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0001 // Copyright (c) 2016 Klemens D. Morgenstern
0002 //
0003 // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
0004 // file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
0005 
0006 #ifndef BOOST_PROCESS_EXTENSIONS_HPP_
0007 #define BOOST_PROCESS_EXTENSIONS_HPP_
0008 
0009 #include <boost/process/detail/handler.hpp>
0010 #include <boost/process/detail/used_handles.hpp>
0011 #include <memory>
0012 
0013 #if defined(BOOST_WINDOWS_API)
0014 #include <boost/process/detail/windows/executor.hpp>
0015 #include <boost/process/detail/windows/async_handler.hpp>
0016 #include <boost/process/detail/windows/asio_fwd.hpp>
0017 #else
0018 #include <boost/process/detail/posix/executor.hpp>
0019 #include <boost/process/detail/posix/async_handler.hpp>
0020 #include <boost/process/detail/posix/asio_fwd.hpp>
0021 #endif
0022 
0023 
0024 /** \file boost/process/extend.hpp
0025  *
0026  * This header which provides the types and functions provided for custom extensions.
0027  *
0028  * \xmlonly
0029    Please refer to the <link linkend="boost_process.extend">tutorial</link> for more details.
0030    \endxmlonly
0031  */
0032 
0033 
0034 namespace boost {
0035 namespace process {
0036 namespace detail {
0037 template<typename Tuple>
0038 inline asio::io_context& get_io_context(const Tuple & tup);
0039 }
0040 
0041 
0042 ///Namespace for extensions \attention This is experimental.
0043 namespace extend {
0044 
0045 #if defined(BOOST_WINDOWS_API)
0046 
0047 template<typename Char, typename Sequence>
0048 using windows_executor = ::boost::process::detail::windows::executor<Char, Sequence>;
0049 template<typename Sequence>
0050 struct posix_executor;
0051 
0052 #elif defined(BOOST_POSIX_API)
0053 
0054 template<typename Sequence>
0055 using posix_executor = ::boost::process::detail::posix::executor<Sequence>;
0056 template<typename Char, typename Sequence>
0057 struct windows_executor;
0058 
0059 #endif
0060 
0061 using ::boost::process::detail::handler;
0062 using ::boost::process::detail::api::require_io_context;
0063 using ::boost::process::detail::api::async_handler;
0064 using ::boost::process::detail::get_io_context;
0065 using ::boost::process::detail::get_last_error;
0066 using ::boost::process::detail::throw_last_error;
0067 using ::boost::process::detail::uses_handles;
0068 using ::boost::process::detail::foreach_used_handle;
0069 using ::boost::process::detail::get_used_handles;
0070 
0071 ///This handler is invoked before the process in launched, to setup parameters. The required signature is `void(Exec &)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter.
0072 constexpr boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<boost::process::detail::on_setup_>   on_setup;
0073 ///This handler is invoked if an error occurred. The required signature is `void(auto & exec, const std::error_code&)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter.
0074 constexpr boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<boost::process::detail::on_error_>   on_error;
0075 ///This handler is invoked if launching the process has succeeded. The required signature is `void(auto & exec)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter.
0076 constexpr boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<boost::process::detail::on_success_> on_success;
0077 
0078 #if defined(BOOST_POSIX_API) || defined(BOOST_PROCESS_DOXYGEN)
0079 ///This handler is invoked if the fork failed. The required signature is `void(auto & exec)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter. \note Only available on posix.
0080 constexpr ::boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<::boost::process::detail::posix::on_fork_error_  >   on_fork_error;
0081 ///This handler is invoked if the fork succeeded. The required signature is `void(Exec &)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter. \note Only available on posix.
0082 constexpr ::boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<::boost::process::detail::posix::on_exec_setup_  >   on_exec_setup;
0083 ///This handler is invoked if the exec call errored. The required signature is `void(auto & exec)`, where `Exec` is a template parameter. \note Only available on posix.
0084 constexpr ::boost::process::detail::make_handler_t<::boost::process::detail::posix::on_exec_error_  >   on_exec_error;
0085 #endif
0086 
0087 #if defined(BOOST_PROCESS_DOXYGEN)
0088 ///Helper function to get the last error code system-independent
0089 inline std::error_code get_last_error();
0090 
0091 ///Helper function to get and throw the last system error.
0092 /// \throws boost::process::process_error
0093 /// \param msg A message to add to the error code.
0094 inline void throw_last_error(const std::string & msg);
0095 ///\overload void throw_last_error(const std::string & msg)
0096 inline void throw_last_error();
0097 
0098 
0099 /** This function gets the io_context from the initializer sequence.
0100  *
0101  * \attention Yields a compile-time error if no `io_context` is provided.
0102  * \param seq The Sequence of the initializer.
0103  */
0104 template<typename Sequence>
0105 inline asio::io_context& get_io_context(const Sequence & seq);
0106 
0107 /** This class is the base for every initializer, to be used for extensions.
