2_encoder_cmd)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DBG_S_REGISTER     _VKI_IOW('V', 79, struct vki_v4l2_dbg_register)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DBG_G_REGISTER     _VKI_IOWR('V', 80, struct vki_v4l2_dbg_register)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK     _VKI_IOW('V', 82, struct vki_v4l2_hw_freq_seek)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_DV_TIMINGS       _VKI_IOWR('V', 87, struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_DV_TIMINGS       _VKI_IOWR('V', 88, struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DQEVENT        _VKI_IOR('V', 89, struct vki_v4l2_event)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBSCRIBE_EVENT    _VKI_IOW('V', 90, struct vki_v4l2_event_subscription)
 #define VKI_V4L2_UNSUBSCRIBE_EVENT  _VKI_IOW('V', 91, struct vki_v4l2_event_subscription)
 #define VKI_V4L2_CREATE_BUFS        _VKI_IOWR('V', 92, struct vki_v4l2_create_buffers)
 #define VKI_V4L2_PREPARE_BUF        _VKI_IOWR('V', 93, struct vki_v4l2_buffer)
 #define VKI_V4L2_G_SELECTION        _VKI_IOWR('V', 94, struct vki_v4l2_selection)
 #define VKI_V4L2_S_SELECTION        _VKI_IOWR('V', 95, struct vki_v4l2_selection)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DECODER_CMD        _VKI_IOWR('V', 96, struct vki_v4l2_decoder_cmd)
 #define VKI_V4L2_TRY_DECODER_CMD    _VKI_IOWR('V', 97, struct vki_v4l2_decoder_cmd)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS    _VKI_IOWR('V', 98, struct vki_v4l2_enum_dv_timings)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS   _VKI_IOR('V', 99, struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DV_TIMINGS_CAP     _VKI_IOWR('V', 100, struct vki_v4l2_dv_timings_cap)
 #define VKI_V4L2_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS    _VKI_IOWR('V', 101, struct vki_v4l2_frequency_band)
 #define VKI_V4L2_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO    _VKI_IOWR('V', 102, struct vki_v4l2_dbg_chip_info)
 #define VKI_V4L2_QUERY_EXT_CTRL     _VKI_IOWR('V', 103, struct vki_v4l2_query_ext_ctrl)
 
 struct vki_v4l2_mbus_framefmt {
     __vki_u32           width;
     __vki_u32           height;
     __vki_u32           code;
     __vki_u32           field;
     __vki_u32           colorspace;
     __vki_u16           ycbcr_enc;
     __vki_u16           quantization;
     __vki_u32           reserved[6];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_format {
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     struct vki_v4l2_mbus_framefmt format;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_crop {
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     struct vki_v4l2_rect rect;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum {
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 index;
     __vki_u32 code;
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum {
     __vki_u32 index;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 code;
     __vki_u32 min_width;
     __vki_u32 max_width;
     __vki_u32 min_height;
     __vki_u32 max_height;
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_interval {
     __vki_u32 pad;
     struct vki_v4l2_fract interval;
     __vki_u32 reserved[9];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum {
     __vki_u32 index;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 code;
     __vki_u32 width;
     __vki_u32 height;
     struct vki_v4l2_fract interval;
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 struct vki_v4l2_subdev_selection {
     __vki_u32 which;
     __vki_u32 pad;
     __vki_u32 target;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     struct vki_v4l2_rect r;
     __vki_u32 reserved[8];
 };
 
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_G_FMT           _VKI_IOWR('V',  4, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_format)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_S_FMT           _VKI_IOWR('V',  5, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_format)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_G_FRAME_INTERVAL    _VKI_IOWR('V', 21, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_interval)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_S_FRAME_INTERVAL    _VKI_IOWR('V', 22, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_interval)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE      _VKI_IOWR('V',  2, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE     _VKI_IOWR('V', 74, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL _VKI_IOWR('V', 75, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_G_CROP          _VKI_IOWR('V', 59, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_crop)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_S_CROP          _VKI_IOWR('V', 60, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_crop)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION     _VKI_IOWR('V', 61, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_selection)
 #define VKI_V4L2_SUBDEV_S_SELECTION     _VKI_IOWR('V', 62, struct vki_v4l2_subdev_selection)
 
 struct vki_media_device_info {
     char driver[16];
     char model[32];
     char serial[40];
     char bus_info[32];
     __vki_u32 media_version;
     __vki_u32 hw_revision;
     __vki_u32 driver_version;
     __vki_u32 reserved[31];
 };
 
 struct vki_media_entity_desc {
     __vki_u32 id;
     char name[32];
     __vki_u32 type;
     __vki_u32 revision;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 group_id;
     __vki_u16 pads;
     __vki_u16 links;
 
