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0001 // © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
0002 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
0003 /*
0004 **********************************************************************
0005 *   Copyright (C) 1997-2016, International Business Machines
0006 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
0007 **********************************************************************
0008 *
0009 * File ULOC.H
0010 *
0011 * Modification History:
0012 *
0013 *   Date        Name        Description
0014 *   04/01/97    aliu        Creation.
0015 *   08/22/98    stephen     JDK 1.2 sync.
0016 *   12/08/98    rtg         New C API for Locale
0017 *   03/30/99    damiba      overhaul
0018 *   03/31/99    helena      Javadoc for uloc functions.
0019 *   04/15/99    Madhu       Updated Javadoc
0020 ********************************************************************************
0021 */
0022 
0023 #ifndef ULOC_H
0024 #define ULOC_H
0025 
0026 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
0027 #include "unicode/uenum.h"
0028 
0029 /**
0030  * \file
0031  * \brief C API: Locale ID functionality similar to C++ class Locale
0032  *
0033  * <h2> ULoc C API for Locale </h2>
0034  * A <code>Locale</code> represents a specific geographical, political,
0035  * or cultural region. An operation that requires a <code>Locale</code> to perform
0036  * its task is called <em>locale-sensitive</em> and uses the <code>Locale</code>
0037  * to tailor information for the user. For example, displaying a number
0038  * is a locale-sensitive operation--the number should be formatted
0039  * according to the customs/conventions of the user's native country,
0040  * region, or culture.  In the C APIs, a locales is simply a const char string.
0041  *
0042  * <P>
0043  * You create a <code>Locale</code> with one of the three options listed below.
0044  * Each of the component is separated by '_' in the locale string.
0045  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0046  * <pre>
0047  * \code
0048  *       newLanguage
0049  * 
0050  *       newLanguage + newCountry
0051  * 
0052  *       newLanguage + newCountry + newVariant
0053  * \endcode
0054  * </pre>
0055  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0056  * The first option is a valid <STRONG>ISO
0057  * Language Code.</STRONG> These codes are the lower-case two-letter
0058  * codes as defined by ISO-639.
0059  * You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
0060  * <BR><a href ="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt">
0061  * http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt</a>
0062  *
0063  * <P>
0064  * The second option includes an additional <STRONG>ISO Country
0065  * Code.</STRONG> These codes are the upper-case two-letter codes
0066  * as defined by ISO-3166.
0067  * You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
0068  * <BR><a href="http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/doc/ISO_3166.html">
0069  * http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/doc/ISO_3166.html</a>
0070  *
0071  * <P>
0072  * The third option requires another additional information--the 
0073  * <STRONG>Variant.</STRONG>
0074  * The Variant codes are vendor and browser-specific.
0075  * For example, use WIN for Windows, MAC for Macintosh, and POSIX for POSIX.
0076  * Where there are two variants, separate them with an underscore, and
0077  * put the most important one first. For
0078  * example, a Traditional Spanish collation might be referenced, with
0079  * "ES", "ES", "Traditional_WIN".
0080  *
0081  * <P>
0082  * Because a <code>Locale</code> is just an identifier for a region,
0083  * no validity check is performed when you specify a <code>Locale</code>.
0084  * If you want to see whether particular resources are available for the
0085  * <code>Locale</code> you asked for, you must query those resources. For
0086  * example, ask the <code>UNumberFormat</code> for the locales it supports
0087  * using its <code>getAvailable</code> method.
0088  * <BR><STRONG>Note:</STRONG> When you ask for a resource for a particular
0089  * locale, you get back the best available match, not necessarily
0090  * precisely what you asked for. For more information, look at
0091  * <code>UResourceBundle</code>.
0092  *
0093  * <P>
0094  * The <code>Locale</code> provides a number of convenient constants
0095  * that you can use to specify the commonly used
0096  * locales. For example, the following refers to a locale
0097  * for the United States:
0098  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0099  * <pre>
0100  * \code
0101  *       ULOC_US
0102  * \endcode
0103  * </pre>
0104  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0105  *
0106  * <P>
0107  * Once you've specified a locale you can query it for information about
0108  * itself. Use <code>uloc_getCountry</code> to get the ISO Country Code and
0109  * <code>uloc_getLanguage</code> to get the ISO Language Code. You can
0110  * use <code>uloc_getDisplayCountry</code> to get the
0111  * name of the country suitable for displaying to the user. Similarly,
0112  * you can use <code>uloc_getDisplayLanguage</code> to get the name of
0113  * the language suitable for displaying to the user. Interestingly,
0114  * the <code>uloc_getDisplayXXX</code> methods are themselves locale-sensitive
0115  * and have two versions: one that uses the default locale and one
0116  * that takes a locale as an argument and displays the name or country in
0117  * a language appropriate to that locale.
0118  *
0119  * <P>
0120  * The ICU provides a number of services that perform locale-sensitive
0121  * operations. For example, the <code>unum_xxx</code> functions format
0122  * numbers, currency, or percentages in a locale-sensitive manner. 
0123  * </P>
0124  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0125  * <pre>
0126  * \code
0127  *     UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
0128  *     UNumberFormat *nf;
0129  *     const char* myLocale = "fr_FR";
0130  * 
0131  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_DEFAULT, NULL, success );          
0132  *     unum_close(nf);
0133  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_CURRENCY, NULL, success );
0134  *     unum_close(nf);
0135  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_PERCENT, NULL, success );   
0136  *     unum_close(nf);
0137  * \endcode
0138  * </pre>
0139  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0140  * Each of these methods has two variants; one with an explicit locale
0141  * and one without; the latter using the default locale.
0142  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0143  * <pre>
0144  * \code 
0145  * 
0146  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_DEFAULT, myLocale, success );          
0147  *     unum_close(nf);
0148  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_CURRENCY, myLocale, success );
0149  *     unum_close(nf);
0150  *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_PERCENT, myLocale, success );   
0151  *     unum_close(nf);
0152  * \endcode
0153  * </pre>
0154  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0155  * A <code>Locale</code> is the mechanism for identifying the kind of services
0156  * (<code>UNumberFormat</code>) that you would like to get. The locale is
0157  * <STRONG>just</STRONG> a mechanism for identifying these services.
0158  *
0159  * <P>
0160  * Each international service that performs locale-sensitive operations 
0161  * allows you
0162  * to get all the available objects of that type. You can sift
0163  * through these objects by language, country, or variant,
0164  * and use the display names to present a menu to the user.
