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0001 // 0002 // ******************************************************************** 0003 // * License and Disclaimer * 0004 // * * 0005 // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of * 0006 // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and * 0007 // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file * 0008 // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These * 0009 // * include a list of copyright holders. * 0010 // * * 0011 // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing * 0012 // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this * 0013 // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, * 0014 // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its * 0015 // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * 0016 // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * 0017 // * * 0018 // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * 0019 // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * 0020 // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * 0021 // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * 0022 // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * 0023 // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * 0024 // ******************************************************************** 0025 // 0026 // 0027 // =========================================================================== 0028 // GEANT4 class header file 0029 // 0030 // Class: G4IonParametrisedLossModel 0031 // 0032 // Base class: G4VEmModel (utils) 0033 // 0034 // Author: Anton Lechner (Anton.Lechner@cern.ch) 0035 // 0036 // First implementation: 10. 11. 2008 0037 // 0038 // Modifications: 03. 02. 2009 - Bug fix iterators (AL) 0039 // 11. 03. 2009 - Introduced new table handler(G4IonDEDXHandler) 0040 // and modified method to add/remove tables 0041 // (tables are now built in init. phase), 0042 // Minor bug fix in ComputeDEDXPerVolume (AL) 0043 // 12. 11. 2009 - Added function for switching off scaling 0044 // of heavy ions from ICRU 73 data 0045 // 20. 11. 2009 - Added set-method for energy loss limit (AL) 0046 // 24. 11. 2009 - Bug fix: Range calculation corrected if same 0047 // materials appears with different cuts in diff. 0048 // regions (added UpdateRangeCache function and 0049 // modified BuildRangeVector, ComputeLossForStep 0050 // functions accordingly, added new cache param., 0051 // changed typdef of IonMatCouple). 0052 // - Removed GetRange function (AL) 0053 // 0054 // Class description: 0055 // Model for computing the energy loss of ions by employing a 0056 // parameterisation of dE/dx tables (default ICRU 73 tables). For 0057 // ion-material combinations and/or projectile energies not covered 0058 // by this model, the G4BraggIonModel and G4BetheBloch models are 0059 // employed. 0060 // 0061 // Comments: 0062 // 0063 // =========================================================================== 0064 0065 0066 #ifndef G4IONPARAMETRISEDLOSSMODEL_HH 0067 #define G4IONPARAMETRISEDLOSSMODEL_HH 0068 0069 #include <iomanip> 0070 #include <list> 0071 #include <map> 0072 #include <utility> 0073 #include <CLHEP/Units/PhysicalConstants.h> 0074 0075 #include "G4VEmModel.hh" 0076 #include "G4EmCorrections.hh" 0077 #include "G4IonDEDXHandler.hh" 0078 0079 class G4BraggIonModel; 0080 class G4BetheBlochModel; 0081 class G4ParticleChangeForLoss; 0082 class G4VIonDEDXTable; 0083 class G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm; 0084 class G4PhysicsFreeVector; 0085 class G4MaterialCutsCouple; 0086 0087 typedef std::list<G4IonDEDXHandler*> LossTableList; 0088 typedef std::pair<const G4ParticleDefinition*, 0089 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*> IonMatCouple; 0090 0091 class G4IonParametrisedLossModel : public G4VEmModel { 0092 0093 public: 0094 explicit G4IonParametrisedLossModel(const G4ParticleDefinition* particle = nullptr, 0095 const G4String& name = "ParamICRU73"); 0096 0097 virtual ~G4IonParametrisedLossModel(); 0098 0099 void Initialise( 0100 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0101 const G4DataVector&) override; // Cut energies 0102 0103 G4double MinEnergyCut( 0104 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0105 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*) override; 0106 0107 G4double ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom( 0108 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0109 G4double, // Kinetic energy of projectile 0110 G4double, // Atomic number 0111 G4double, // Mass number 0112 G4double, // Energy cut for secondary prod. 0113 G4double) override; // Maximum energy of secondaries 0114 0115 G4double CrossSectionPerVolume( 0116 const G4Material*, // Target material 0117 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0118 G4double, // Kinetic energy 0119 G4double, // Energy cut for secondary prod. 0120 G4double) override; // Maximum energy of secondaries 0121 0122 G4double ComputeDEDXPerVolume( 0123 const G4Material*, // Target material 0124 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0125 G4double, // Kinetic energy of projectile 0126 G4double) override; // Energy cut for secondary