     __vki_u32 reserved[4];
 
     union {
         /* Node specifications */
         struct {
             __vki_u32 major;
             __vki_u32 minor;
         } v4l;
         struct {
             __vki_u32 major;
             __vki_u32 minor;
         } fb;
         struct {
             __vki_u32 card;
             __vki_u32 device;
             __vki_u32 subdevice;
         } alsa;
         int dvb;
 
         /* Sub-device specifications */
         /* Nothing needed yet */
         __vki_u8 raw[184];
     };
 };
 
 struct vki_media_pad_desc {
     __vki_u32 entity;       /* entity ID */
     __vki_u16 index;        /* pad index */
     __vki_u32 flags;        /* pad flags */
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_media_link_desc {
     struct vki_media_pad_desc source;
     struct vki_media_pad_desc sink;
     __vki_u32 flags;
     __vki_u32 reserved[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_media_links_enum {
     __vki_u32 entity;
     struct vki_media_pad_desc __user *pads;
     struct vki_media_link_desc __user *links;
     __vki_u32 reserved[4];
 };
 
 #define VKI_MEDIA_IOC_DEVICE_INFO       _VKI_IOWR('|', 0x00, struct vki_media_device_info)
 #define VKI_MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_ENTITIES     _VKI_IOWR('|', 0x01, struct vki_media_entity_desc)
 #define VKI_MEDIA_IOC_ENUM_LINKS        _VKI_IOWR('|', 0x02, struct vki_media_links_enum)
 #define VKI_MEDIA_IOC_SETUP_LINK        _VKI_IOWR('|', 0x03, struct vki_media_link_desc)
 
 /* DVB demux API */
 #define VKI_DMX_STOP    _VKI_IO('o', 42)
 
 /* Comparison type */
 enum vki_kcmp_type {
    VKI_KCMP_FILE,
    VKI_KCMP_VM,
    VKI_KCMP_FILES,
    VKI_KCMP_FS,
    VKI_KCMP_SIGHAND,
    VKI_KCMP_IO,
    VKI_KCMP_SYSVSEM,
 
    VKI_KCMP_TYPES
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.19-rc5/include/uapi/linux/seccomp.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER 2
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.19.3/include/uapi/linux/binfmts.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 #define VKI_BINPRM_BUF_SIZE 128
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.19.0/include/linux/serial.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_serial_struct {
     int type;
     int line;
     unsigned int    port;
     int irq;
     int flags;
     int xmit_fifo_size;
     int custom_divisor;
     int baud_base;
     unsigned short  close_delay;
     char    io_type;
     char    reserved_char[1];
     int hub6;
     unsigned short  closing_wait; /* time to wait before closing */
     unsigned short  closing_wait2; /* no longer used... */
     unsigned char   *iomem_base;
     unsigned short  iomem_reg_shift;
     unsigned int    port_high;
     unsigned long   iomap_base; /* cookie passed into ioremap */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-3.19.0/fs/binfmt_elf.c
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #if !defined(VKI_INIT_ARCH_ELF_STATE)
    /* This structure is used to preserve architecture specific data during
       the loading of an ELF file, throughout the checking of architecture
       specific ELF headers & through to the point where the ELF load is
       known to be proceeding. This implementation is a dummy for
       architectures which require no specific state. */
    struct vki_arch_elf_state {
    };
 
