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 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2014-2021 Steven G. Johnson, Jiahao Chen, Peter Colberg, Tony Kelman, Scott P. Jones, and other contributors.
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Public Software Group e. V., Berlin, Germany
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
  * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
  * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
  * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
  * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
  * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  *
  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  *
  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
  * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
 
 /**
  * @mainpage
  *
  * utf8proc is a free/open-source (MIT/expat licensed) C library
  * providing Unicode normalization, case-folding, and other operations
  * for strings in the UTF-8 encoding, supporting up-to-date Unicode versions.
  * See the utf8proc home page (http://julialang.org/utf8proc/)
  * for downloads and other information, or the source code on github
  * (https://github.com/JuliaLang/utf8proc).
  *
  * For the utf8proc API documentation, see: @ref utf8proc.h
  *
  * The features of utf8proc include:
  *
  * - Transformation of strings (utf8proc_map()) to:
  *    - decompose (@ref UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE) or compose (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE) Unicode combining characters (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_character)
  *    - canonicalize Unicode compatibility characters (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT)
  *    - strip "ignorable" (@ref UTF8PROC_IGNORE) characters, control characters (@ref UTF8PROC_STRIPCC), or combining characters such as accents (@ref UTF8PROC_STRIPMARK)
  *    - case-folding (@ref UTF8PROC_CASEFOLD)
  * - Unicode normalization: utf8proc_NFD(), utf8proc_NFC(), utf8proc_NFKD(), utf8proc_NFKC()
  * - Detecting grapheme boundaries (utf8proc_grapheme_break() and @ref UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND)
  * - Character-width computation: utf8proc_charwidth()
  * - Classification of characters by Unicode category: utf8proc_category() and utf8proc_category_string()
  * - Encode (utf8proc_encode_char()) and decode (utf8proc_iterate()) Unicode codepoints to/from UTF-8.
  */
 
 /** @file */
 
 #ifndef UTF8PROC_H
 #define UTF8PROC_H
 
 /** @name API version
  *
  * The utf8proc API version MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH, following
  * semantic-versioning rules (http://semver.org) based on API
  * compatibility.
  *
  * This is also returned at runtime by utf8proc_version(); however, the
  * runtime version may append a string like "-dev" to the version number
  * for prerelease versions.
  *
  * @note The shared-library version number in the Makefile
  *       (and CMakeLists.txt, and MANIFEST) may be different,
  *       being based on ABI compatibility rather than API compatibility.
  */
 /** @{ */
 /** The MAJOR version number (increased when backwards API compatibility is broken). */
 #define UTF8PROC_VERSION_MAJOR 2
 /** The MINOR version number (increased when new functionality is added in a backwards-compatible manner). */
 #define UTF8PROC_VERSION_MINOR 10
 /** The PATCH version (increased for fixes that do not change the API). */
 #define UTF8PROC_VERSION_PATCH 0
 /** @} */
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1800
 // MSVC prior to 2013 lacked stdbool.h and stdint.h
 typedef signed char utf8proc_int8_t;
 typedef unsigned char utf8proc_uint8_t;
 typedef short utf8proc_int16_t;
 typedef unsigned short utf8proc_uint16_t;
 typedef int utf8proc_int32_t;
 typedef unsigned int utf8proc_uint32_t;
 #  ifdef _WIN64
 typedef __int64 utf8proc_ssize_t;
 typedef unsigned __int64 utf8proc_size_t;
 #  else
 typedef int utf8proc_ssize_t;
 typedef unsigned int utf8proc_size_t;
 #  endif
 #  ifndef __cplusplus
 // emulate C99 bool
 typedef unsigned char utf8proc_bool;
 #    ifndef __bool_true_false_are_defined
 #      define false 0
 #      define true 1
 #      define __bool_true_false_are_defined 1
 #    endif
 #  else
 typedef bool utf8proc_bool;
 #  endif
 #else
 #  include <stddef.h>
 #  include <stdbool.h>
 #  include <stdint.h>
 typedef int8_t utf8proc_int8_t;
 typedef uint8_t utf8proc_uint8_t;
 typedef int16_t utf8proc_int16_t;
 typedef uint16_t utf8proc_uint16_t;
 typedef int32_t utf8proc_int32_t;
 typedef uint32_t utf8proc_uint32_t;
 typedef size_t utf8proc_size_t;
 typedef ptrdiff_t utf8proc_ssize_t;
 typedef bool utf8proc_bool;
 #endif
 #include <limits.h>
 