0165  * For example, you can create a menu of all the collation objects
0166  * suitable for a given language. Such classes implement these
0167  * three class methods:
0168  * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0169  * <pre>
0170  * \code
0171  *       const char* uloc_getAvailable(int32_t index);
0172  *       int32_t uloc_countAvailable();
0173  *       int32_t
0174  *       uloc_getDisplayName(const char* localeID,
0175  *                 const char* inLocaleID, 
0176  *                 UChar* result,
0177  *                 int32_t maxResultSize,
0178  *                  UErrorCode* err);
0179  * 
0180  * \endcode
0181  * </pre>
0182  * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
0183  * <P>
0184  * Concerning POSIX/RFC1766 Locale IDs, 
0185  *  the getLanguage/getCountry/getVariant/getName functions do understand
0186  * the POSIX type form of  language_COUNTRY.ENCODING\@VARIANT
0187  * and if there is not an ICU-stype variant, uloc_getVariant() for example
0188  * will return the one listed after the \@at sign. As well, the hyphen
0189  * "-" is recognized as a country/variant separator similarly to RFC1766.
0190  * So for example, "en-us" will be interpreted as en_US.  
0191  * As a result, uloc_getName() is far from a no-op, and will have the
0192  * effect of converting POSIX/RFC1766 IDs into ICU form, although it does
0193  * NOT map any of the actual codes (i.e. russian->ru) in any way.
0194  * Applications should call uloc_getName() at the point where a locale ID
0195  * is coming from an external source (user entry, OS, web browser)
0196  * and pass the resulting string to other ICU functions.  For example,
0197  * don't use de-de\@EURO as an argument to resourcebundle.
0198  *
0199  * @see UResourceBundle
0200  */
0201 
0202 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0203 #define ULOC_CHINESE            "zh"
0204 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0205 #define ULOC_ENGLISH            "en"
0206 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0207 #define ULOC_FRENCH             "fr"
0208 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0209 #define ULOC_GERMAN             "de"
0210 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0211 #define ULOC_ITALIAN            "it"
0212 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0213 #define ULOC_JAPANESE           "ja"
0214 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0215 #define ULOC_KOREAN             "ko"
0216 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0217 #define ULOC_SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE "zh_CN"
0218 /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0219 #define ULOC_TRADITIONAL_CHINESE "zh_TW"
0220 
0221 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0222 #define ULOC_CANADA         "en_CA"
0223 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0224 #define ULOC_CANADA_FRENCH  "fr_CA"
0225 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0226 #define ULOC_CHINA          "zh_CN"
0227 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0228 #define ULOC_PRC            "zh_CN"
0229 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0230 #define ULOC_FRANCE         "fr_FR"
0231 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0232 #define ULOC_GERMANY        "de_DE"
0233 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0234 #define ULOC_ITALY          "it_IT"
0235 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0236 #define ULOC_JAPAN          "ja_JP"
0237 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0238 #define ULOC_KOREA          "ko_KR"
0239 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0240 #define ULOC_TAIWAN         "zh_TW"
0241 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0242 #define ULOC_UK             "en_GB"
0243 /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
0244 #define ULOC_US             "en_US"
0245 
0246 /**
0247  * Useful constant for the maximum size of the language part of a locale ID.
0248  * (including the terminating NULL).
0249  * @stable ICU 2.0
0250  */
0251 #define ULOC_LANG_CAPACITY 12
0252 
0253 /**
0254  * Useful constant for the maximum size of the country part of a locale ID
0255  * (including the terminating NULL).
0256  * @stable ICU 2.0
0257  */
0258 #define ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY 4
0259 /**
0260  * Useful constant for the maximum size of the whole locale ID
0261  * (including the terminating NULL and all keywords).
0262  * @stable ICU 2.0
0263  */
0264 #define ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY 157
0265 
0266 /**
0267  * Useful constant for the maximum size of the script part of a locale ID
0268  * (including the terminating NULL).
0269  * @stable ICU 2.8
0270  */
0271 #define ULOC_SCRIPT_CAPACITY 6
0272 
0273 /**
0274  * Useful constant for the maximum size of keywords in a locale
0275  * @stable ICU 2.8
0276  */
0277 #define ULOC_KEYWORDS_CAPACITY 96
0278 
0279 /**
0280  * Useful constant for the maximum total size of keywords and their values in a locale
0281  * @stable ICU 2.8
0282  */
0283 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_AND_VALUES_CAPACITY 100
0284 
0285 /**
0286  * Invariant character separating keywords from the locale string
0287  * @stable ICU 2.8
0288  */
0289 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR '@'
0290 
0291 /**
0292   * Unicode code point for '@' separating keywords from the locale string.
0293   * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR
0294   * @stable ICU 4.6
0295   */
0296 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR_UNICODE 0x40
0297 
0298 /**
0299  * Invariant character for assigning value to a keyword
0300  * @stable ICU 2.8
0301  */
0302 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN '='
0303 
0304 /**
0305   * Unicode code point for '=' for assigning value to a keyword.
0306   * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN
0307   * @stable ICU 4.6 
0308   */
0309 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN_UNICODE 0x3D
0310 
0311 /**
0312  * Invariant character separating keywords
0313  * @stable ICU 2.8
0314  */
0315 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR ';'
0316 
0317 /**
0318   * Unicode code point for ';' separating keywords
0319   * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR
0320   * @stable ICU 4.6
0321   */
0322 #define ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR_UNICODE 0x3B
0323 
0324 /**
0325  * Constants for *_getLocale()
0326  * Allow user to select whether she wants information on 
0327  * requested, valid or actual locale.
0328  * For example, a collator for "en_US_CALIFORNIA" was
0329  * requested. In the current state of ICU (2.0), 
0330  * the requested locale is "en_US_CALIFORNIA",
0331  * the valid locale is "en_US" (most specific locale supported by ICU)
0332  * and the actual locale is "root" (the collation data comes unmodified 
0333  * from the UCA)
0334  * The locale is considered supported by ICU if there is a core ICU bundle 
0335  * for that locale (although it may be empty).
0336  * @stable ICU 2.1
0337  */
0338 typedef enum {
0339   /** This is locale the data actually comes from 
0340    * @stable ICU 2.1
0341    */
0342   ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE    = 0,
0343   /** This is the most specific locale supported by ICU 
0344    * @stable ICU 2.1
0345    */
0346   ULOC_VALID_LOCALE    = 1,
0347 
0348 #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
0349   /** This is the requested locale
0350    *  @deprecated ICU 2.8 
0351    */
0352   ULOC_REQUESTED_LOCALE = 2,
0353 
0354     /**
0355      * One more than the highest normal ULocDataLocaleType value.
0356      * @deprecated ICU 58 The numeric value may change over time, see ICU ticket #12420.
0357      */
0358     ULOC_DATA_LOCALE_TYPE_LIMIT = 3
0359 #endif  // U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
0360 } ULocDataLocaleType;
0361 
0362 #ifndef U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API
0363 /**
0364  * Gets ICU's default locale.  