 #  define VKI_INIT_ARCH_ELF_STATE { }
 
 #endif
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-4.0/include/uapi/linux/prctl.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_PR_SET_FP_MODE          45
 #define VKI_PR_GET_FP_MODE          46
 # define VKI_PR_FP_MODE_FR          (1 << 0)     /* 64b FP registers  */
 # define VKI_PR_FP_MODE_FRE         (1 << 1)     /* 32b compatibility */
 
 #endif // __VKI_LINUX_H
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-4.10/include/uapi/linux/blkzoned.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_blk_zone {
     __vki_u64   start;
     __vki_u64   len;
     __vki_u64   wp;
     __vki_u8    type;
     __vki_u8    cond;
     __vki_u8    non_seq;
     __vki_u8    reset;
     __vki_u8    reserved[36];
 };
 
 struct vki_blk_zone_report {
     __vki_u64       sector;
     __vki_u32       nr_zones;
     __vki_u8        reserved[4];
     struct vki_blk_zone zones[0];
 };
 
 struct vki_blk_zone_range {
     __vki_u64       sector;
     __vki_u64       nr_sectors;
 };
 
 #define VKI_BLKREPORTZONE   _VKI_IOWR(0x12, 130, struct vki_blk_zone_report)
 #define VKI_BLKRESETZONE    _VKI_IOW(0x12, 131, struct vki_blk_zone_range)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-4.18/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_bpf_insn {
     __vki_u8    code;       /* opcode */
     __vki_u8    dst_reg:4;  /* dest register */
     __vki_u8    src_reg:4;  /* source register */
     __vki_s16   off;        /* signed offset */
     __vki_s32   imm;        /* signed immediate constant */
 };
 
 enum vki_bpf_cmd {
     VKI_BPF_MAP_CREATE,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_LOAD,
     VKI_BPF_OBJ_PIN,
     VKI_BPF_OBJ_GET,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_ATTACH,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_DETACH,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_GET_NEXT_ID,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_ID,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID,
     VKI_BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_QUERY,
     VKI_BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN,
     VKI_BPF_BTF_LOAD,
     VKI_BPF_BTF_GET_FD_BY_ID,
     VKI_BPF_TASK_FD_QUERY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_AND_DELETE_ELEM,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_FREEZE,
 };
 
 enum vki_bpf_map_type {
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_HASH,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP,
     VKI_BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH,
 };
 
 enum vki_bpf_prog_type {
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_SEG6LOCAL,
     VKI_BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2,
 };
 
 enum vki_bpf_attach_type {
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_SOCK_OPS,
     VKI_BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER,
     VKI_BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_DEVICE,
     VKI_BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET4_POST_BIND,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_INET6_POST_BIND,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_UDP4_SENDMSG,
     VKI_BPF_CGROUP_UDP6_SENDMSG,
     VKI_BPF_LIRC_MODE2,
     __VKI_MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE
 };
 
 /* Specify numa node during map creation */
 #define VKI_BPF_F_NUMA_NODE     (1U << 2)
 