 #ifdef UTF8PROC_STATIC
 #  define UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT
 #else
 #  ifdef _WIN32
 #    ifdef UTF8PROC_EXPORTS
 #      define UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
 #    else
 #      define UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
 #    endif
 #  elif __GNUC__ >= 4
 #    define UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
 #  else
 #    define UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT
 #  endif
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 /**
  * Option flags used by several functions in the library.
  */
 typedef enum {
   /** The given UTF-8 input is NULL terminated. */
   UTF8PROC_NULLTERM  = (1<<0),
   /** Unicode Versioning Stability has to be respected. */
   UTF8PROC_STABLE    = (1<<1),
   /** Compatibility decomposition (i.e. formatting information is lost). */
   UTF8PROC_COMPAT    = (1<<2),
   /** Return a result with decomposed characters. */
   UTF8PROC_COMPOSE   = (1<<3),
   /** Return a result with decomposed characters. */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE = (1<<4),
   /** Strip "default ignorable characters" such as SOFT-HYPHEN or ZERO-WIDTH-SPACE. */
   UTF8PROC_IGNORE    = (1<<5),
   /** Return an error, if the input contains unassigned codepoints. */
   UTF8PROC_REJECTNA  = (1<<6),
   /**
    * Indicating that NLF-sequences (LF, CRLF, CR, NEL) are representing a
    * line break, and should be converted to the codepoint for line
    * separation (LS).
    */
   UTF8PROC_NLF2LS    = (1<<7),
   /**
    * Indicating that NLF-sequences are representing a paragraph break, and
    * should be converted to the codepoint for paragraph separation
    * (PS).
    */
   UTF8PROC_NLF2PS    = (1<<8),
   /** Indicating that the meaning of NLF-sequences is unknown. */
   UTF8PROC_NLF2LF    = (UTF8PROC_NLF2LS | UTF8PROC_NLF2PS),
   /** Strips and/or convers control characters.
    *
    * NLF-sequences are transformed into space, except if one of the
    * NLF2LS/PS/LF options is given. HorizontalTab (HT) and FormFeed (FF)
    * are treated as a NLF-sequence in this case.  All other control
    * characters are simply removed.
    */
   UTF8PROC_STRIPCC   = (1<<9),
   /**
    * Performs unicode case folding, to be able to do a case-insensitive
    * string comparison.
    */
   UTF8PROC_CASEFOLD  = (1<<10),
   /**
    * Inserts 0xFF bytes at the beginning of each sequence which is
    * representing a single grapheme cluster (see UAX#29).
    */
   UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND = (1<<11),
   /** Lumps certain characters together.
    *
    * E.g. HYPHEN U+2010 and MINUS U+2212 to ASCII "-". See lump.md for details.
    *
    * If NLF2LF is set, this includes a transformation of paragraph and
    * line separators to ASCII line-feed (LF).
    */
   UTF8PROC_LUMP      = (1<<12),
   /** Strips all character markings.
    *
    * This includes non-spacing, spacing and enclosing (i.e. accents).
    * @note This option works only with @ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE or
    *       @ref UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE
    */
   UTF8PROC_STRIPMARK = (1<<13),
   /**
    * Strip unassigned codepoints.
    */
   UTF8PROC_STRIPNA    = (1<<14),
 } utf8proc_option_t;
 