0365  * The returned string is a snapshot in time, and will remain valid
0366  *   and unchanged even when uloc_setDefault() is called.
0367  *   The returned storage is owned by ICU, and must not be altered or deleted
0368  *   by the caller.
0369  *  
0370  * @return the ICU default locale
0371  * @system
0372  * @stable ICU 2.0
0373  */
0374 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
0375 uloc_getDefault(void);
0376 
0377 /**
0378  * Sets ICU's default locale.  
0379  *    By default (without calling this function), ICU's default locale will be based
0380  *    on information obtained from the underlying system environment.
0381  *    <p>
0382  *    Changes to ICU's default locale do not propagate back to the
0383  *    system environment.
0384  *    <p>
0385  *    Changes to ICU's default locale to not affect any ICU services that
0386  *    may already be open based on the previous default locale value.
0387  *
0388  * @param localeID the new ICU default locale. A value of NULL will try to get
0389  *                 the system's default locale.
0390  * @param status the error information if the setting of default locale fails
0391  * @system
0392  * @stable ICU 2.0
0393  */
0394 U_CAPI void U_EXPORT2
0395 uloc_setDefault(const char* localeID,
0396         UErrorCode*       status);
0397 #endif  /* U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API */
0398 
0399 /**
0400  * Gets the language code for the specified locale.
0401  *
0402  * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
0403  * @param language the language code for localeID
0404  * @param languageCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the  
0405  * language code with
0406  * @param err error information if retrieving the language code failed
0407  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the language code.  If it's greater 
0408  * than languageCapacity, the returned language code will be truncated.  
0409  * @stable ICU 2.0
0410  */
0411 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0412 uloc_getLanguage(const char*    localeID,
0413          char* language,
0414          int32_t languageCapacity,
0415          UErrorCode* err);
0416 
0417 /**
0418  * Gets the script code for the specified locale.
0419  *
0420  * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
0421  * @param script the language code for localeID
0422  * @param scriptCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the  
0423  * language code with
0424  * @param err error information if retrieving the language code failed
0425  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the language code.  If it's greater 
0426  * than scriptCapacity, the returned language code will be truncated.  
0427  * @stable ICU 2.8
0428  */
0429 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0430 uloc_getScript(const char*    localeID,
0431          char* script,
0432          int32_t scriptCapacity,
0433          UErrorCode* err);
0434 
0435 /**
0436  * Gets the  country code for the specified locale.
0437  *
0438  * @param localeID the locale to get the country code with
0439  * @param country the country code for localeID
0440  * @param countryCapacity the size of the country buffer to store the  
0441  * country code with
0442  * @param err error information if retrieving the country code failed
0443  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the country code.  If it's greater 
0444  * than countryCapacity, the returned country code will be truncated.  
0445  * @stable ICU 2.0
0446  */
0447 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0448 uloc_getCountry(const char*    localeID,
0449         char* country,
0450         int32_t countryCapacity,
0451         UErrorCode* err);
0452 
0453 /**
0454  * Gets the variant code for the specified locale.
0455  *
0456  * @param localeID the locale to get the variant code with
0457  * @param variant the variant code for localeID
0458  * @param variantCapacity the size of the variant buffer to store the 
0459  * variant code with
0460  * @param err error information if retrieving the variant code failed
0461  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the variant code.  If it's greater 
0462  * than variantCapacity, the returned variant code will be truncated.  
0463  * @stable ICU 2.0
0464  */
0465 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0466 uloc_getVariant(const char*    localeID,
0467         char* variant,
0468         int32_t variantCapacity,
0469         UErrorCode* err);
0470 
0471 
0472 /**
0473  * Gets the full name for the specified locale.
0474  * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the ICU locale ID to
0475  * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed.
0476  * It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
0477  * See the top of this header file.
0478  * This API supports preflighting.
0479  *
0480  * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
0481  * @param name fill in buffer for the name without keywords.
0482  * @param nameCapacity capacity of the fill in buffer.
0483  * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
0484  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
0485  * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
0486  * @stable ICU 2.0
0487  */
0488 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0489 uloc_getName(const char*    localeID,
0490          char* name,
0491          int32_t nameCapacity,
0492          UErrorCode* err);
0493 
0494 /**
0495  * Gets the full name for the specified locale.
0496  * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the string to
0497  * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed,
0498  * and if the components were in 'POSIX' format they are changed to
0499  * ICU format.  It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
0500  * See the top of this header file.
0501  *
0502  * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
0503  * @param name the full name for localeID
0504  * @param nameCapacity the size of the name buffer to store the 
0505  * full name with
0506  * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
0507  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
0508  * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
0509  * @stable ICU 2.8
0510  */
0511 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0512 uloc_canonicalize(const char*    localeID,
0513          char* name,
0514          int32_t nameCapacity,
0515          UErrorCode* err);
0516 
0517 /**
0518  * Gets the ISO language code for the specified locale.
0519  *
0520  * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
0521  * @return language the ISO language code for localeID
0522  * @stable ICU 2.0
0523  */
0524 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
0525 uloc_getISO3Language(const char* localeID);
0526 
0527 
0528 /**
0529  * Gets the ISO country code for the specified locale.
0530  *
0531  * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO country code with
0532  * @return country the ISO country code for localeID
0533  * @stable ICU 2.0
0534  */
0535 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
0536 uloc_getISO3Country(const char* localeID);
0537 
0538 /**
0539  * Gets the Win32 LCID value for the specified locale.
0540  * If the ICU locale is not recognized by Windows, 0 will be returned.
0541  *
0542  * LCIDs were deprecated with Windows Vista and Microsoft recommends
0543  * that developers use BCP47 style tags instead (uloc_toLanguageTag).
0544  *
0545  * @param localeID the locale to get the Win32 LCID value with
0546  * @return country the Win32 LCID for localeID
0547  * @stable ICU 2.0
0548  */
0549 U_CAPI uint32_t U_EXPORT2
0550 uloc_getLCID(const char* localeID);
0551 
0552 /**
0553  * Gets the language name suitable for display for the specified locale.
0554  *
0555  * @param locale the locale to get the ISO language code with
0556  * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In
0557  *                 other words, if the locale's language code is "en", passing
0558  *                 Locale::getFrench() for inLocale would result in "Anglais",
0559  *                 while passing Locale::getGerman() for inLocale would result
0560  *                 in "Englisch".
0561  * @param language the displayable language code for localeID
0562  * @param languageCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the
0563  *                 displayable language code with.
0564  * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable language code
0565  *                 failed. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was
0566  *                 found from the locale resources and a case canonicalized
0567  *                 language code is placed into language as fallback.