 #define VKI_BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN 16U
 
 union vki_bpf_attr {
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_CREATE command */
         __vki_u32   map_type;   /* one of enum bpf_map_type */
         __vki_u32   key_size;   /* size of key in bytes */
         __vki_u32   value_size; /* size of value in bytes */
         __vki_u32   max_entries;    /* max number of entries in a map */
         __vki_u32   map_flags;  /* BPF_MAP_CREATE related
                      * flags defined above.
                      */
         __vki_u32   inner_map_fd;   /* fd pointing to the inner map */
         __vki_u32   numa_node;  /* numa node (effective only if
                      * BPF_F_NUMA_NODE is set).
                      */
         char    map_name[VKI_BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
         __vki_u32   map_ifindex;    /* ifindex of netdev to create on */
         __vki_u32   btf_fd;     /* fd pointing to a BTF type data */
         __vki_u32   btf_key_type_id;    /* BTF type_id of the key */
         __vki_u32   btf_value_type_id;  /* BTF type_id of the value */
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM commands */
         __vki_u32       map_fd;
         __vki_aligned_u64   key;
         union {
             __vki_aligned_u64 value;
             __vki_aligned_u64 next_key;
         };
         __vki_u64       flags;
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_LOAD command */
         __vki_u32       prog_type;  /* one of enum bpf_prog_type */
         __vki_u32       insn_cnt;
         __vki_aligned_u64   insns;
         __vki_aligned_u64   license;
         __vki_u32       log_level;  /* verbosity level of verifier */
         __vki_u32       log_size;   /* size of user buffer */
         __vki_aligned_u64   log_buf;    /* user supplied buffer */
         __vki_u32       kern_version;   /* checked when prog_type=kprobe */
         __vki_u32       prog_flags;
         char        prog_name[VKI_BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
         __vki_u32       prog_ifindex;   /* ifindex of netdev to prep for */
         /* For some prog types expected attach type must be known at
          * load time to verify attach type specific parts of prog
          * (context accesses, allowed helpers, etc).
          */
         __vki_u32       expected_attach_type;
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_OBJ_* commands */
         __vki_aligned_u64   pathname;
         __vki_u32       bpf_fd;
         __vki_u32       file_flags;
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_ATTACH/DETACH commands */
         __vki_u32       target_fd;  /* container object to attach to */
         __vki_u32       attach_bpf_fd;  /* eBPF program to attach */
         __vki_u32       attach_type;
         __vki_u32       attach_flags;
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN command */
         __vki_u32       prog_fd;
         __vki_u32       retval;
         __vki_u32       data_size_in;
         __vki_u32       data_size_out;
         __vki_aligned_u64   data_in;
         __vki_aligned_u64   data_out;
         __vki_u32       repeat;
         __vki_u32       duration;
     } test;
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_*_GET_*_ID */
         union {
             __vki_u32       start_id;
             __vki_u32       prog_id;
             __vki_u32       map_id;
             __vki_u32       btf_id;
         };
         __vki_u32       next_id;
         __vki_u32       open_flags;
     };
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD */
         __vki_u32       bpf_fd;
         __vki_u32       info_len;
         __vki_aligned_u64   info;
     } info;
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_PROG_QUERY command */
         __vki_u32       target_fd;  /* container object to query */
         __vki_u32       attach_type;
         __vki_u32       query_flags;
         __vki_u32       attach_flags;
         __vki_aligned_u64   prog_ids;
         __vki_u32       prog_cnt;
     } query;
 
     struct {
         __vki_u64 name;
         __vki_u32 prog_fd;
     } raw_tracepoint;
 
     struct { /* anonymous struct for BPF_BTF_LOAD */
         __vki_aligned_u64   btf;
         __vki_aligned_u64   btf_log_buf;
         __vki_u32       btf_size;
         __vki_u32       btf_log_size;
         __vki_u32       btf_log_level;
     };
 
     struct {
         __vki_u32       pid;        /* input: pid */
         __vki_u32       fd;     /* input: fd */
         __vki_u32       flags;      /* input: flags */
         __vki_u32       buf_len;    /* input/output: buf len */
         __vki_aligned_u64   buf;        /* input/output:
                          *   tp_name for tracepoint
                          *   symbol for kprobe
                          *   filename for uprobe
                          */
         __vki_u32       prog_id;    /* output: prod_id */
         __vki_u32       fd_type;    /* output: BPF_FD_TYPE_* */
         __vki_u64       probe_offset;   /* output: probe_offset */
         __vki_u64       probe_addr; /* output: probe_addr */
     } task_fd_query;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 #define VKI_XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM 256
 