 /** @name Error codes
  * Error codes being returned by almost all functions.
  */
 /** @{ */
 /** Memory could not be allocated. */
 #define UTF8PROC_ERROR_NOMEM -1
 /** The given string is too long to be processed. */
 #define UTF8PROC_ERROR_OVERFLOW -2
 /** The given string is not a legal UTF-8 string. */
 #define UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDUTF8 -3
 /** The @ref UTF8PROC_REJECTNA flag was set and an unassigned codepoint was found. */
 #define UTF8PROC_ERROR_NOTASSIGNED -4
 /** Invalid options have been used. */
 #define UTF8PROC_ERROR_INVALIDOPTS -5
 /** @} */
 
 /* @name Types */
 
 /** Holds the value of a property. */
 typedef utf8proc_int16_t utf8proc_propval_t;
 
 /** Struct containing information about a codepoint. */
 typedef struct utf8proc_property_struct {
   /**
    * Unicode category.
    * @see utf8proc_category_t.
    */
   utf8proc_propval_t category;
   utf8proc_propval_t combining_class;
   /**
    * Bidirectional class.
    * @see utf8proc_bidi_class_t.
    */
   utf8proc_propval_t bidi_class;
   /**
    * @anchor Decomposition type.
    * @see utf8proc_decomp_type_t.
    */
   utf8proc_propval_t decomp_type;
   utf8proc_uint16_t decomp_seqindex;
   utf8proc_uint16_t casefold_seqindex;
   utf8proc_uint16_t uppercase_seqindex;
   utf8proc_uint16_t lowercase_seqindex;
   utf8proc_uint16_t titlecase_seqindex;
   /**
    * Character combining table.
    *
    * The character combining table is formally indexed by two
    * characters, the first and second character that might form a
    * combining pair. The table entry then contains the combined
    * character. Most character pairs cannot be combined. There are
    * about 1,000 characters that can be the first character in a
    * combining pair, and for most, there are only a handful for
    * possible second characters.
    *
    * The combining table is stored as sparse matrix in the CSR
    * (compressed sparse row) format. That is, it is stored as two
    * arrays, `utf8proc_uint32_t utf8proc_combinations_second[]` and
    * `utf8proc_uint32_t utf8proc_combinations_combined[]`. These
    * contain the second combining characters and the combined
    * character of every combining pair.
    *
    * - `comb_index`: Index into the combining table if this character
    *   is the first character in a combining pair, else 0x3ff
    *
    * - `comb_length`: Number of table entries for this first character
    *
    * - `comb_is_second`: As optimization we also record whether this
    *   character is the second combining character in any pair. If
    *   not, we can skip the table lookup.
    *
    * A table lookup starts from a given character pair. It first
    * checks whether the first character is stored in the table
    * (checking whether the index is 0x3ff) and whether the second
    * index is stored in the table (looking at `comb_is_second`). If
    * so, the `comb_length` table entries will be checked sequentially
    * for a match.
    */
   utf8proc_uint16_t comb_index:10;
   utf8proc_uint16_t comb_length:5;
   utf8proc_uint16_t comb_issecond:1;
   unsigned bidi_mirrored:1;
   unsigned comp_exclusion:1;
   /**
    * Can this codepoint be ignored?
    *
    * Used by utf8proc_decompose_char() when @ref UTF8PROC_IGNORE is
    * passed as an option.
    */
   unsigned ignorable:1;
   unsigned control_boundary:1;
   /** The width of the codepoint. */
   unsigned charwidth:2;
   /** East Asian width class A */
   unsigned ambiguous_width:1;
   unsigned pad:1;
   /**
    * Boundclass.
    * @see utf8proc_boundclass_t.
    */
   unsigned boundclass:6;
   unsigned indic_conjunct_break:2;
 } utf8proc_property_t;
 