0568  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable language code. If
0569  *                 it's greater than languageCapacity, the returned language
0570  *                 code will be truncated.
0571  * @stable ICU 2.0
0572  */
0573 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0574 uloc_getDisplayLanguage(const char* locale,
0575             const char* displayLocale,
0576             UChar* language,
0577             int32_t languageCapacity,
0578             UErrorCode* status);
0579 
0580 /**
0581  * Gets the script name suitable for display for the specified locale.
0582  *
0583  * @param locale the locale to get the displayable script code with. NULL may be
0584  *                 used to specify the default.
0585  * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In
0586  *                 other words, if the locale's language code is "en", passing
0587  *                 Locale::getFrench() for inLocale would result in "", while
0588  *                 passing Locale::getGerman() for inLocale would result in "".
0589  *                 NULL may be used to specify the default.
0590  * @param script the displayable script for the localeID.
0591  * @param scriptCapacity the size of the script buffer to store the displayable
0592  *                 script code with.
0593  * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable script code
0594  *                 failed. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was
0595  *                 found from the locale resources and a case canonicalized
0596  *                 script code is placed into script as fallback.
0597  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable script code. If
0598  *                 it's greater than scriptCapacity, the returned displayable
0599  *                 script code will be truncated.
0600  * @stable ICU 2.8
0601  */
0602 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0603 uloc_getDisplayScript(const char* locale,
0604             const char* displayLocale,
0605             UChar* script,
0606             int32_t scriptCapacity,
0607             UErrorCode* status);
0608 
0609 /**
0610  * Gets the country name suitable for display for the specified locale.
0611  * Warning: this is for the region part of a valid locale ID; it cannot just be
0612  * the region code (like "FR"). To get the display name for a region alone, or
0613  * for other options, use ULocaleDisplayNames instead.
0614  *
0615  * @param locale the locale to get the displayable country code with. NULL may
0616  *                 be used to specify the default.
0617  * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In
0618  *                 other words, if the locale's language code is "en", passing
0619  *                 Locale::getFrench() for inLocale would result in "Anglais",
0620  *                 while passing Locale::getGerman() for inLocale would result
0621  *                 in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
0622  * @param country the displayable country code for localeID.
0623  * @param countryCapacity the size of the country buffer to store the
0624  *                 displayable country code with.
0625  * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable country code
0626  *                 failed. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was
0627  *                 found from the locale resources and a case canonicalized
0628  *                 country code is placed into country as fallback.
0629  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable country code. If
0630  *                 it's greater than countryCapacity, the returned displayable
0631  *                 country code will be truncated.
0632  * @stable ICU 2.0
0633  */
0634 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0635 uloc_getDisplayCountry(const char* locale,
0636                        const char* displayLocale,
0637                        UChar* country,
0638                        int32_t countryCapacity,
0639                        UErrorCode* status);
0640 
0641 
0642 /**
0643  * Gets the variant name suitable for display for the specified locale.
0644  *
0645  * @param locale the locale to get the displayable variant code with. NULL may
0646  *                 be used to specify the default.
0647  * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In
0648  *                 other words, if the locale's language code is "en", passing
0649  *                 Locale::getFrench() for inLocale would result in "Anglais",
0650  *                 while passing Locale::getGerman() for inLocale would result
0651  *                 in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
0652  * @param variant the displayable variant code for localeID.
0653  * @param variantCapacity the size of the variant buffer to store the
0654  *                 displayable variant code with.
0655  * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable variant code
0656  *                 failed. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was
0657  *                 found from the locale resources and a case canonicalized
0658  *                 variant code is placed into variant as fallback.
0659  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code. If
0660  *                 it's greater than variantCapacity, the returned displayable
0661  *                 variant code will be truncated.
0662  * @stable ICU 2.0
0663  */
0664 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0665 uloc_getDisplayVariant(const char* locale,
0666                        const char* displayLocale,
0667                        UChar* variant,
0668                        int32_t variantCapacity,
0669                        UErrorCode* status);
0670 
0671 /**
0672  * Gets the keyword name suitable for display for the specified locale. E.g:
0673  * for the locale string de_DE\@collation=PHONEBOOK, this API gets the display
0674  * string for the keyword collation.
0675  * Usage:
0676  * <code>
0677  *    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
0678  *    const char* keyword =NULL;
0679  *    int32_t keywordLen = 0;
0680  *    int32_t keywordCount = 0;
0681  *    UChar displayKeyword[256];
0682  *    int32_t displayKeywordLen = 0;
0683  *    UEnumeration* keywordEnum = uloc_openKeywords("de_DE@collation=PHONEBOOK;calendar=TRADITIONAL", &status);
0684  *    for(keywordCount = uenum_count(keywordEnum, &status); keywordCount > 0 ; keywordCount--){
0685  *          if(U_FAILURE(status)){
0686  *              ...something went wrong so handle the error...
0687  *              break;
0688  *          }
0689  *          // the uenum_next returns NUL terminated string
0690  *          keyword = uenum_next(keywordEnum, &keywordLen, &status);
0691  *          displayKeywordLen = uloc_getDisplayKeyword(keyword, "en_US", displayKeyword, 256);
0692  *          ... do something interesting .....
0693  *    }
0694  *    uenum_close(keywordEnum);
0695  * </code>
0696  * @param keyword           The keyword whose display string needs to be returned.
0697  * @param displayLocale     Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
0698  *                          if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
0699  *                          inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
0700  *                          for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
0701  * @param dest              the buffer to which the displayable keyword should be written.
0702  * @param destCapacity      The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
0703  *                          dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
0704  *                          result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
0705  * @param status            error information if retrieving the displayable string failed.
0706  *                          Should not be NULL and should not indicate failure on entry.
0707  *                          U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was found from the locale
0708  *                          resources and the keyword is placed into dest as fallback.
0709  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code.
0710  * @see #uloc_openKeywords
0711  * @stable ICU 2.8
0712  */
0713 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0714 uloc_getDisplayKeyword(const char* keyword,
0715                        const char* displayLocale,
0716                        UChar* dest,
0717                        int32_t destCapacity,
0718                        UErrorCode* status);
0719 /**
0720  * Gets the value of the keyword suitable for display for the specified locale.
0721  * E.g: for the locale string de_DE\@collation=PHONEBOOK, this API gets the display
0722  * string for PHONEBOOK, in the display locale, when "collation" is specified as the keyword.
0723  *
0724  * @param locale            The locale to get the displayable variant code with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
0725  * @param keyword           The keyword for whose value should be used.
0726  * @param displayLocale     Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
0727  *                          if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
0728  *                          inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
0729  *                          for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
0730  * @param dest              the buffer to which the displayable keyword should be written.
0731  * @param destCapacity      The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
0732  *                          dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the
0733  *                          result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
0734  * @param status            error information if retrieving the displayable string failed.
