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 // This file is part of the ACTS project.
 //
 // Copyright (C) 2016 CERN for the benefit of the ACTS project
 //
 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 // License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 // file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "Acts/Definitions/Algebra.hpp"
 #include "Acts/Surfaces/BoundaryTolerance.hpp"
 #include "Acts/Utilities/Logger.hpp"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <limits>
 #include <span>
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #include <boost/container/static_vector.hpp>
 
 namespace Acts {
 
 /// Status enum
 enum class IntersectionStatus : int {
   unreachable = 0,
   reachable = 1,
   onSurface = 2
 };
 
 /// Ostream-operator for the IntersectionStatus enum
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, IntersectionStatus status) {
   constexpr static std::array<const char*, 3> names = {
       {"missed/unreachable", "reachable", "onSurface"}};
 
   os << names[static_cast<std::size_t>(status)];
   return os;
 }
 
 ///  @struct Intersection
 ///
 ///  Intersection struct used for position
 template <unsigned int DIM>
 class Intersection {
  public:
   /// Position type
   using Position = Eigen::Map<const ActsVector<DIM>>;
 
   /// Constructor with arguments
   ///
   /// @param position is the position of the intersection
   /// @param pathLength is the path length to the intersection
   /// @param status is an enum indicating the status of the intersection
   constexpr Intersection(const ActsVector<DIM>& position, double pathLength,
                          IntersectionStatus status) noexcept
       : Intersection(std::span<const double, DIM>{position.data(), DIM},
                      pathLength, status) {}
 
   constexpr Intersection(const Position& position, double pathLength,
                          IntersectionStatus status) noexcept
       : Intersection(std::span<const double, DIM>{position.data(), DIM},
                      pathLength, status) {}
 
   constexpr Intersection(std::span<const double, DIM> position,
                          double pathLength, IntersectionStatus status) noexcept
       : m_pathLength(pathLength), m_status(status) {
     std::ranges::copy(position, m_position.begin());
   }
 
   Intersection(const Intersection&) noexcept = default;
   Intersection(Intersection&&) noexcept = default;
   Intersection& operator=(const Intersection&) noexcept = default;
   Intersection& operator=(Intersection&&) noexcept = default;
 
   /// Returns whether the intersection was successful or not
   constexpr bool isValid() const {
     return m_status != IntersectionStatus::unreachable;
   }
 
   /// Returns the position of the interseciton
   constexpr Position position() const { return Position{m_position.data()}; }
 
   /// Returns the path length to the interseciton
   constexpr double pathLength() const { return m_pathLength; }
 
   /// Returns the intersection status enum
   constexpr IntersectionStatus status() const { return m_status; }
 
   /// Static factory to creae an invalid instesection
   constexpr static Intersection invalid() { return Intersection(); }
 
   /// Comparison function for path length order i.e. intersection closest to
   /// -inf will be first.
   constexpr static bool pathLengthOrder(const Intersection& aIntersection,
                                         const Intersection& bIntersection) {
     auto a = aIntersection.pathLength();
     auto b = bIntersection.pathLength();
     return a < b;
   }
 
   /// Comparison function for closest order i.e. intersection closest to 0 will
   /// be first.
   constexpr static bool closestOrder(const Intersection& aIntersection,
                                      const Intersection& bIntersection) {
     if ((aIntersection.status() == IntersectionStatus::unreachable) &&
         (bIntersection.status() != IntersectionStatus::unreachable)) {
       return false;
     }
     if ((aIntersection.status() != IntersectionStatus::unreachable) &&
         (bIntersection.status() == IntersectionStatus::unreachable)) {
       return true;
     }
     // both are reachable or onSurface now
     auto a = aIntersection.pathLength();
     auto b = bIntersection.pathLength();
     return std::abs(a) < std::abs(b);
   }
 
   /// Comparison function for closest forward order i.e. intersection closest to
   /// 0 with positive path length will be first.
   constexpr static bool closestForwardOrder(const Intersection& aIntersection,
                                             const Intersection& bIntersection) {
     auto a = aIntersection.pathLength();
     auto b = bIntersection.pathLength();
     return std::signbit(a) == std::signbit(b) ? std::abs(a) < std::abs(b)
                                               : a > b;
   }
 
  private:
   /// Position of the intersection
   std::array<double, DIM> m_position{};
   /// Signed path length to the intersection (if valid)
   double m_pathLength = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
   /// The Status of the intersection
   IntersectionStatus m_status = IntersectionStatus::unreachable;
 
   constexpr Intersection() = default;
 };
 
 using Intersection2D = Intersection<2>;
 using Intersection3D = Intersection<3>;
 
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_move_constructible_v<Intersection2D>);
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copy_constructible_v<Intersection2D>);
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_move_assignable_v<Intersection2D>);
 
 static constexpr std::uint8_t s_maximumNumberOfIntersections = 2;
 using MultiIntersection3D =
     boost::container::static_vector<Intersection3D,
                                     s_maximumNumberOfIntersections>;
 
 template <typename object_t>
 class ObjectIntersection {
  public:
   /// Object intersection
   ///
   /// @param intersection is the intersection
   /// @param object is the object to be instersected
   /// @param index is the intersection index
   /// @param boundaryTolerance is the boundary tolerance for the intersection
   constexpr ObjectIntersection(
       const Intersection3D& intersection, const object_t* object,
       std::uint8_t index = 0,
       BoundaryTolerance boundaryTolerance = BoundaryTolerance::None()) noexcept
       : m_intersection(intersection),
         m_object(object),
         m_index(index),
         m_boundaryTolerance(boundaryTolerance) {}
 
