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 // This file is part of the Acts project.
 //
 // Copyright (C) 2023 CERN for the benefit of the Acts project
 //
 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 // License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 // file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "Acts/EventData/TrackStateType.hpp"
 #include "Acts/Geometry/GeometryHierarchyMap.hpp"
 #include "Acts/Geometry/GeometryIdentifier.hpp"
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <functional>
 #include <limits>
 #include <numeric>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
 
 namespace Acts {
 
 /// Class which performs filtering of tracks. It accepts an input and an output
 /// track container and uses the built-in copy facility to copy tracks into the
 /// output container.
 class TrackSelector {
   static constexpr double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
 
  public:
   struct MeasurementCounter {
     // Combination of a geometry hierarchy map and a minimum hit count
     using CounterElement =
         std::pair<GeometryHierarchyMap<unsigned int>, unsigned int>;
 
     boost::container::small_vector<CounterElement, 4> counters;
 
     template <typename track_proxy_t>
     bool isValidTrack(const track_proxy_t& track) const;
 
     void addCounter(const std::vector<GeometryIdentifier>& identifiers,
                     unsigned int threshold) {
       std::vector<GeometryHierarchyMap<unsigned int>::InputElement> elements;
       for (const auto& id : identifiers) {
         elements.emplace_back(id, 0);
       }
       counters.emplace_back(std::move(elements), threshold);
     }
   };
 
   /// Configuration of a set of cuts for a single eta bin
   /// Default construction yields a set of cuts that accepts everything.
   struct Config {
     // Minimum/maximum local positions.
     double loc0Min = -inf;
     double loc0Max = inf;
     double loc1Min = -inf;
     double loc1Max = inf;
     // Minimum/maximum track time.
     double timeMin = -inf;
     double timeMax = inf;
     // Direction cuts.
     double phiMin = -inf;
     double phiMax = inf;
     double etaMin = -inf;
     double etaMax = inf;
     double absEtaMin = 0.0;
     double absEtaMax = inf;
     // Momentum cuts.
     double ptMin = 0.0;
     double ptMax = inf;
 
     std::size_t minMeasurements = 0;
     std::size_t maxHoles = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
     std::size_t maxOutliers = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
     std::size_t maxHolesAndOutliers = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
     std::size_t maxSharedHits = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
     double maxChi2 = inf;
 
     // Defaults to: no cut
     MeasurementCounter measurementCounter;
 
     // Helper factory functions to produce a populated config object more
     // conveniently
 
     /// Set loc0 acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& loc0(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set loc1 acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& loc1(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set time acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& time(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set phi acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& phi(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set the eta acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& eta(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set the absolute eta acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& absEta(double min, double max);
 
     /// Set the pt acceptance range
     /// @param min Minimum value
     /// @param max Maximum value
     /// @return Reference to this object
     Config& pt(double min, double max);
 
     /// Print this set of cuts to an output stream
     /// @param os Output stream
     /// @param cuts Cuts to print
     /// @return Reference to the output stream
     friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Config& cuts);
   };
 
   /// Main config object for the track selector. Combines a set of cut
   /// configurations and corresponding eta bins
   struct EtaBinnedConfig {
     /// Cut sets for each eta bin
     std::vector<Config> cutSets = {};
 
     /// Eta bin edges for varying cuts by eta
     std::vector<double> absEtaEdges = {};
 
     /// Get the number of eta bins
     /// @return Number of eta bins
     std::size_t nEtaBins() const { return absEtaEdges.size() - 1; }
 
     /// Construct an empty (accepts everything) configuration.
     /// Results in a single cut set and one abs eta bin from 0 to infinity.
     EtaBinnedConfig() : cutSets{{}}, absEtaEdges{{0, inf}} {};
 
     /// Constructor to create a config object that is not upper-bounded.
     /// This is useful to use the "fluent" API to populate the configuration.
     /// @param etaMin Minimum eta bin edge
     EtaBinnedConfig(double etaMin) : cutSets{}, absEtaEdges{etaMin} {}
 