0735  *                          Should not be NULL and must not indicate failure on entry.
0736  *                          U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that no data was found from the locale
0737  *                          resources and the value of the keyword is placed into dest as fallback.
0738  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code.
0739  * @stable ICU 2.8
0740  */
0741 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0742 uloc_getDisplayKeywordValue(   const char* locale,
0743                                const char* keyword,
0744                                const char* displayLocale,
0745                                UChar* dest,
0746                                int32_t destCapacity,
0747                                UErrorCode* status);
0748 /**
0749  * Gets the full name suitable for display for the specified locale.
0750  *
0751  * @param localeID the locale to get the displayable name with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
0752  * @param inLocaleID Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
0753  *                   if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
0754  *                   inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
0755  *                   for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
0756  * @param result the displayable name for localeID
0757  * @param maxResultSize the size of the name buffer to store the 
0758  * displayable full name with
0759  * @param err error information if retrieving the displayable name failed
0760  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable name.  If it's greater 
0761  * than maxResultSize, the returned displayable name will be truncated.  
0762  * @stable ICU 2.0
0763  */
0764 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0765 uloc_getDisplayName(const char* localeID,
0766             const char* inLocaleID,
0767             UChar* result,
0768             int32_t maxResultSize,
0769             UErrorCode* err);
0770 
0771 
0772 /**
0773  * Gets the specified locale from a list of available locales.
0774  *
0775  * This method corresponds to uloc_openAvailableByType called with the
0776  * ULOC_AVAILABLE_DEFAULT type argument.
0777  *
0778  * The return value is a pointer to an item of a locale name array. Both this
0779  * array and the pointers it contains are owned by ICU and should not be
0780  * deleted or written through by the caller. The locale name is terminated by
0781  * a null pointer.
0782  *
0783  * @param n the specific locale name index of the available locale list;
0784  *     should not exceed the number returned by uloc_countAvailable.
0785  * @return a specified locale name of all available locales
0786  * @stable ICU 2.0
0787  */
0788 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
0789 uloc_getAvailable(int32_t n);
0790 
0791 /**
0792  * Gets the size of the all available locale list.
0793  *
0794  * @return the size of the locale list
0795  * @stable ICU 2.0
0796  */
0797 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2 uloc_countAvailable(void);
0798 
0799 /**
0800  * Types for uloc_getAvailableByType and uloc_countAvailableByType.
0801  *
0802  * @stable ICU 65
0803  */
0804 typedef enum ULocAvailableType {
0805   /**
0806    * Locales that return data when passed to ICU APIs,
0807    * but not including legacy or alias locales.
0808    *
0809    * @stable ICU 65
0810    */
0811   ULOC_AVAILABLE_DEFAULT,
0812 
0813   /**
0814    * Legacy or alias locales that return data when passed to ICU APIs.
0815    * Examples of supported legacy or alias locales:
0816    *
0817    * - iw (alias to he)
0818    * - mo (alias to ro)
0819    * - zh_CN (alias to zh_Hans_CN)
0820    * - sr_BA (alias to sr_Cyrl_BA)
0821    * - ars (alias to ar_SA)
0822    *
0823    * The locales in this set are disjoint from the ones in
0824    * ULOC_AVAILABLE_DEFAULT. To get both sets at the same time, use
0825    * ULOC_AVAILABLE_WITH_LEGACY_ALIASES.
0826    *
0827    * @stable ICU 65
0828    */
0829   ULOC_AVAILABLE_ONLY_LEGACY_ALIASES,
0830 
0831   /**
0832    * The union of the locales in ULOC_AVAILABLE_DEFAULT and
0833    * ULOC_AVAILABLE_ONLY_LEGACY_ALIAS.
0834    *
0835    * @stable ICU 65
0836    */
0837   ULOC_AVAILABLE_WITH_LEGACY_ALIASES,
0838 
0839 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
0840   /**
0841    * @internal
0842    */
0843   ULOC_AVAILABLE_COUNT
0844 #endif  /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
0845 } ULocAvailableType;
0846 
0847 /**
0848  * Gets a list of available locales according to the type argument, allowing
0849  * the user to access different sets of supported locales in ICU.
0850  *
0851  * The returned UEnumeration must be closed by the caller.
0852  *
0853  * @param type Type choice from ULocAvailableType.
0854  * @param status Set if an error occurred.
0855  * @return a UEnumeration owned by the caller, or nullptr on failure.
0856  * @stable ICU 65
0857  */
0858 U_CAPI UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
0859 uloc_openAvailableByType(ULocAvailableType type, UErrorCode* status);
0860 
0861 /**
0862  *
0863  * Gets a list of all available 2-letter language codes defined in ISO 639,
0864  * plus additional 3-letter codes determined to be useful for locale generation as
0865  * defined by Unicode CLDR. This is a pointer
0866  * to an array of pointers to arrays of char.  All of these pointers are owned
0867  * by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them.  The array is
0868  * terminated with a null pointer.
0869  * @return a list of all available language codes
0870  * @stable ICU 2.0
0871  */
0872 U_CAPI const char* const* U_EXPORT2
0873 uloc_getISOLanguages(void);
0874 
0875 /**
0876  *
0877  * Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 639.  This is a
0878  * pointer to an array of pointers to arrays of char.  All of these pointers are
0879  * owned by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them.  The array is
0880  * terminated with a null pointer.
0881  * @return a list of all available country codes
0882  * @stable ICU 2.0
0883  */
0884 U_CAPI const char* const* U_EXPORT2
0885 uloc_getISOCountries(void);
0886 
0887 /**
0888  * Truncate the locale ID string to get the parent locale ID.
0889  * Copies the part of the string before the last underscore.
0890  * The parent locale ID will be an empty string if there is no
0891  * underscore, or if there is only one underscore at localeID[0].
0892  *
0893  * @param localeID Input locale ID string.
0894  * @param parent   Output string buffer for the parent locale ID.
0895  * @param parentCapacity Size of the output buffer.
0896  * @param err A UErrorCode value.
0897  * @return The length of the parent locale ID.
0898  * @stable ICU 2.0
0899  */
0900 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0901 uloc_getParent(const char*    localeID,
0902                  char* parent,
0903                  int32_t parentCapacity,
0904                  UErrorCode* err);
0905 
0906 
0907 
0908 
0909 /**
0910  * Gets the full name for the specified locale, like uloc_getName(),
0911  * but without keywords.
0912  *
0913  * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the string to
0914  * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed,
0915  * and if the components were in 'POSIX' format they are changed to
0916  * ICU format.  It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
0917  * See the top of this header file.
0918  *
0919  * This API strips off the keyword part, so "de_DE\@collation=phonebook" 
0920  * will become "de_DE". 