 /** Unicode categories. */
 typedef enum {
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CN  = 0, /**< Other, not assigned */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_LU  = 1, /**< Letter, uppercase */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_LL  = 2, /**< Letter, lowercase */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_LT  = 3, /**< Letter, titlecase */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_LM  = 4, /**< Letter, modifier */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_LO  = 5, /**< Letter, other */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_MN  = 6, /**< Mark, nonspacing */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_MC  = 7, /**< Mark, spacing combining */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_ME  = 8, /**< Mark, enclosing */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_ND  = 9, /**< Number, decimal digit */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_NL = 10, /**< Number, letter */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_NO = 11, /**< Number, other */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PC = 12, /**< Punctuation, connector */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PD = 13, /**< Punctuation, dash */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PS = 14, /**< Punctuation, open */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PE = 15, /**< Punctuation, close */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PI = 16, /**< Punctuation, initial quote */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PF = 17, /**< Punctuation, final quote */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_PO = 18, /**< Punctuation, other */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_SM = 19, /**< Symbol, math */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_SC = 20, /**< Symbol, currency */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_SK = 21, /**< Symbol, modifier */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_SO = 22, /**< Symbol, other */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_ZS = 23, /**< Separator, space */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_ZL = 24, /**< Separator, line */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_ZP = 25, /**< Separator, paragraph */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CC = 26, /**< Other, control */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CF = 27, /**< Other, format */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CS = 28, /**< Other, surrogate */
   UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CO = 29, /**< Other, private use */
 } utf8proc_category_t;
 
 /** Bidirectional character classes. */
 typedef enum {
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_L     = 1, /**< Left-to-Right */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_LRE   = 2, /**< Left-to-Right Embedding */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_LRO   = 3, /**< Left-to-Right Override */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_R     = 4, /**< Right-to-Left */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_AL    = 5, /**< Right-to-Left Arabic */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_RLE   = 6, /**< Right-to-Left Embedding */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_RLO   = 7, /**< Right-to-Left Override */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_PDF   = 8, /**< Pop Directional Format */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_EN    = 9, /**< European Number */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_ES   = 10, /**< European Separator */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_ET   = 11, /**< European Number Terminator */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_AN   = 12, /**< Arabic Number */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_CS   = 13, /**< Common Number Separator */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_NSM  = 14, /**< Nonspacing Mark */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_BN   = 15, /**< Boundary Neutral */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_B    = 16, /**< Paragraph Separator */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_S    = 17, /**< Segment Separator */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_WS   = 18, /**< Whitespace */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_ON   = 19, /**< Other Neutrals */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_LRI  = 20, /**< Left-to-Right Isolate */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_RLI  = 21, /**< Right-to-Left Isolate */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_FSI  = 22, /**< First Strong Isolate */
   UTF8PROC_BIDI_CLASS_PDI  = 23, /**< Pop Directional Isolate */
 } utf8proc_bidi_class_t;
 
 /** Decomposition type. */
 typedef enum {
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_FONT      = 1, /**< Font */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_NOBREAK   = 2, /**< Nobreak */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_INITIAL   = 3, /**< Initial */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_MEDIAL    = 4, /**< Medial */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_FINAL     = 5, /**< Final */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_ISOLATED  = 6, /**< Isolated */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_CIRCLE    = 7, /**< Circle */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_SUPER     = 8, /**< Super */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_SUB       = 9, /**< Sub */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_VERTICAL = 10, /**< Vertical */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_WIDE     = 11, /**< Wide */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_NARROW   = 12, /**< Narrow */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_SMALL    = 13, /**< Small */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_SQUARE   = 14, /**< Square */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_FRACTION = 15, /**< Fraction */
   UTF8PROC_DECOMP_TYPE_COMPAT   = 16, /**< Compat */
 } utf8proc_decomp_type_t;
 
 /** Boundclass property. (TR29) */
 typedef enum {
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_START              =  0, /**< Start */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_OTHER              =  1, /**< Other */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_CR                 =  2, /**< Cr */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_LF                 =  3, /**< Lf */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_CONTROL            =  4, /**< Control */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_EXTEND             =  5, /**< Extend */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_L                  =  6, /**< L */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_V                  =  7, /**< V */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_T                  =  8, /**< T */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_LV                 =  9, /**< Lv */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_LVT                = 10, /**< Lvt */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_REGIONAL_INDICATOR = 11, /**< Regional indicator */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_SPACINGMARK        = 12, /**< Spacingmark */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_PREPEND            = 13, /**< Prepend */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_ZWJ                = 14, /**< Zero Width Joiner */
 