   ObjectIntersection(const ObjectIntersection&) noexcept = default;
   ObjectIntersection(ObjectIntersection&&) noexcept = default;
   ObjectIntersection& operator=(const ObjectIntersection&) noexcept = default;
   ObjectIntersection& operator=(ObjectIntersection&&) noexcept = default;
 
   /// Returns whether the intersection was successful or not
   constexpr bool isValid() const { return m_intersection.isValid(); }
 
   /// Returns the intersection
   constexpr const Intersection3D& intersection() const {
     return m_intersection;
   }
 
   /// Returns the position of the interseciton
   Intersection3D::Position position() const {
     return m_intersection.position();
   }
 
   /// Returns the path length to the interseciton
   constexpr double pathLength() const { return m_intersection.pathLength(); }
 
   /// Returns the status of the interseciton
   constexpr IntersectionStatus status() const {
     return m_intersection.status();
   }
 
   /// Returns the object that has been intersected
   constexpr const object_t* object() const { return m_object; }
 
   constexpr std::uint8_t index() const { return m_index; }
 
   constexpr BoundaryTolerance boundaryTolerance() const {
     return m_boundaryTolerance;
   }
 
   constexpr static ObjectIntersection invalid(
       const object_t* object = nullptr) {
     return ObjectIntersection(Intersection3D::invalid(), object);
   }
 
   constexpr static bool pathLengthOrder(
       const ObjectIntersection& aIntersection,
       const ObjectIntersection& bIntersection) {
     return Intersection3D::pathLengthOrder(aIntersection.intersection(),
                                            bIntersection.intersection());
   }
 
   constexpr static bool closestOrder(const ObjectIntersection& aIntersection,
                                      const ObjectIntersection& bIntersection) {
     return Intersection3D::closestOrder(aIntersection.intersection(),
                                         bIntersection.intersection());
   }
 
   constexpr static bool closestForwardOrder(
       const ObjectIntersection& aIntersection,
       const ObjectIntersection& bIntersection) {
     return Intersection3D::closestForwardOrder(aIntersection.intersection(),
                                                bIntersection.intersection());
   }
 
  private:
   /// The intersection itself
   Intersection3D m_intersection = Intersection3D::invalid();
   /// The object that was (tried to be) intersected
   const object_t* m_object = nullptr;
   /// The intersection index
   std::uint8_t m_index = 0;
   /// The boundary tolerance for the intersection
   BoundaryTolerance m_boundaryTolerance = BoundaryTolerance::None();
 
   constexpr ObjectIntersection() = default;
 };
 
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_move_constructible_v<ObjectIntersection<int>>);
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_move_assignable_v<ObjectIntersection<int>>);
 
 template <typename object_t>
 class ObjectMultiIntersection {
  public:
   using SplitIntersections =
       boost::container::static_vector<ObjectIntersection<object_t>,
                                       s_maximumNumberOfIntersections>;
 
   /// Object intersection
   ///
   /// @param intersections are the intersections
   /// @param object is the object to be instersected
   /// @param boundaryTolerance is the boundary tolerance for the intersection
   constexpr ObjectMultiIntersection(
       const MultiIntersection3D& intersections, const object_t* object,
       BoundaryTolerance boundaryTolerance = BoundaryTolerance::None())
       : m_intersections(intersections),
         m_object(object),
         m_boundaryTolerance(boundaryTolerance) {}
 
   constexpr ObjectIntersection<object_t> operator[](std::uint8_t index) const {
     return {m_intersections[index], m_object, index, m_boundaryTolerance};
   }
 
   constexpr const MultiIntersection3D& intersections() const {
     return m_intersections;
   }
 
   constexpr std::size_t size() const { return m_intersections.size(); }
 
   constexpr const object_t* object() const { return m_object; }
 
   constexpr BoundaryTolerance boundaryTolerance() const {
     return m_boundaryTolerance;
   }
 
   constexpr SplitIntersections split() const {
     SplitIntersections result;
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size(); ++i) {
       result.push_back(operator[](i));
     }
     return result;
   }
 
   constexpr ObjectIntersection<object_t> closest() const {
     auto splitIntersections = split();
     return *std::min_element(splitIntersections.begin(),
                              splitIntersections.end(),
                              ObjectIntersection<object_t>::closestOrder);
   }
 
   constexpr ObjectIntersection<object_t> closestForward() const {
     auto splitIntersections = split();
     return *std::min_element(splitIntersections.begin(),
                              splitIntersections.end(),
                              ObjectIntersection<object_t>::closestForwardOrder);
   }
 
  private:
   /// The intersections
   MultiIntersection3D m_intersections;
   /// The object that was (tried to be) intersected
   const object_t* m_object = nullptr;
   /// The boundary tolerance for the intersection
   BoundaryTolerance m_boundaryTolerance = BoundaryTolerance::None();
 };
 
 namespace detail {
 
 /// This function checks if an intersection path length is valid for the
 /// specified near-limit and far-limit
 ///
 /// @param pathLength The path length of the intersection
 /// @param nearLimit The minimum path length for an intersection to be considered
 /// @param farLimit The maximum path length for an intersection to be considered
 /// @param logger A optionally supplied logger which prints out a lot of infos
 ///               at VERBOSE level
 bool checkPathLength(double pathLength, double nearLimit, double farLimit,
                      const Logger& logger = getDummyLogger());
 
 }  // namespace detail
 
 }  // namespace Acts

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