0921  * This API supports preflighting.
0922  *
0923  * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
0924  * @param name fill in buffer for the name without keywords.
0925  * @param nameCapacity capacity of the fill in buffer.
0926  * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
0927  * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
0928  * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
0929  * @stable ICU 2.8
0930  */
0931 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0932 uloc_getBaseName(const char*    localeID,
0933          char* name,
0934          int32_t nameCapacity,
0935          UErrorCode* err);
0936 
0937 /**
0938  * Gets an enumeration of keywords for the specified locale. Enumeration
0939  * must get disposed of by the client using uenum_close function.
0940  *
0941  * @param localeID the locale to get the variant code with
0942  * @param status error information if retrieving the keywords failed
0943  * @return enumeration of keywords or NULL if there are no keywords.
0944  * @stable ICU 2.8
0945  */
0946 U_CAPI UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
0947 uloc_openKeywords(const char* localeID,
0948                         UErrorCode* status);
0949 
0950 /**
0951  * Get the value for a keyword. Locale name does not need to be normalized.
0952  * 
0953  * @param localeID locale name containing the keyword ("de_DE@currency=EURO;collation=PHONEBOOK")
0954  * @param keywordName name of the keyword for which we want the value; must not be
0955  *  NULL or empty, and must consist only of [A-Za-z0-9]. Case insensitive.
0956  * @param buffer receiving buffer
0957  * @param bufferCapacity capacity of receiving buffer
0958  * @param status containing error code: e.g. buffer not big enough or ill-formed localeID
0959  *  or keywordName parameters.
0960  * @return the length of keyword value
0961  * @stable ICU 2.8
0962  */
0963 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
0964 uloc_getKeywordValue(const char* localeID,
0965                      const char* keywordName,
0966                      char* buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity,
0967                      UErrorCode* status);
0968 
0969 
0970 /**
0971  * Sets or removes the value of the specified keyword.
0972  *
0973  * For removing all keywords, use uloc_getBaseName().
0974  *
0975  * NOTE: Unlike almost every other ICU function which takes a
0976  * buffer, this function will NOT truncate the output text, and will
0977  * not update the buffer with unterminated text setting a status of
0978  * U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING. If a BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR is received,
0979  * it means a terminated version of the updated locale ID would not fit
0980  * in the buffer, and the original buffer is untouched. This is done to
0981  * prevent incorrect or possibly even malformed locales from being generated
0982  * and used.
0983  *
0984  * @param keywordName name of the keyword to be set; must not be
0985  *  NULL or empty, and must consist only of [A-Za-z0-9]. Case insensitive.
0986  * @param keywordValue value of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or
0987  *  NULL, will result in the keyword being removed; no error is given if 
0988  *  that keyword does not exist. Otherwise, must consist only of
0989  *  [A-Za-z0-9] and [/_+-].
0990  * @param buffer input buffer containing well-formed locale ID to be
0991  *  modified.
0992  * @param bufferCapacity capacity of receiving buffer
0993  * @param status containing error code: e.g. buffer not big enough
0994  *  or ill-formed keywordName or keywordValue parameters, or ill-formed
0995  *  locale ID in buffer on input.
0996  * @return the length needed for the buffer
0997  * @see uloc_getKeywordValue
0998  * @stable ICU 3.2
0999  */
1000 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1001 uloc_setKeywordValue(const char* keywordName,
1002                      const char* keywordValue,
1003                      char* buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity,
1004                      UErrorCode* status);
1005 
1006 /**
1007  * Returns whether the locale's script is written right-to-left.
1008  * If there is no script subtag, then the likely script is used, see uloc_addLikelySubtags().
1009  * If no likely script is known, then false is returned.
1010  *
1011  * A script is right-to-left according to the CLDR script metadata
1012  * which corresponds to whether the script's letters have Bidi_Class=R or AL.
1013  *
1014  * Returns true for "ar" and "en-Hebr", false for "zh" and "fa-Cyrl".
1015  *
1016  * @param locale input locale ID
1017  * @return true if the locale's script is written right-to-left
1018  * @stable ICU 54
1019  */
1020 U_CAPI UBool U_EXPORT2
1021 uloc_isRightToLeft(const char *locale);
1022 
1023 /**
1024  * enums for the  return value for the character and line orientation
1025  * functions.
1026  * @stable ICU 4.0
1027  */
1028 typedef enum {
1029   ULOC_LAYOUT_LTR   = 0,  /* left-to-right. */
1030   ULOC_LAYOUT_RTL    = 1,  /* right-to-left. */
1031   ULOC_LAYOUT_TTB    = 2,  /* top-to-bottom. */
1032   ULOC_LAYOUT_BTT    = 3,   /* bottom-to-top. */
1033   ULOC_LAYOUT_UNKNOWN
1034 } ULayoutType;
1035 
1036 /**
1037  * Get the layout character orientation for the specified locale.
1038  * 
1039  * @param localeId locale name
1040  * @param status Error status
1041  * @return an enum indicating the layout orientation for characters.
1042  * @stable ICU 4.0
1043  */
1044 U_CAPI ULayoutType U_EXPORT2
1045 uloc_getCharacterOrientation(const char* localeId,
1046                              UErrorCode *status);
1047 
1048 /**
1049  * Get the layout line orientation for the specified locale.
1050  * 
1051  * @param localeId locale name
1052  * @param status Error status
1053  * @return an enum indicating the layout orientation for lines.
1054  * @stable ICU 4.0
1055  */
1056 U_CAPI ULayoutType U_EXPORT2
1057 uloc_getLineOrientation(const char* localeId,
1058                         UErrorCode *status);
1059 
1060 /**
1061  * Output values which uloc_acceptLanguage() writes to the 'outResult' parameter.
1062  *
1063  * @see uloc_acceptLanguageFromHTTP
1064  * @see uloc_acceptLanguage
1065  * @stable ICU 3.2
1066  */
1067 typedef enum {
1068     /**
1069      * No exact match was found.
1070      * @stable ICU 3.2
1071      */
1072     ULOC_ACCEPT_FAILED   = 0,
1073     /**
1074      * An exact match was found.
1075      * @stable ICU 3.2
1076      */
1077     ULOC_ACCEPT_VALID    = 1,
1078     /**
1079      * A fallback was found. For example, the Accept-Language list includes 'ja_JP'
1080      * and is matched with available locale 'ja'.
1081      * @stable ICU 3.2
1082      */
1083     ULOC_ACCEPT_FALLBACK = 2   /*  */
1084 } UAcceptResult;
1085 
1086 /**
1087  * Based on a HTTP header from a web browser and a list of available locales,
1088  * determine an acceptable locale for the user.