   /* the following are no longer used in Unicode 11, but we keep
      the constants here for backward compatibility */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_E_BASE             = 15, /**< Emoji Base */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_E_MODIFIER         = 16, /**< Emoji Modifier */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_GLUE_AFTER_ZWJ     = 17, /**< Glue_After_ZWJ */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_E_BASE_GAZ         = 18, /**< E_BASE + GLUE_AFTER_ZJW */
 
   /* the Extended_Pictographic property is used in the Unicode 11
      grapheme-boundary rules, so we store it in the boundclass field */
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_EXTENDED_PICTOGRAPHIC = 19,
   UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_E_ZWG = 20, /* UTF8PROC_BOUNDCLASS_EXTENDED_PICTOGRAPHIC + ZWJ */
 } utf8proc_boundclass_t;
 
 /** Indic_Conjunct_Break property. (TR44) */
 typedef enum {
   UTF8PROC_INDIC_CONJUNCT_BREAK_NONE = 0,
   UTF8PROC_INDIC_CONJUNCT_BREAK_LINKER = 1,
   UTF8PROC_INDIC_CONJUNCT_BREAK_CONSONANT = 2,
   UTF8PROC_INDIC_CONJUNCT_BREAK_EXTEND = 3,
 } utf8proc_indic_conjunct_break_t;
 
 /**
  * Function pointer type passed to utf8proc_map_custom() and
  * utf8proc_decompose_custom(), which is used to specify a user-defined
  * mapping of codepoints to be applied in conjunction with other mappings.
  */
 typedef utf8proc_int32_t (*utf8proc_custom_func)(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint, void *data);
 
 /**
  * Array containing the byte lengths of a UTF-8 encoded codepoint based
  * on the first byte.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT extern const utf8proc_int8_t utf8proc_utf8class[256];
 
 /**
  * Returns the utf8proc API version as a string MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
  * (http://semver.org format), possibly with a "-dev" suffix for
  * development versions.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT const char *utf8proc_version(void);
 
 /**
  * Returns the utf8proc supported Unicode version as a string MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT const char *utf8proc_unicode_version(void);
 
 /**
  * Returns an informative error string for the given utf8proc error code
  * (e.g. the error codes returned by utf8proc_map()).
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT const char *utf8proc_errmsg(utf8proc_ssize_t errcode);
 
 /**
  * Reads a single codepoint from the UTF-8 sequence being pointed to by `str`.
  * The maximum number of bytes read is `strlen`, unless `strlen` is
  * negative (in which case up to 4 bytes are read).
  *
  * If a valid codepoint could be read, it is stored in the variable
  * pointed to by `codepoint_ref`, otherwise that variable will be set to -1.
  * In case of success, the number of bytes read is returned; otherwise, a
  * negative error code is returned.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_iterate(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen, utf8proc_int32_t *codepoint_ref);
 
 /**
  * Check if a codepoint is valid (regardless of whether it has been
  * assigned a value by the current Unicode standard).
  *
  * @return 1 if the given `codepoint` is valid and otherwise return 0.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_bool utf8proc_codepoint_valid(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /**
  * Encodes the codepoint as an UTF-8 string in the byte array pointed
  * to by `dst`. This array must be at least 4 bytes long.
  *
  * In case of success the number of bytes written is returned, and
  * otherwise 0 is returned.
  *
  * This function does not check whether `codepoint` is valid Unicode.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_encode_char(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint, utf8proc_uint8_t *dst);
 