0108  *
0109  *  The usage is done through compile-time polymorphism, so that the required
0110  *  functions can be overloaded.
0111  *
0112  * \note None of the function need to be `const`.
0113  *
0114  */
0115 struct handler
0116 {
0117     ///This function is invoked before the process launch. \note It is not required to be const.
0118     template <class Executor>
0119     void on_setup(Executor&) const {}
0120 
0121     /** This function is invoked if an error occured while trying to launch the process.
0122      * \note It is not required to be const.
0123      */
0124     template <class Executor>
0125     void on_error(Executor&, const std::error_code &) const {}
0126 
0127     /** This function is invoked if the process was successfully launched.
0128      * \note It is not required to be const.
0129      */
0130     template <class Executor>
0131     void on_success(Executor&) const {}
0132 
0133     /**This function is invoked if an error occured during the call of `fork`.
0134      * \note This function will only be called on posix.
0135      */
0136     template<typename Executor>
0137     void on_fork_error  (Executor &, const std::error_code&) const {}
0138 
0139     /**This function is invoked if the call of `fork` was successful, before
0140      * calling `execve`.
0141      * \note This function will only be called on posix.
0142      * \attention It will be invoked from the new process.
0143      */
0144     template<typename Executor>
0145     void on_exec_setup  (Executor &) const {}
0146 
0147     /**This function is invoked if the call of `execve` failed.
0148      * \note This function will only be called on posix.
0149      * \attention It will be invoked from the new process.
0150      */
0151     template<typename Executor>
0152     void on_exec_error  (Executor &, const std::error_code&) const {}
0153 
0154 };
0155 
0156 
0157 /** Inheriting the class will tell the launching process that an `io_context` is
0158  * needed. This should always be used when \ref get_io_context is used.
0159  *
0160  */
0161 struct require_io_context {};
0162 /** Inheriting this class will tell the launching function, that an event handler
0163  * shall be invoked when the process exits. This automatically does also inherit
0164  * \ref require_io_context.
0165  *
0166  * You must add the following function to your implementation:
0167  *
0168  \code{.cpp}
0169 template<typename Executor>
0170 std::function<void(int, const std::error_code&)> on_exit_handler(Executor & exec)
0171 {
0172     auto handler_ = this->handler;
0173     return [handler_](int exit_code, const std::error_code & ec)
0174            {
0175                 handler_(static_cast<int>(exit_code), ec);
0176            };
0177 
0178 }
0179  \endcode
0180 
0181  The callback will be obtained by calling this function on setup and it will be
0182  invoked when the process exits.
0183 
0184  *
0185  * \warning Cannot be used with \ref boost::process::spawn
0186  */
0187 struct async_handler : handler, require_io_context
0188 {
0189 
0190 };
0191 
0192 ///The posix executor type.
0193 /** This type represents the posix executor and can be used for overloading in a custom handler.
0194  * \note It is an alias for the implementation on posix, and a forward-declaration on windows.
0195  *
0196  * \tparam Sequence The used initializer-sequence, it is fulfills the boost.fusion [sequence](http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/master/libs/fusion/doc/html/fusion/sequence.html) concept.
0197 
0198 
0199 \xmlonly
0200 As information for extension development, here is the structure of the process launching (in pseudo-code and uml)
0201 <xi:include href="posix_pseudocode.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
0202 
0203 <mediaobject>
0204 <caption>
0205 <para>The sequence if when no error occurs.</para>
0206 </caption>
0207 <imageobject>
0208 <imagedata fileref="boost_process/posix_success.svg"/>
0209 </imageobject>
0210 </mediaobject>
0211 
0212 <mediaobject>
0213 <caption>
0214 <para>The sequence if the execution fails.</para>
0215 </caption>
0216 <imageobject>
0217 <imagedata fileref="boost_process/posix_exec_err.svg"/>
0218 </imageobject>
0219 </mediaobject>
0220 
0221 <mediaobject>
0222 <caption>
0223 <para>The sequence if the fork fails.</para>
0224 </caption>
0225 <imageobject>
0226 <imagedata fileref="boost_process/posix_fork_err.svg"/>
0227 </imageobject>
0228 </mediaobject>
0229 
0230 \endxmlonly
0231 
0232 
0233 \note Error handling if execve fails is done through a pipe, unless \ref ignore_error is used.
0234 
0235  */
0236 template<typename Sequence>
0237 struct posix_executor
0238 {
0239     ///A reference to the actual initializer-sequence
0240      Sequence & seq;
0241     ///A pointer to the name of the executable.
0242      const char * exe      = nullptr;
0243      ///A pointer to the argument-vector.
0244      char *const* cmd_line = nullptr;
0245      ///A pointer to the environment variables, as default it is set to [environ](http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap08.html)
0246      char **env      = ::environ;
0247      ///The pid of the process - it will be -1 before invoking [fork](http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fork.html), and after forking either 0 for the new process or a positive value if in the current process. */
0248      pid_t pid = -1;
0249      ///This shared-pointer holds the exit code. It's done this way, so it can be shared between an `asio::io_context` and \ref child.