 #define VKI_BPF_TAG_SIZE    8
 
 struct vki_bpf_prog_info {
     __vki_u32 type;
     __vki_u32 id;
     __vki_u8  tag[VKI_BPF_TAG_SIZE];
     __vki_u32 jited_prog_len;
     __vki_u32 xlated_prog_len;
     __vki_aligned_u64 jited_prog_insns;
     __vki_aligned_u64 xlated_prog_insns;
     __vki_u64 load_time;    /* ns since boottime */
     __vki_u32 created_by_uid;
     __vki_u32 nr_map_ids;
     __vki_aligned_u64 map_ids;
     char name[VKI_BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
     __vki_u32 ifindex;
     __vki_u32 gpl_compatible:1;
     __vki_u64 netns_dev;
     __vki_u64 netns_ino;
     __vki_u32 nr_jited_ksyms;
     __vki_u32 nr_jited_func_lens;
     __vki_aligned_u64 jited_ksyms;
     __vki_aligned_u64 jited_func_lens;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 struct vki_bpf_map_info {
     __vki_u32 type;
     __vki_u32 id;
     __vki_u32 key_size;
     __vki_u32 value_size;
     __vki_u32 max_entries;
     __vki_u32 map_flags;
     char  name[VKI_BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN];
     __vki_u32 ifindex;
     __vki_u32 :32;
     __vki_u64 netns_dev;
     __vki_u64 netns_ino;
     __vki_u32 btf_id;
     __vki_u32 btf_key_type_id;
     __vki_u32 btf_value_type_id;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 struct vki_bpf_btf_info {
     __vki_aligned_u64 btf;
     __vki_u32 btf_size;
     __vki_u32 id;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-5.1/include/uapi/linux/pps.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_pps_ktime {
     __vki_s64 sec;
     __vki_s32 nsec;
     __vki_u32 flags;
 };
 
 struct vki_pps_kinfo {
     __vki_u32 assert_sequence;
     __vki_u32 clear_sequence;
     struct vki_pps_ktime assert_tu;
     struct vki_pps_ktime clear_tu;
     int current_mode;
 };
 
 struct vki_pps_kparams {
     int api_version;
     int mode;
     struct vki_pps_ktime assert_off_tu;
     struct vki_pps_ktime clear_off_tu;
 };
 
 struct vki_pps_fdata {
     struct vki_pps_kinfo info;
     struct vki_pps_ktime timeout;
 };
 
 struct vki_pps_bind_args {
     int tsformat;
     int edge;
     int consumer;
 };
 
 #define VKI_PPS_GETPARAMS   _VKI_IOR('p', 0xa1, struct vki_pps_kparams *)
 #define VKI_PPS_SETPARAMS   _VKI_IOW('p', 0xa2, struct vki_pps_kparams *)
 #define VKI_PPS_GETCAP      _VKI_IOR('p', 0xa3, int *)
 #define VKI_PPS_FETCH       _VKI_IOWR('p', 0xa4, struct vki_pps_fdata *)
 #define VKI_PPS_KC_BIND     _VKI_IOW('p', 0xa5, struct vki_pps_bind_args *)
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux-5.1/include/uapi/linux/ptp_clock.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_ptp_clock_time {
     __vki_s64 sec;
     __vki_u32 nsec;
     __vki_u32 reserved;
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_clock_caps {
     int max_adj;
     int n_alarm;
     int n_ext_ts;
     int n_per_out;
     int pps;
     int n_pins;
     int cross_timestamping;
     int rsv[13];
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_extts_request {
     unsigned int index;
     unsigned int flags;
     unsigned int rsv[2];
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_perout_request {
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time start;
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time period;
     unsigned int index;
     unsigned int flags;
     unsigned int rsv[4];
 };
 
 #define VKI_PTP_MAX_SAMPLES 25
 
 struct vki_ptp_sys_offset {
     unsigned int n_samples;
     unsigned int rsv[3];
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time ts[2 * VKI_PTP_MAX_SAMPLES + 1];
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_sys_offset_extended {
     unsigned int n_samples;
     unsigned int rsv[3];
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time ts[VKI_PTP_MAX_SAMPLES][3];
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_sys_offset_precise {
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time device;
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time sys_realtime;
     struct vki_ptp_clock_time sys_monoraw;
     unsigned int rsv[4];
 };
 
 struct vki_ptp_pin_desc {
     char name[64];
     unsigned int index;
     unsigned int func;
     unsigned int chan;
     unsigned int rsv[5];
 };
 