 /**
  * Look up the properties for a given codepoint.
  *
  * @param codepoint The Unicode codepoint.
  *
  * @returns
  * A pointer to a (constant) struct containing information about
  * the codepoint.
  * @par
  * If the codepoint is unassigned or invalid, a pointer to a special struct is
  * returned in which `category` is 0 (@ref UTF8PROC_CATEGORY_CN).
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT const utf8proc_property_t *utf8proc_get_property(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /** Decompose a codepoint into an array of codepoints.
  *
  * @param codepoint the codepoint.
  * @param dst the destination buffer.
  * @param bufsize the size of the destination buffer.
  * @param options one or more of the following flags:
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_REJECTNA  - return an error `codepoint` is unassigned
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_IGNORE    - strip "default ignorable" codepoints
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_CASEFOLD  - apply Unicode casefolding
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT    - replace certain codepoints with their
  *                             compatibility decomposition
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND - insert 0xFF bytes before each grapheme cluster
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_LUMP      - lump certain different codepoints together
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STRIPMARK - remove all character marks
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STRIPNA   - remove unassigned codepoints
  * @param last_boundclass
  * Pointer to an integer variable containing
  * the previous codepoint's (boundclass + indic_conjunct_break << 1) if the @ref UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND
  * option is used.  If the string is being processed in order, this can be initialized to 0 for
  * the beginning of the string, and is thereafter updated automatically.  Otherwise, this parameter is ignored.
  *
  * @return
  * In case of success, the number of codepoints written is returned; in case
  * of an error, a negative error code is returned (utf8proc_errmsg()).
  * @par
  * If the number of written codepoints would be bigger than `bufsize`, the
  * required buffer size is returned, while the buffer will be overwritten with
  * undefined data.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_decompose_char(
   utf8proc_int32_t codepoint, utf8proc_int32_t *dst, utf8proc_ssize_t bufsize,
   utf8proc_option_t options, int *last_boundclass
 );
 
 /**
  * The same as utf8proc_decompose_char(), but acts on a whole UTF-8
  * string and orders the decomposed sequences correctly.
  *
  * If the @ref UTF8PROC_NULLTERM flag in `options` is set, processing
  * will be stopped, when a NULL byte is encountered, otherwise `strlen`
  * bytes are processed.  The result (in the form of 32-bit unicode
  * codepoints) is written into the buffer being pointed to by
  * `buffer` (which must contain at least `bufsize` entries).  In case of
  * success, the number of codepoints written is returned; in case of an
  * error, a negative error code is returned (utf8proc_errmsg()).
  * See utf8proc_decompose_custom() to supply additional transformations.
  *
  * If the number of written codepoints would be bigger than `bufsize`, the
  * required buffer size is returned, while the buffer will be overwritten with
  * undefined data.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_decompose(
   const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen,
   utf8proc_int32_t *buffer, utf8proc_ssize_t bufsize, utf8proc_option_t options
 );
 
 /**
  * The same as utf8proc_decompose(), but also takes a `custom_func` mapping function
  * that is called on each codepoint in `str` before any other transformations
  * (along with a `custom_data` pointer that is passed through to `custom_func`).
  * The `custom_func` argument is ignored if it is `NULL`.  See also utf8proc_map_custom().
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_decompose_custom(
   const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen,
   utf8proc_int32_t *buffer, utf8proc_ssize_t bufsize, utf8proc_option_t options,
   utf8proc_custom_func custom_func, void *custom_data
 );
 
 /**
  * Normalizes the sequence of `length` codepoints pointed to by `buffer`
  * in-place (i.e., the result is also stored in `buffer`).
  *
  * @param buffer the (native-endian UTF-32) unicode codepoints to re-encode.
  * @param length the length (in codepoints) of the buffer.
  * @param options a bitwise or (`|`) of one or more of the following flags:
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2LS  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into LS
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2PS  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into PS
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2LF  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into LF
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STRIPCC - strip or convert all non-affected control characters
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE - try to combine decomposed codepoints into composite
  *                           codepoints
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STABLE  - prohibit combining characters that would violate
  *                           the unicode versioning stability
  *
  * @return
  * In case of success, the length (in codepoints) of the normalized UTF-32 string is
  * returned; otherwise, a negative error code is returned (utf8proc_errmsg()).
  *
  * @warning The entries of the array pointed to by `str` have to be in the
  *          range `0x0000` to `0x10FFFF`. Otherwise, the program might crash!
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_normalize_utf32(utf8proc_int32_t *buffer, utf8proc_ssize_t length, utf8proc_option_t options);
 