0250      std::shared_ptr<std::atomic<int>> exit_status = std::make_shared<std::atomic<int>>(still_active);
0251 
0252      ///This function returns a const reference to the error state of the executor.
0253      const std::error_code & error() const;
0254 
0255      ///This function can be used to report an error to the executor. This will be handled according to the configuration of the executor, i.e. it
0256      /// might throw an exception. \note This is the required way to handle errors in initializers.
0257      void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const std::string &msg);
0258      ///\overload void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const std::string &msg);
0259      void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const char* msg);
0260 };
0261 
0262 ///The windows executor type.
0263 /** This type represents the posix executor and can be used for overloading in a custom handler.
0264  *
0265  * \note It is an alias for the implementation on posix, and a forward-declaration on windows.
0266  * \tparam Sequence The used initializer-sequence, it is fulfills the boost.fusion [sequence](http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/master/libs/fusion/doc/html/fusion/sequence.html) concept.
0267  * \tparam Char The used char-type, either `char` or `wchar_t`.
0268  *
0269 
0270 \xmlonly
0271 As information for extension development, here is the structure of the process launching (in pseudo-code and uml)<xi:include href="windows_pseudocode.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
0272 <mediaobject>
0273 <caption>
0274 <para>The sequence for windows process creation.</para>
0275 </caption>
0276 <imageobject>
0277 <imagedata fileref="boost_process/windows_exec.svg"/>
0278 </imageobject>
0279 </mediaobject>
0280 \endxmlonly
0281 
0282  */
0283 
0284 template<typename Char, typename Sequence>
0285 struct windows_executor
0286 {
0287     ///A reference to the actual initializer-sequence
0288      Sequence & seq;
0289 
0290      ///A pointer to the name of the executable. It's null by default.
0291      const Char * exe      = nullptr;
0292      ///A pointer to the argument-vector. Must be set by some initializer.
0293      char  Char* cmd_line = nullptr;
0294      ///A pointer to the environment variables. It's null by default.
0295      char  Char* env      = nullptr;
0296      ///A pointer to the working directory. It's null by default.
0297      const Char * work_dir = nullptr;
0298 
0299      ///A pointer to the process-attributes of type [SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379560.aspx). It's null by default.
0300      ::boost::detail::winapi::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES_ proc_attrs   = nullptr;
0301      ///A pointer to the thread-attributes of type [SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379560.aspx). It' null by default.
0302      ::boost::detail::winapi::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES_ thread_attrs = nullptr;
0303      ///A logical bool value setting whether handles shall be inherited or not.
0304      ::boost::detail::winapi::BOOL_ inherit_handles = false;
0305 
0306      ///The element holding the process-information after process creation. The type is [PROCESS_INFORMATION](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684873.aspx)
0307      ::boost::detail::winapi::PROCESS_INFORMATION_ proc_info{nullptr, nullptr, 0,0};
0308 
0309 
0310      ///This shared-pointer holds the exit code. It's done this way, so it can be shared between an `asio::io_context` and \ref child.
0311      std::shared_ptr<std::atomic<int>> exit_status = std::make_shared<std::atomic<int>>(still_active);
0312 
0313      ///This function returns a const reference to the error state of the executor.
0314      const std::error_code & error() const;
0315 
0316      ///This function can be used to report an error to the executor. This will be handled according to the configuration of the executor, i.e. it
0317      /// might throw an exception. \note This is the required way to handle errors in initializers.
0318      void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const std::string &msg);
0319      ///\overload void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const std::string &msg);
0320      void set_error(const std::error_code &ec, const char* msg);
0321 
0322      ///The creation flags of the process
0323     ::boost::detail::winapi::DWORD_ creation_flags;
0324     ///The type of the [startup-info](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686331.aspx), depending on the char-type.
0325     typedef typename detail::startup_info<Char>::type    startup_info_t;
0326     ///The type of the [extended startup-info](https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/windows/desktop/ms686329.aspx), depending the char-type; only defined with winapi-version equal or higher than 6.
0327     typedef typename detail::startup_info_ex<Char>::type startup_info_ex_t;
0328     ///This function switches the information, so that the extended structure is used. \note It's only defined with winapi-version equal or higher than 6.
0329     void set_startup_info_ex();
0330     ///This element is an instance or a reference (if \ref startup_info_ex exists) to the [startup-info](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686331.aspx) for the process.
0331     startup_info_t startup_info;
0332     ///This element is the instance of the  [extended startup-info](https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/windows/desktop/ms686329.aspx). It is only available with a winapi-version equal or highter than 6.
0333     startup_info_ex_t  startup_info_ex;
0334 };
0335 
0336 
0337 
0338 #endif
0339 
0340 }
0341 }
0342 }
0343 
0344 #endif