     /// Constructor from a vector of eta bin edges. This automatically
     /// initializes all the cuts to be the same for all eta and be essentially
     /// no-op.
     /// @param absEtaEdgesIn is the vector of eta bin edges
     EtaBinnedConfig(std::vector<double> absEtaEdgesIn)
         : absEtaEdges{std::move(absEtaEdgesIn)} {
       cutSets.resize(absEtaEdges.size() - 1);
     }
 
     /// Auto-converting constructor from a single cut configuration.
     /// Results in a single absolute eta bin from 0 to infinity.
     EtaBinnedConfig(Config cutSet)
         : cutSets{std::move(cutSet)}, absEtaEdges{{0, inf}} {}
 
     /// Add a new eta bin with the given upper bound.
     /// @param etaMax Upper bound of the new eta bin
     /// @param callback Callback to configure the cuts for this eta bin
     /// @return Reference to this object
     EtaBinnedConfig& addCuts(double etaMax,
                              const std::function<void(Config&)>& callback = {});
 
     /// Add a new eta bin with an upper bound of +infinity.
     /// @param callback Callback to configure the cuts for this eta bin
     /// @return Reference to this object
     EtaBinnedConfig& addCuts(const std::function<void(Config&)>& callback = {});
 
     /// Print this configuration to an output stream
     /// @param os Output stream
     /// @param cfg Configuration to print
     /// @return Reference to the output stream
     friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,
                                     const EtaBinnedConfig& cfg);
 
     /// Check if the configuration has a bin for a given eta
     /// @param eta Eta value
     /// @return True if the configuration has a bin for the given eta
     bool hasCuts(double eta) const;
 
     /// Get the index of the eta bin for a given eta
     /// @param eta Eta value
     /// @return Index of the eta bin
     std::size_t binIndex(double eta) const;
 
     /// Get the cuts for a given eta
     /// @param eta Eta value
     /// @return Cuts for the given eta
     const Config& getCuts(double eta) const;
   };
 
   /// Constructor from a single cut config object
   /// @param config is the configuration object
   TrackSelector(const Config& config);
 
   /// Constructor from a multi-eta
   /// @param config is the configuration object
   TrackSelector(const EtaBinnedConfig& config);
 
   /// Select tracks from an input container and copy them into an output
   /// container
   /// @tparam input_tracks_t is the type of the input track container
   /// @tparam output_tracks_t is the type of the output track container
   /// @param inputTracks is the input track container
   /// @param outputTracks is the output track container
   template <typename input_tracks_t, typename output_tracks_t>
   void selectTracks(const input_tracks_t& inputTracks,
                     output_tracks_t& outputTracks) const;
 
   /// Helper function to check if a track is valid
   /// @tparam track_proxy_t is the type of the track proxy
   /// @param track is the track proxy
   /// @return true if the track is valid
   template <typename track_proxy_t>
   bool isValidTrack(const track_proxy_t& track) const;
 
   /// Get readonly access to the config parameters
   /// @return the config object
   const EtaBinnedConfig& config() const { return m_cfg; }
 
  private:
   EtaBinnedConfig m_cfg;
   bool m_isUnbinned;
   bool m_noEtaCuts;
 };
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::loc0(double min,
                                                           double max) {
   loc0Min = min;
   loc0Max = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::loc1(double min,
                                                           double max) {
   loc1Min = min;
   loc1Max = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::time(double min,
                                                           double max) {
   timeMin = min;
   timeMax = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::phi(double min,
                                                          double max) {
   phiMin = min;
   phiMax = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::eta(double min,
                                                          double max) {
   if (absEtaMin != 0.0 || absEtaMax != inf) {
     throw std::invalid_argument(
         "Cannot set both eta and absEta cuts in the same cut set");
   }
   etaMin = min;
   etaMax = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::absEta(double min,
                                                             double max) {
   if (etaMin != -inf || etaMax != inf) {
     throw std::invalid_argument(
         "Cannot set both eta and absEta cuts in the same cut set");
   }
   absEtaMin = min;
   absEtaMax = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::Config::pt(double min,
                                                         double max) {
   ptMin = min;
   ptMax = max;
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,
                                 const TrackSelector::Config& cuts) {
   auto print = [&](const char* name, const auto& min, const auto& max) {
     os << " - " << min << " <= " << name << " < " << max << "\n";
   };
 