 #define VKI_PTP_CLOCK_GETCAPS  _VKI_IOR('=', 1, struct vki_ptp_clock_caps)
 #define VKI_PTP_EXTTS_REQUEST  _VKI_IOW('=', 2, struct vki_ptp_extts_request)
 #define VKI_PTP_PEROUT_REQUEST _VKI_IOW('=', 3, struct vki_ptp_perout_request)
 #define VKI_PTP_ENABLE_PPS     _VKI_IOW('=', 4, int)
 #define VKI_PTP_SYS_OFFSET     _VKI_IOW('=', 5, struct vki_ptp_sys_offset)
 #define VKI_PTP_PIN_GETFUNC    _VKI_IOWR('=', 6, struct vki_ptp_pin_desc)
 #define VKI_PTP_PIN_SETFUNC    _VKI_IOW('=', 7, struct vki_ptp_pin_desc)
 #define VKI_PTP_SYS_OFFSET_PRECISE \
     _VKI_IOWR('=', 8, struct vki_ptp_sys_offset_precise)
 #define VKI_PTP_SYS_OFFSET_EXTENDED \
     _VKI_IOWR('=', 9, struct vki_ptp_sys_offset_extended)
 
 /* Needed for 64bit time_t on 32bit arches.  */
 
 typedef vki_int64_t vki_time64_t;
 
 /* Note that this is the padding used by glibc, the kernel uses
    a 64-bit signed int, but is ignoring the upper 32 bits of the
    tv_nsec field.  It does always write the full struct though.
    So this is only needed for PRE_MEM_READ. See pre_read_timespec64. */
 struct vki_timespec64 {
    vki_time64_t tv_sec;
 #if defined(VKI_BIG_ENDIAN)
    vki_int32_t tv_pad;
    vki_int32_t tv_nsec;
 #elif defined(VKI_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
    vki_int32_t tv_nsec;
    vki_int32_t tv_pad;
 #else
 #error edit for your odd byteorder.
 #endif
 };
 
 struct vki_itimerspec64 {
    struct vki_timespec it_interval;
    struct vki_timespec it_value;
 };
 
 /* From include/linux/openat2.h */
 
 struct vki_open_how {
     vki_uint64_t vki_flags;
     vki_uint64_t vki_mode;
     vki_uint64_t vki_resolve;
 };
 
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_NO_XDEV     0x01
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_NO_MAGICLINKS   0x02
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_NO_SYMLINKS 0x04
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_BENEATH     0x08
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_IN_ROOT     0x10
 #define VKI_RESOLVE_CACHED      0x20
 
 #ifndef VKI_RLIM_INFINITY
 #define VKI_RLIM_INFINITY (~0UL)
 #endif
 
 #define VKI_RLIM64_INFINITY (~0ULL)
 
 #define VKI_CLOSE_RANGE_UNSHARE (1U << 1)
 #define VKI_CLOSE_RANGE_CLOEXEC (1U << 2)
 
 struct vki_cachestat_range {
     __vki_u64 off;
     __vki_u64 len;
 };
 
 struct vki_cachestat {
     __vki_u64 nr_cache;
     __vki_u64 nr_dirty;
     __vki_u64 nr_writeback;
     __vki_u64 nr_evicted;
     __vki_u64 nr_recently_evicted;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From linux/magic.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_BTRFS_SUPER_MAGIC    0x9123683E
 
 struct vki__aio_sigset {
    const vki_sigset_t __user    *sigmask;
    vki_size_t       sigsetsize;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From uapi/linux/mount.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_mnt_id_req {
    __vki_u32 size;
    __vki_u32 spare;
    __vki_u64 mnt_id;
    __vki_u64 param;
    __vki_u64 mnt_ns_id;
 };
 