prod. 0127 0128 // Function, which computes the continuous energy loss (due to electronic 0129 // stopping) for a given pre-step energy and step length by using 0130 // range vs energy (and energy vs range) tables 0131 G4double ComputeLossForStep( 0132 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*, // Mat-cuts couple 0133 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0134 G4double, // Kinetic energy of projectile 0135 G4double); // Length of current step 0136 0137 // Function, which computes the mean energy transfer rate to delta rays 0138 inline G4double DeltaRayMeanEnergyTransferRate( 0139 const G4Material*, // Target Material 0140 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0141 G4double, // Kinetic energy of projectile 0142 G4double); // Energy cut for secondary prod. 0143 0144 0145 void SampleSecondaries(std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>*, 0146 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*, 0147 const G4DynamicParticle*, 0148 G4double, // Energy cut for secondary prod. 0149 G4double) override; // Maximum energy of secondaries 0150 0151 G4double GetChargeSquareRatio( 0152 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0153 const G4Material*, // Target Material 0154 G4double) override; // Kinetic energy of projectile 0155 0156 G4double GetParticleCharge( 0157 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile 0158 const G4Material*, // Target Material 0159 G4double) override; // Kinetic energy of projectile 0160 0161 void CorrectionsAlongStep( 0162 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*,// Mat.-Cut couple 0163 const G4DynamicParticle*, // Dyn. particle 0164 const G4double&, // Length of current step 0165 G4double&) override; // Energy loss in current step 0166 0167 // Function which allows to add additional stopping power tables 0168 // in combination with a scaling algorithm, which may depend on dynamic 0169 // information like the current particle energy (the table and scaling 0170 // algorithm are used via a handler class, which performs e.g.caching or 0171 // which applies the scaling of energy and dE/dx values) 0172 G4bool AddDEDXTable(const G4String& name, 0173 G4VIonDEDXTable* table, 0174 G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm* algorithm = nullptr); 0175 0176 G4bool RemoveDEDXTable(const G4String& name); 0177 0178 // Function which allows to switch off scaling of stopping powers of heavy 0179 // ions from existing ICRU 73 data 0180 // void DeactivateICRU73Scaling(); 0181 0182 // Function checking the applicability of physics tables to ion-material 0183 // combinations (Note: the energy range of tables is not checked) 0184 inline LossTableList::iterator IsApplicable( 0185 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0186 const G4Material*); // Target material 0187 0188 // Function printing a dE/dx table for a given ion-material combination 0189 // and a specified energy grid 0190 void PrintDEDXTable( 0191 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0192 const G4Material*, // Absorber material 0193 G4double, // Minimum energy per nucleon 0194 G4double, // Maximum energy per nucleon 0195 G4int, // Number of bins 0196 G4bool); // Logarithmic scaling of energy 0197 0198 // Function printing a dE/dx table for a given ion-material combination 0199 // and a specified energy grid 0200 void PrintDEDXTableHandlers( 0201 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0202 const G4Material*, // Absorber material 0203 G4double, // Minimum energy per nucleon 0204 G4double, // Maximum energy per nucleon 0205 G4int, // Number of bins 0206 G4bool); // Logarithmic scaling of energy 0207 0208 // Function for setting energy loss limit for stopping power integration 0209 inline void SetEnergyLossLimit(G4double ionEnergyLossLimit); 0210 0211 protected: 0212 G4double MaxSecondaryEnergy(const G4ParticleDefinition*, 0213 G4double) override; // Kinetic energy of projectile 0214 0215 private: 0216 // Function which updates parameters concerning the dE/dx calculation 0217 // (the parameters are only updated if the particle, the material or 0218 // the associated energy cut has changed) 0219 void UpdateDEDXCache( 0220 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0221 const G4Material*, // Target material 0222 G4double cutEnergy); // Energy cut 0223 0224 // Function which updates parameters concerning the range calculation 0225 // (the parameters are only updated if the particle, the material or 0226 // the associated energy cut has changed) 0227 void UpdateRangeCache( 0228 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0229 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*); // Target material 0230 0231 // Function, which updates parameters concering particle properties 0232 inline void UpdateCache( 0233 const G4ParticleDefinition*); // Projectile (ion) 0234 0235 // Function, which builds range vs energy (and energy vs range) vectors 0236 // for a given particle, material and energy cut 0237 void BuildRangeVector( 0238 const G4ParticleDefinition*, // Projectile (ion) 0239 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*); // Material cuts couple 0240 0241 // Assignment operator and copy