1089  *
1090  * This is a thin wrapper over C++ class LocaleMatcher.
1091  *
1092  * @param result - buffer to accept the result locale
1093  * @param resultAvailable the size of the result buffer.
1094  * @param outResult - An out parameter that contains the fallback status
1095  * @param httpAcceptLanguage - "Accept-Language:" header as per HTTP.
1096  * @param availableLocales - list of available locales to match
1097  * @param status ICU error code. Its input value must pass the U_SUCCESS() test,
1098  *               or else the function returns immediately. Check for U_FAILURE()
1099  *               on output or use with function chaining. (See User Guide for details.)
1100  * @return length needed for the locale.
1101  * @stable ICU 3.2
1102  */
1103 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1104 uloc_acceptLanguageFromHTTP(char *result, int32_t resultAvailable,
1105                             UAcceptResult *outResult,
1106                             const char *httpAcceptLanguage,
1107                             UEnumeration* availableLocales,
1108                             UErrorCode *status);
1109 
1110 /**
1111  * Based on a list of available locales,
1112  * determine an acceptable locale for the user.
1113  *
1114  * This is a thin wrapper over C++ class LocaleMatcher.
1115  *
1116  * @param result - buffer to accept the result locale
1117  * @param resultAvailable the size of the result buffer.
1118  * @param outResult - An out parameter that contains the fallback status
1119  * @param acceptList - list of acceptable languages
1120  * @param acceptListCount - count of acceptList items
1121  * @param availableLocales - list of available locales to match
1122  * @param status ICU error code. Its input value must pass the U_SUCCESS() test,
1123  *               or else the function returns immediately. Check for U_FAILURE()
1124  *               on output or use with function chaining. (See User Guide for details.)
1125  * @return length needed for the locale.
1126  * @stable ICU 3.2
1127  */
1128 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1129 uloc_acceptLanguage(char *result, int32_t resultAvailable, 
1130                     UAcceptResult *outResult, const char **acceptList,
1131                     int32_t acceptListCount,
1132                     UEnumeration* availableLocales,
1133                     UErrorCode *status);
1134 
1135 
1136 /**
1137  * Gets the ICU locale ID for the specified Win32 LCID value.
1138  *
1139  * @param hostID the Win32 LCID to translate
1140  * @param locale the output buffer for the ICU locale ID, which will be NUL-terminated
1141  *  if there is room.
1142  * @param localeCapacity the size of the output buffer
1143  * @param status an error is returned if the LCID is unrecognized or the output buffer
1144  *  is too small
1145  * @return actual the actual size of the locale ID, not including NUL-termination 
1146  * @stable ICU 3.8
1147  */
1148 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1149 uloc_getLocaleForLCID(uint32_t hostID, char *locale, int32_t localeCapacity,
1150                     UErrorCode *status);
1151 
1152 
1153 /**
1154  * Add the likely subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described
1155  * in the following CLDR technical report:
1156  *
1157  *   http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags
1158  *
1159  * If localeID is already in the maximal form, or there is no data available
1160  * for maximization, it will be copied to the output buffer.  For example,
1161  * "und-Zzzz" cannot be maximized, since there is no reasonable maximization.
1162  *
1163  * Examples:
1164  *
1165  * "en" maximizes to "en_Latn_US"
1166  *
1167  * "de" maximizes to "de_Latn_US"
1168  *
1169  * "sr" maximizes to "sr_Cyrl_RS"
1170  *
1171  * "sh" maximizes to "sr_Latn_RS" (Note this will not reverse.)
1172  *
1173  * "zh_Hani" maximizes to "zh_Hans_CN" (Note this will not reverse.)
1174  *
1175  * @param localeID The locale to maximize
1176  * @param maximizedLocaleID The maximized locale
1177  * @param maximizedLocaleIDCapacity The capacity of the maximizedLocaleID buffer
1178  * @param err Error information if maximizing the locale failed.  If the length
1179  * of the localeID and the null-terminator is greater than the maximum allowed size,
1180  * or the localeId is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
1181  * @return The actual buffer size needed for the maximized locale.  If it's
1182  * greater than maximizedLocaleIDCapacity, the returned ID will be truncated.
1183  * On error, the return value is -1.
1184  * @stable ICU 4.0
1185  */
1186 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1187 uloc_addLikelySubtags(const char*    localeID,
1188          char* maximizedLocaleID,
1189          int32_t maximizedLocaleIDCapacity,
1190          UErrorCode* err);
1191 
1192 
1193 /**
1194  * Minimize the subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described
1195  * in the following CLDR technical report:
1196  *
1197  *   http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags
1198  *
1199  * If localeID is already in the minimal form, or there is no data available
1200  * for minimization, it will be copied to the output buffer.  Since the
1201  * minimization algorithm relies on proper maximization, see the comments
1202  * for uloc_addLikelySubtags for reasons why there might not be any data.
1203  *
1204  * Examples:
1205  *
1206  * "en_Latn_US" minimizes to "en"
1207  *
1208  * "de_Latn_US" minimizes to "de"
1209  *
1210  * "sr_Cyrl_RS" minimizes to "sr"
1211  *
1212  * "zh_Hant_TW" minimizes to "zh_TW" (The region is preferred to the
1213  * script, and minimizing to "zh" would imply "zh_Hans_CN".)
1214  *
1215  * @param localeID The locale to minimize
1216  * @param minimizedLocaleID The minimized locale
1217  * @param minimizedLocaleIDCapacity The capacity of the minimizedLocaleID buffer
1218  * @param err Error information if minimizing the locale failed.  If the length
1219  * of the localeID and the null-terminator is greater than the maximum allowed size,
1220  * or the localeId is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
1221  * @return The actual buffer size needed for the minimized locale.  If it's
1222  * greater than minimizedLocaleIDCapacity, the returned ID will be truncated.
1223  * On error, the return value is -1.
1224  * @stable ICU 4.0
1225  */
1226 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1227 uloc_minimizeSubtags(const char*    localeID,
1228          char* minimizedLocaleID,
1229          int32_t minimizedLocaleIDCapacity,
1230          UErrorCode* err);
1231 
1232 /**
1233  * Returns a locale ID for the specified BCP47 language tag string.
1234  * If the specified language tag contains any ill-formed subtags,
1235  * the first such subtag and all following subtags are ignored.
1236  * <p>
1237  * This implements the 'Language-Tag' production of BCP 47, and so
1238  * supports legacy language tags (marked as “Type: grandfathered” in BCP 47)
1239  * (regular and irregular) as well as private use language tags.
1240  *
1241  * Private use tags are represented as 'x-whatever',
1242  * and legacy tags are converted to their canonical replacements where they exist.