   print("loc0", cuts.loc0Min, cuts.loc0Max);
   print("loc1", cuts.loc1Min, cuts.loc1Max);
   print("time", cuts.timeMin, cuts.timeMax);
   print("phi", cuts.phiMin, cuts.phiMax);
   print("eta", cuts.etaMin, cuts.etaMax);
   print("absEta", cuts.absEtaMin, cuts.absEtaMax);
   print("pt", cuts.ptMin, cuts.ptMax);
   print("nHoles", 0, cuts.maxHoles);
   print("nOutliers", 0, cuts.maxOutliers);
   print("nHoles + nOutliers", 0, cuts.maxHolesAndOutliers);
   print("nSharedHits", 0, cuts.maxSharedHits);
   print("chi2", 0.0, cuts.maxChi2);
   os << " - " << cuts.minMeasurements << " <= nMeasurements\n";
 
   return os;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig& TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig::addCuts(
     double etaMax, const std::function<void(Config&)>& callback) {
   if (etaMax <= absEtaEdges.back()) {
     throw std::invalid_argument{
         "Abs Eta bin edges must be in increasing order"};
   }
 
   if (etaMax < 0.0) {
     throw std::invalid_argument{"Abs Eta bin edges must be positive"};
   }
 
   absEtaEdges.push_back(etaMax);
   cutSets.emplace_back();
   if (callback) {
     callback(cutSets.back());
   }
   return *this;
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig& TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig::addCuts(
     const std::function<void(Config&)>& callback) {
   return addCuts(inf, callback);
 }
 
 inline bool TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig::hasCuts(double eta) const {
   return std::abs(eta) < absEtaEdges.back();
 }
 
 inline std::size_t TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig::binIndex(double eta) const {
   if (!hasCuts(eta)) {
     throw std::invalid_argument{"Eta is outside the abs eta bin edges"};
   }
 
   auto binIt =
       std::upper_bound(absEtaEdges.begin(), absEtaEdges.end(), std::abs(eta));
   std::size_t index = std::distance(absEtaEdges.begin(), binIt) - 1;
   return index;
 }
 
 inline const TrackSelector::Config& TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig::getCuts(
     double eta) const {
   return nEtaBins() == 1 ? cutSets[0] : cutSets[binIndex(eta)];
 }
 
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,
                                 const TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig& cfg) {
   os << "TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig:\n";
 
   for (std::size_t i = 1; i < cfg.absEtaEdges.size(); i++) {
     os << cfg.absEtaEdges[i - 1] << " <= eta < " << cfg.absEtaEdges[i] << "\n";
     os << cfg.cutSets[i - 1];
   }
 
   return os;
 }
 
 template <typename input_tracks_t, typename output_tracks_t>
 void TrackSelector::selectTracks(const input_tracks_t& inputTracks,
                                  output_tracks_t& outputTracks) const {
   for (auto track : inputTracks) {
     if (!isValidTrack(track)) {
       continue;
     }
     auto destProxy = outputTracks.makeTrack();
     destProxy.copyFrom(track, false);
     destProxy.tipIndex() = track.tipIndex();
   }
 }
 
 template <typename track_proxy_t>
 bool TrackSelector::isValidTrack(const track_proxy_t& track) const {
   auto checkMin = [](auto x, auto min) { return min <= x; };
   auto checkMax = [](auto x, auto max) { return x <= max; };
   auto within = [](double x, double min, double max) {
     return (min <= x) && (x < max);
   };
 
   const auto theta = track.theta();
 
   constexpr double kUnset = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
 
   double _eta = kUnset;
   double _absEta = kUnset;
 
   auto absEta = [&]() {
     if (_absEta == kUnset) {
       _eta = -std::log(std::tan(theta / 2));
       _absEta = std::abs(_eta);
     }
     return _absEta;
   };
 
