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0001 =========================================================
0002 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
0003 =========================================================
0004
0005
0006 HADR01
0007
0008 A.Bagulya, I.Gudowska, V.Ivanchenko, N.Starkov
0009 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
0010 Karolinska Institute & Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
0011 Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
0012
0013
0014 This example application is based on the application IION developed for
0015 simulation of proton or ion beam interaction with a water target. Different
0016 aspects of beam target interaction are demonstrating in the example including
0017 longitudinal profile of energy deposition, spectra of secondary particles,
0018 spectra of particles leaving the target. The results are presenting in a form
0019 of average numbers and histograms.
0020
0021
0022 GEOMETRY
0023
0024 The Target volume is a cylinder placed inside Check cylindrical volume. The
0025 Check volume is placed inside the World volume. The radius and the length of
0026 the Check volume are 1 mm larger than the radius and the length of the Target.
0027 The material of the Check volume is the same as the World material. The World
0028 volume has the sizes 10 mm larger than that of the Target volume. Any material
0029 from the Geant4 database can be defined. The default World material is
0030 G4Galactic and the default Target material is aluminum. The Target is
0031 subdivided on number of equal slices. Following UI commands are available to
0032 modify the geometry:
0033
0034 /testhadr/TargetMat G4_Pb
0035 /testhadr/WorldMat G4_AIR
0036 /testhadr/TargetRadius 10 mm
0037 /testhadr/TargetLength 20 cm
0038 /testhadr/NumberDivZ 200
0039
0040 Beam direction coincides with the target axis and is Z axis in the global
0041 coordinate system. The beam starts 5 mm in front of the target. G4ParticleGun
0042 is used as a primary generator. The energy and the type of the beam can be
0043 defined via standard UI commands
0044
0045 /gun/energy 15 GeV
0046 /gun/particle proton
0047
0048 Default beam position is -(targetHalfLength + 5*mm) and direction along Z axis.
0049 Beam position and direction can be changed by gun UI commands:
0050
0051 /gun/position 1 10 3 mm
0052 /gun/direction 1 0 0
0053
0054 however, position command is active only if before it the flag is set
0055
0056 /testhadr/DefaultBeamPosition false
0057
0058 SCORING
0059
0060 The scoring is performed with the help of UserStackingAction class and two
0061 sensitive detector classes: one associated with a target slice, another with
0062 the Check volume. Each secondary particle is scored by the StackingAction. In
0063 the StackingAction it is also possible to kill all or one type of secondary
0064 particles
0065
0066 /testhadr/Kill neutron
0067 /testhadr/KillAllSecondaries
0068
0069 To control running the following options are available:
0070
0071 /testhadr/PrintModulo 100
0072 /testhadr/DebugEvent 977
0073
0074 The last command selects an events, for which "/tracking/verbose 2" level
0075 of printout is established.
0076
0077
0078 PHYSICS
0079
0080 PhysicsList of the application uses reference Phsyics Lists or its components,
0081 which are distributed with Geant4 in /geant4/physics_lists subdirectory.
0082
0083 The reference Physics List name may be defined in the 3d argument of the
0084 run command:
0085
0086 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT
0087
0088 If 3d argument is not set then the PHYSLIST environment variable is checked.
0089 If 3d argument is set, it is possible to add the 4th and 5th arguments,
0090 which defines overlap energies between cascade and string models in GeV:
0091
0092 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0
0093
0094 If 6 arguments are used the last enabling addition of charge exchange
0095 physics on top of any reference Physics List.
0096
0097 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 CI
0098
0099 If both 3d argument and the environment variable are not defined then
0100 reference Phsyics Lists is not instantiated, instead the local Physics List
0101 is used built from components, which may be configured using UI interface.
0102 The choice of the physics is provided by the UI command:
0103
0104 /testhadr/Physics QGSP_BIC
0105
0106 To see the list of available configurations with UI one can use
0107
0108 /testhadr/ListPhysics
0109
0110 The cuts for electromagnetic physics can be established via
0111
0112 /testhadr/CutsAll 1 mm
0113 /testhadr/CutsGamma 0.1 mm
0114 /testhadr/CutsEl 0.2 mm
0115 /testhadr/CutsPos 0.3 mm
0116 /testhadr/CutsProt 0.6 mm
0117
0118 Note that testhadr UI commands are not available in the case when PHYSLIST
0119 environment variable is defined.
0120
0121
0122 VISUALIZATION
0123
0124 For interactive mode G4 visualization options and variables should be
0125 defined, then the example should be recompiled:
0126
0127 gmake visclean
0128 gmake
0129
0130
0131 HISTOGRAMS
0132
0133 There are built in histograms. The 1st one (idx=0, id="1") scores energy
0134 deposition along the target. Histograms "22", "23", "24", "25" scores
0135 energy deposition per particle type.
0136
0137 All other histograms are provided in decimal logarithmic scale (log10(E/MeV),
0138 where E is secondary particle energy at production
0139
0140 It is possible to change scale and output file name using UI commands:
0141
0142 /testhadr/histo/fileName name
0143 /testhadr/histo/setHisto idx nbins vmin vmax unit
0144
0145 Only ROOT histograms are available.
0146
0147 All histograms are normalized to the number of events.