 /**
  * Reencodes the sequence of `length` codepoints pointed to by `buffer`
  * UTF-8 data in-place (i.e., the result is also stored in `buffer`).
  * Can optionally normalize the UTF-32 sequence prior to UTF-8 conversion.
  *
  * @param buffer the (native-endian UTF-32) unicode codepoints to re-encode.
  * @param length the length (in codepoints) of the buffer.
  * @param options a bitwise or (`|`) of one or more of the following flags:
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2LS  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into LS
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2PS  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into PS
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_NLF2LF  - convert LF, CRLF, CR and NEL into LF
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STRIPCC - strip or convert all non-affected control characters
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE - try to combine decomposed codepoints into composite
  *                           codepoints
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_STABLE  - prohibit combining characters that would violate
  *                           the unicode versioning stability
  * - @ref UTF8PROC_CHARBOUND - insert 0xFF bytes before each grapheme cluster
  *
  * @return
  * In case of success, the length (in bytes) of the resulting nul-terminated
  * UTF-8 string is returned; otherwise, a negative error code is returned
  * (utf8proc_errmsg()).
  *
  * @warning The amount of free space pointed to by `buffer` must
  *          exceed the amount of the input data by one byte, and the
  *          entries of the array pointed to by `str` have to be in the
  *          range `0x0000` to `0x10FFFF`. Otherwise, the program might crash!
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_reencode(utf8proc_int32_t *buffer, utf8proc_ssize_t length, utf8proc_option_t options);
 
 /**
  * Given a pair of consecutive codepoints, return whether a grapheme break is
  * permitted between them (as defined by the extended grapheme clusters in UAX#29).
  *
  * @param codepoint1 The first codepoint.
  * @param codepoint2 The second codepoint, occurring consecutively after `codepoint1`.
  * @param state Beginning with Version 29 (Unicode 9.0.0), this algorithm requires
  *              state to break graphemes. This state can be passed in as a pointer
  *              in the `state` argument and should initially be set to 0. If the
  *              state is not passed in (i.e. a null pointer is passed), UAX#29 rules
  *              GB10/12/13 which require this state will not be applied, essentially
  *              matching the rules in Unicode 8.0.0.
  *
  * @warning If the state parameter is used, `utf8proc_grapheme_break_stateful` must
  *          be called IN ORDER on ALL potential breaks in a string.  However, it
  *          is safe to reset the state to zero after a grapheme break.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_bool utf8proc_grapheme_break_stateful(
     utf8proc_int32_t codepoint1, utf8proc_int32_t codepoint2, utf8proc_int32_t *state);
 
 /**
  * Same as utf8proc_grapheme_break_stateful(), except without support for the
  * Unicode 9 additions to the algorithm. Supported for legacy reasons.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_bool utf8proc_grapheme_break(
     utf8proc_int32_t codepoint1, utf8proc_int32_t codepoint2);
 