1243  *
1244  * Note that a few legacy tags have no modern replacement;
1245  * these will be converted using the fallback described in
1246  * the first paragraph, so some information might be lost.
1247  *
1248  * @param langtag   the input BCP47 language tag.
1249  * @param localeID  the output buffer receiving a locale ID for the
1250  *                  specified BCP47 language tag.
1251  * @param localeIDCapacity  the size of the locale ID output buffer.
1252  * @param parsedLength  if not NULL, successfully parsed length
1253  *                      for the input language tag is set.
1254  * @param err       error information if receiving the locald ID
1255  *                  failed.
1256  * @return          the length of the locale ID.
1257  * @stable ICU 4.2
1258  */
1259 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1260 uloc_forLanguageTag(const char* langtag,
1261                     char* localeID,
1262                     int32_t localeIDCapacity,
1263                     int32_t* parsedLength,
1264                     UErrorCode* err);
1265 
1266 /**
1267  * Returns a well-formed language tag for this locale ID. 
1268  * <p> 
1269  * <b>Note</b>: When <code>strict</code> is false, any locale
1270  * fields which do not satisfy the BCP47 syntax requirement will
1271  * be omitted from the result.  When <code>strict</code> is
1272  * true, this function sets U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR to the
1273  * <code>err</code> if any locale fields do not satisfy the
1274  * BCP47 syntax requirement.
1275  * @param localeID  the input locale ID
1276  * @param langtag   the output buffer receiving BCP47 language
1277  *                  tag for the locale ID.
1278  * @param langtagCapacity   the size of the BCP47 language tag
1279  *                          output buffer.
1280  * @param strict    boolean value indicating if the function returns
1281  *                  an error for an ill-formed input locale ID.
1282  * @param err       error information if receiving the language
1283  *                  tag failed.
1284  * @return          The length of the BCP47 language tag.
1285  * @stable ICU 4.2
1286  */
1287 U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
1288 uloc_toLanguageTag(const char* localeID,
1289                    char* langtag,
1290                    int32_t langtagCapacity,
1291                    UBool strict,
1292                    UErrorCode* err);
1293 
1294 /**
1295  * Converts the specified keyword (legacy key, or BCP 47 Unicode locale
1296  * extension key) to the equivalent BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key.
1297  * For example, BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key "co" is returned for
1298  * the input keyword "collation".
1299  * <p>
1300  * When the specified keyword is unknown, but satisfies the BCP syntax,
1301  * then the pointer to the input keyword itself will be returned.
1302  * For example,
1303  * <code>uloc_toUnicodeLocaleKey("ZZ")</code> returns "ZZ".
1304  * 
1305  * @param keyword       the input locale keyword (either legacy key
1306  *                      such as "collation" or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension
1307  *                      key such as "co").
1308  * @return              the well-formed BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key,
1309  *                      or NULL if the specified locale keyword cannot be
1310  *                      mapped to a well-formed BCP 47 Unicode locale extension
1311  *                      key. 
1312  * @see uloc_toLegacyKey
1313  * @stable ICU 54
1314  */
1315 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
1316 uloc_toUnicodeLocaleKey(const char* keyword);
1317 
1318 /**
1319  * Converts the specified keyword value (legacy type, or BCP 47
1320  * Unicode locale extension type) to the well-formed BCP 47 Unicode locale
1321  * extension type for the specified keyword (category). For example, BCP 47
1322  * Unicode locale extension type "phonebk" is returned for the input
1323  * keyword value "phonebook", with the keyword "collation" (or "co").
1324  * <p>
1325  * When the specified keyword is not recognized, but the specified value
1326  * satisfies the syntax of the BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type,
1327  * or when the specified keyword allows 'variable' type and the specified
1328  * value satisfies the syntax,  then the pointer to the input type value itself
1329  * will be returned.
1330  * For example,
1331  * <code>uloc_toUnicodeLocaleType("Foo", "Bar")</code> returns "Bar",
1332  * <code>uloc_toUnicodeLocaleType("variableTop", "00A4")</code> returns "00A4".
1333  * 
1334  * @param keyword       the locale keyword (either legacy key such as
1335  *                      "collation" or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension
1336  *                      key such as "co").
1337  * @param value         the locale keyword value (either legacy type
1338  *                      such as "phonebook" or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension
1339  *                      type such as "phonebk").
1340  * @return              the well-formed BCP47 Unicode locale extension type,
1341  *                      or NULL if the locale keyword value cannot be mapped to
1342  *                      a well-formed BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type.
1343  * @see uloc_toLegacyType
1344  * @stable ICU 54
1345  */
1346 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
1347 uloc_toUnicodeLocaleType(const char* keyword, const char* value);
1348 
1349 /**
1350  * Converts the specified keyword (BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key, or
1351  * legacy key) to the legacy key. For example, legacy key "collation" is
1352  * returned for the input BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key "co".
1353  * 
1354  * @param keyword       the input locale keyword (either BCP 47 Unicode locale
1355  *                      extension key or legacy key).
1356  * @return              the well-formed legacy key, or NULL if the specified
1357  *                      keyword cannot be mapped to a well-formed legacy key.
1358  * @see toUnicodeLocaleKey
1359  * @stable ICU 54
1360  */
1361 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
1362 uloc_toLegacyKey(const char* keyword);
1363 
1364 /**
1365  * Converts the specified keyword value (BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type,
1366  * or legacy type or type alias) to the canonical legacy type. For example,
1367  * the legacy type "phonebook" is returned for the input BCP 47 Unicode
1368  * locale extension type "phonebk" with the keyword "collation" (or "co").
1369  * <p>
1370  * When the specified keyword is not recognized, but the specified value
1371  * satisfies the syntax of legacy key, or when the specified keyword
1372  * allows 'variable' type and the specified value satisfies the syntax,
1373  * then the pointer to the input type value itself will be returned.
1374  * For example,
1375  * <code>uloc_toLegacyType("Foo", "Bar")</code> returns "Bar",
1376  * <code>uloc_toLegacyType("vt", "00A4")</code> returns "00A4".
1377  *
1378  * @param keyword       the locale keyword (either legacy keyword such as
1379  *                      "collation" or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension
1380  *                      key such as "co").
1381  * @param value         the locale keyword value (either BCP 47 Unicode locale
1382  *                      extension type such as "phonebk" or legacy keyword value
1383  *                      such as "phonebook").
1384  * @return              the well-formed legacy type, or NULL if the specified
1385  *                      keyword value cannot be mapped to a well-formed legacy
1386  *                      type.
1387  * @see toUnicodeLocaleType
1388  * @stable ICU 54
1389  */
1390 U_CAPI const char* U_EXPORT2
1391 uloc_toLegacyType(const char* keyword, const char* value);
1392 
1393 #endif /*_ULOC*/