   const Config* cutsPtr{nullptr};
   if (!m_isUnbinned) {
     if (absEta() < m_cfg.absEtaEdges.front() ||
         _absEta >= m_cfg.absEtaEdges.back()) {
       return false;
     }
     cutsPtr = &m_cfg.getCuts(_eta);
   } else {
     cutsPtr = &m_cfg.cutSets.front();
   }
 
   const Config& cuts = *cutsPtr;
 
   return track.hasReferenceSurface() &&
          within(track.transverseMomentum(), cuts.ptMin, cuts.ptMax) &&
          (m_noEtaCuts || (within(absEta(), cuts.absEtaMin, cuts.absEtaMax) &&
                           within(_eta, cuts.etaMin, cuts.etaMax))) &&
          within(track.phi(), cuts.phiMin, cuts.phiMax) &&
          within(track.loc0(), cuts.loc0Min, cuts.loc0Max) &&
          within(track.loc1(), cuts.loc1Min, cuts.loc1Max) &&
          within(track.time(), cuts.timeMin, cuts.timeMax) &&
          checkMin(track.nMeasurements(), cuts.minMeasurements) &&
          checkMax(track.nHoles(), cuts.maxHoles) &&
          checkMax(track.nOutliers(), cuts.maxOutliers) &&
          checkMax(track.nHoles() + track.nOutliers(),
                   cuts.maxHolesAndOutliers) &&
          checkMax(track.nSharedHits(), cuts.maxSharedHits) &&
          checkMax(track.chi2(), cuts.maxChi2) &&
          cuts.measurementCounter.isValidTrack(track);
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::TrackSelector(
     const TrackSelector::EtaBinnedConfig& config)
     : m_cfg(config) {
   if (m_cfg.cutSets.size() != m_cfg.nEtaBins()) {
     throw std::invalid_argument{
         "TrackSelector cut / eta bin configuration is inconsistent"};
   }
 
   m_isUnbinned = false;
   if (m_cfg.nEtaBins() == 1) {
     static const std::vector<double> infVec = {0, inf};
     bool limitEta = m_cfg.absEtaEdges != infVec;
     m_isUnbinned = !limitEta;  // single bin, no eta edges given
 
     const Config& cuts = m_cfg.cutSets[0];
 
     if (limitEta && (cuts.etaMin != -inf || cuts.etaMax != inf ||
                      cuts.absEtaMin != 0.0 || cuts.absEtaMax != inf)) {
       throw std::invalid_argument{
           "Explicit eta cuts are only valid for single eta bin"};
     }
   }
 
   m_noEtaCuts = m_isUnbinned;
   for (const auto& cuts : m_cfg.cutSets) {
     if (cuts.etaMin != -inf || cuts.etaMax != inf || cuts.absEtaMin != 0.0 ||
         cuts.absEtaMax != inf) {
       m_noEtaCuts = false;
     }
   }
 }
 
 inline TrackSelector::TrackSelector(const Config& config)
     : TrackSelector{EtaBinnedConfig{config}} {}
 
 template <typename track_proxy_t>
 bool TrackSelector::MeasurementCounter::isValidTrack(
     const track_proxy_t& track) const {
   // No hit cuts, accept everything
   if (counters.empty()) {
     return true;
   }
 
   boost::container::small_vector<unsigned int, 4> counterValues;
   counterValues.resize(counters.size(), 0);
 
   for (const auto& ts : track.trackStatesReversed()) {
     if (!ts.typeFlags().test(Acts::TrackStateFlag::MeasurementFlag)) {
       continue;
     }
 
     const auto geoId = ts.referenceSurface().geometryId();
 
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < counters.size(); i++) {
       const auto& [counterMap, threshold] = counters[i];
       const auto it = counterMap.find(geoId);
       if (it == counterMap.end()) {
         continue;
       }
 
       counterValues[i]++;
     }
   }
 
   for (std::size_t i = 0; i < counters.size(); i++) {
     const auto& [counterMap, threshold] = counters[i];
     const unsigned int value = counterValues[i];
     if (value < threshold) {
       return false;
     }
   }
 
   return true;
 }
 }  // namespace Acts

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