constructor are hidden: 0242 G4IonParametrisedLossModel & operator=( 0243 const G4IonParametrisedLossModel &right); 0244 G4IonParametrisedLossModel(const G4IonParametrisedLossModel &); 0245 0246 // ###################################################################### 0247 // # Models and dE/dx tables for computing the energy loss 0248 // # 0249 // ###################################################################### 0250 0251 // G4BraggIonModel and G4BetheBlochModel are used for ion-target 0252 // combinations and/or projectile energies not covered by parametrisations 0253 // adopted by this model: 0254 G4BraggIonModel* braggIonModel; 0255 G4BetheBlochModel* betheBlochModel; 0256 0257 // List of dE/dx tables plugged into the model 0258 LossTableList lossTableList; 0259 0260 // ###################################################################### 0261 // # Maps of Range vs Energy and Energy vs Range vectors 0262 // # 0263 // ###################################################################### 0264 0265 typedef std::map<IonMatCouple, G4PhysicsFreeVector*> RangeEnergyTable; 0266 RangeEnergyTable r; 0267 0268 typedef std::map<IonMatCouple, G4PhysicsFreeVector*> EnergyRangeTable; 0269 EnergyRangeTable E; 0270 0271 // ###################################################################### 0272 // # Energy grid definitions (e.g. used for computing range-energy 0273 // # tables) 0274 // ###################################################################### 0275 0276 G4double lowerEnergyEdgeIntegr; 0277 G4double upperEnergyEdgeIntegr; 0278 0279 size_t nmbBins; 0280 size_t nmbSubBins; 0281 0282 // ###################################################################### 0283 // # Particle change for loss 0284 // # 0285 // ###################################################################### 0286 0287 // Pointer to particle change object, which is used to set e.g. the 0288 // energy loss and secondary delta-electron 0289 // used indicating if model is initialized 0290 G4ParticleChangeForLoss* particleChangeLoss; 0291 0292 // ###################################################################### 0293 // # Corrections and energy loss limit 0294 // # 0295 // ###################################################################### 0296 0297 // Pointer to an G4EmCorrections object, which is used to compute the 0298 // effective ion charge, and other corrections (like high order corrections 0299 // to stopping powers) 0300 G4EmCorrections* corrections; 0301 0302 // Corrections factor for effective charge, computed for each particle 0303 // step 0304 G4double corrFactor; 0305 0306 // Parameter indicating the maximal fraction of kinetic energy, which 0307 // a particle may loose along a step, in order that the simple relation 0308 // (dE/dx)*l can still be applied to compute the energy loss (l = step 0309 // length) 0310 G4double energyLossLimit; 0311 0312 // ###################################################################### 0313 // # Cut energies and properties of generic ion 0314 // # 0315 // ###################################################################### 0316 0317 // Vector containing the current cut energies (the vector index matches 0318 // the material-cuts couple index): 0319 G4DataVector cutEnergies; 0320 0321 // Pointer to generic ion and mass of generic ion 0322 const G4ParticleDefinition* genericIon; 0323 G4double genericIonPDGMass; 0324 0325 // ###################################################################### 0326 // # "Most-recently-used" cache parameters 0327 // # 0328 // ###################################################################### 0329 0330 // Cached key (particle) and value information for a faster 0331 // access of particle-related information 0332 const G4ParticleDefinition* cacheParticle; // Key: Current projectile 0333 G4double cacheMass; // Projectile mass 0334 G4double cacheElecMassRatio; // Electron-mass ratio 0335 G4double cacheChargeSquare; // Charge squared 0336 0337 // Cached parameters needed during range computations: 0338 const G4ParticleDefinition* rangeCacheParticle; // Key: 1) Current ion, 0339 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* rangeCacheMatCutsCouple; // 2) Mat-cuts-couple 0340 G4PhysicsVector* rangeCacheEnergyRange; // Energy vs range vector 0341 G4PhysicsVector* rangeCacheRangeEnergy; // Range vs energy vector 0342 0343 // Cached parameters needed during dE/dx computations: 0344 const G4ParticleDefinition* dedxCacheParticle; // Key: 1) Current ion, 0345 const G4Material* dedxCacheMaterial; // 2) material and 0346 G4double dedxCacheEnergyCut; // 3) cut energy 0347 LossTableList::iterator dedxCacheIter; // Responsible dE/dx table 0348 G4double dedxCacheTransitionEnergy; // Transition energy between 0349 // parameterization and 0350 // Bethe-Bloch model 0351 G4double dedxCacheTransitionFactor; // Factor for smoothing the dE/dx 0352 // values in the transition region 0353 G4double dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio; // Ratio of generic ion mass 0354 // and current particle mass 0355 G4bool isInitialised; 0356 }; 0357 0358 0359 #include "G4IonParametrisedLossModel.icc" 0360 0361 #endif
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