 struct vki_statmount {
     __vki_u32 size;     /* Total size, including strings */
     __vki_u32 mnt_opts;     /* [str] Mount options of the mount */
     __vki_u64 mask;     /* What results were written */
     __vki_u32 sb_dev_major; /* Device ID */
     __vki_u32 sb_dev_minor;
     __vki_u64 sb_magic;     /* ..._SUPER_MAGIC */
     __vki_u32 sb_flags;     /* SB_{RDONLY,SYNCHRONOUS,DIRSYNC,LAZYTIME} */
     __vki_u32 fs_type;      /* [str] Filesystem type */
     __vki_u64 mnt_id;       /* Unique ID of mount */
     __vki_u64 mnt_parent_id;    /* Unique ID of parent (for root == mnt_id) */
     __vki_u32 mnt_id_old;   /* Reused IDs used in proc/.../mountinfo */
     __vki_u32 mnt_parent_id_old;
     __vki_u64 mnt_attr;     /* MOUNT_ATTR_... */
     __vki_u64 mnt_propagation;  /* MS_{SHARED,SLAVE,PRIVATE,UNBINDABLE} */
     __vki_u64 mnt_peer_group;   /* ID of shared peer group */
     __vki_u64 mnt_master;   /* Mount receives propagation from this ID */
     __vki_u64 propagate_from;   /* Propagation from in current namespace */
     __vki_u32 mnt_root;     /* [str] Root of mount relative to root of fs */
     __vki_u32 mnt_point;    /* [str] Mountpoint relative to current root */
     __vki_u64 mnt_ns_id;    /* ID of the mount namespace */
     __vki_u64 __spare2[49];
     char str[];     /* Variable size part containing strings */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From uapi/linux/fs.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_file_attr {
     __vki_u64 fa_xflags;    /* xflags field value (get/set) */
     __vki_u32 fa_extsize;   /* extsize field value (get/set)*/
     __vki_u32 fa_nextents;  /* nextents field value (get)   */
     __vki_u32 fa_projid;    /* project identifier (get/set) */
     __vki_u32 fa_cowextsize;    /* CoW extsize field value (get/set) */
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From uapi/linux/mount.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #define VKI_SUBCMDMASK  0x00ff
 #define VKI_SUBCMDSHIFT 8
 
 #define VKI_Q_SYNC     0x800001 /* sync disk copy of a filesystems quotas */
 #define VKI_Q_QUOTAON  0x800002 /* turn quotas on */
 #define VKI_Q_QUOTAOFF 0x800003 /* turn quotas off */
 #define VKI_Q_GETFMT   0x800004 /* get quota format used on given filesystem */
 #define VKI_Q_GETINFO  0x800005 /* get information about quota files */
 #define VKI_Q_SETINFO  0x800006 /* set information about quota files */
 #define VKI_Q_GETQUOTA 0x800007 /* get user quota structure */
 #define VKI_Q_SETQUOTA 0x800008 /* set user quota structure */
 #define VKI_Q_GETNEXTQUOTA 0x800009 /* get disk limits and usage >= ID */
 
 struct vki_dqblk
   {
     __vki_u64 dqb_bhardlimit;   /* absolute limit on disk quota blocks alloc */
     __vki_u64 dqb_bsoftlimit;   /* preferred limit on disk quota blocks */
     __vki_u64 dqb_curspace; /* current quota block count */
     __vki_u64 dqb_ihardlimit;   /* maximum # allocated inodes */
     __vki_u64 dqb_isoftlimit;   /* preferred inode limit */
     __vki_u64 dqb_curinodes;    /* current # allocated inodes */
     __vki_u64 dqb_btime;    /* time limit for excessive disk use */
     __vki_u64 dqb_itime;    /* time limit for excessive files */
     __vki_u32 dqb_valid;    /* bitmask of QIF_* constants */
   };
 
 
 struct vki_nextdqblk {
     __vki_u64 dqb_bhardlimit;
     __vki_u64 dqb_bsoftlimit;
     __vki_u64 dqb_curspace;
     __vki_u64 dqb_ihardlimit;
     __vki_u64 dqb_isoftlimit;
     __vki_u64 dqb_curinodes;
     __vki_u64 dqb_btime;
     __vki_u64 dqb_itime;
     __vki_u32 dqb_valid;
     __vki_u32 dqb_id;
 };
 
 struct vki_dqinfo {
     __vki_u64 dqi_bgrace;
     __vki_u64 dqi_igrace;
     __vki_u32 dqi_flags;    /* DFQ_* */
     __vki_u32 dqi_valid;
 };
 
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 // From uapi/linux/lsm.h
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 struct vki_lsm_ctx {
     __vki_u64 id;
     __vki_u64 flags;
     __vki_u64 len;
     __vki_u64 ctx_len;
     __vki_u8 ctx[]; /* __counted_by(ctx_len); */
 };
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /*--- end                                                          ---*/
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/