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint `c`, return the codepoint of the corresponding
  * lower-case character, if any; otherwise (if there is no lower-case
  * variant, or if `c` is not a valid codepoint) return `c`.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_int32_t utf8proc_tolower(utf8proc_int32_t c);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint `c`, return the codepoint of the corresponding
  * upper-case character, if any; otherwise (if there is no upper-case
  * variant, or if `c` is not a valid codepoint) return `c`.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_int32_t utf8proc_toupper(utf8proc_int32_t c);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint `c`, return the codepoint of the corresponding
  * title-case character, if any; otherwise (if there is no title-case
  * variant, or if `c` is not a valid codepoint) return `c`.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_int32_t utf8proc_totitle(utf8proc_int32_t c);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint `c`, return `1` if the codepoint corresponds to a lower-case character
  * and `0` otherwise.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT int utf8proc_islower(utf8proc_int32_t c);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint `c`, return `1` if the codepoint corresponds to an upper-case character
  * and `0` otherwise.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT int utf8proc_isupper(utf8proc_int32_t c);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint, return a character width analogous to `wcwidth(codepoint)`,
  * except that a width of 0 is returned for non-printable codepoints
  * instead of -1 as in `wcwidth`.
  *
  * @note
  * If you want to check for particular types of non-printable characters,
  * (analogous to `isprint` or `iscntrl`), use utf8proc_category(). */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT int utf8proc_charwidth(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /**
  * Given a codepoint, return whether it has East Asian width class A (Ambiguous)
  *
  * Codepoints with this property are considered to have charwidth 1 (if they are printable)
  * but some East Asian fonts render them as double width.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_bool utf8proc_charwidth_ambiguous(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /**
  * Return the Unicode category for the codepoint (one of the
  * @ref utf8proc_category_t constants.)
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_category_t utf8proc_category(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /**
  * Return the two-letter (nul-terminated) Unicode category string for
  * the codepoint (e.g. `"Lu"` or `"Co"`).
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT const char *utf8proc_category_string(utf8proc_int32_t codepoint);
 
 /**
  * Maps the given UTF-8 string pointed to by `str` to a new UTF-8
  * string, allocated dynamically by `malloc` and returned via `dstptr`.
  *
  * If the @ref UTF8PROC_NULLTERM flag in the `options` field is set,
  * the length is determined by a NULL terminator, otherwise the
  * parameter `strlen` is evaluated to determine the string length, but
  * in any case the result will be NULL terminated (though it might
  * contain NULL characters with the string if `str` contained NULL
  * characters). Other flags in the `options` field are passed to the
  * functions defined above, and regarded as described.  See also
  * utf8proc_map_custom() to supply a custom codepoint transformation.
  *
  * In case of success the length of the new string is returned,
  * otherwise a negative error code is returned.
  *
  * @note The memory of the new UTF-8 string will have been allocated
  * with `malloc`, and should therefore be deallocated with `free`.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_map(
   const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen, utf8proc_uint8_t **dstptr, utf8proc_option_t options
 );
 
 /**
  * Like utf8proc_map(), but also takes a `custom_func` mapping function
  * that is called on each codepoint in `str` before any other transformations
  * (along with a `custom_data` pointer that is passed through to `custom_func`).
  * The `custom_func` argument is ignored if it is `NULL`.
  */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_ssize_t utf8proc_map_custom(
   const utf8proc_uint8_t *str, utf8proc_ssize_t strlen, utf8proc_uint8_t **dstptr, utf8proc_option_t options,
   utf8proc_custom_func custom_func, void *custom_data
 );
 
 /** @name Unicode normalization
  *
  * Returns a pointer to newly allocated memory of a NFD, NFC, NFKD, NFKC or
  * NFKC_Casefold normalized version of the null-terminated string `str`.  These
  * are shortcuts to calling utf8proc_map() with @ref UTF8PROC_NULLTERM
  * combined with @ref UTF8PROC_STABLE and flags indicating the normalization.
  */
 /** @{ */
 /** NFD normalization (@ref UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE). */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_uint8_t *utf8proc_NFD(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str);
 /** NFC normalization (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE). */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_uint8_t *utf8proc_NFC(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str);
 /** NFKD normalization (@ref UTF8PROC_DECOMPOSE and @ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT). */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_uint8_t *utf8proc_NFKD(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str);
 /** NFKC normalization (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE and @ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT). */
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_uint8_t *utf8proc_NFKC(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str);
 /**
  * NFKC_Casefold normalization (@ref UTF8PROC_COMPOSE and @ref UTF8PROC_COMPAT
  * and @ref UTF8PROC_CASEFOLD and @ref UTF8PROC_IGNORE).
  **/
 UTF8PROC_DLLEXPORT utf8proc_uint8_t *utf8proc_NFKC_Casefold(const utf8proc_uint8_t *str);
 /** @} */
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
 
 #endif

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